Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 323 (death of Alexander) to late 1st century BC |
|
|
Term
| When did Alexander the Great rule? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
323-31 BC
(death of Alexander) |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Greek (pre)culture |
|
Definition
* Sea-oriented
* High standard of living
* depended on the sea for food
-fishing |
|
|
Term
| What was the climate like in Greece and what resulted from it? |
|
Definition
* unpredictable
* supported olives and grapes
* necessitated need for trade of other
foods |
|
|
Term
| Where were the Cycladic Islands located? |
|
Definition
| In the Aegean Sea east of Greece |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Minoan culture. |
|
Definition
* "Palace Culture"
* Peace and Prosperity
* emphasized the importance of the sea and
nature
* happiness
* opposite of the Myceneans |
|
|
Term
| Describe the "Palace Culture" |
|
Definition
* citizens lived around the palace
* the palace served as a redistribution
center
-pay taxes, redistributed goods
* built on a slope |
|
|
Term
| Who was Arthur Evans and what is he famous for? |
|
Definition
An archaeologist who excavated Crete and discovered the Palace at Knossos, brought them back to the Oxford Museum where he was curator
*uncovered the Minoan culture |
|
|
Term
| What did the Cycladic idols depict and represent? |
|
Definition
* Cults of the goddesses as guides to the
underworld
* Musician figures-males, rituals |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Palace at Knossos |
|
Definition
* unfortified
* labrynth-like rooms
* magazine storage for goods-redistribution |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
* The Bull was their symbol of power and
virility
* Bull vaulting-a contest for the young
men as a sacrifice to the gods
* The snake was symbolic of rebirth,
regeneration, and rejuvenation
-Snake Goddess |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Minoan palace art |
|
Definition
* frescoes-wet paint on plaster-depicted
young men and women
* "La Parisienne"-dolphins and sea lifed
* Pillars made of upside down tree trunks
with black, white, and OKUR being the
dominant colors |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Mycenean culture |
|
Definition
* Opposite of the Minoans
* War and adversity
* valued and protected land
* think DEFENSE! |
|
|
Term
| Describe the structure of Mycenean cities |
|
Definition
* Citadel-fortified palace
* 20' thick walls for DEFENSE
* Tiryns, cyclopian walls |
|
|
Term
| What is the "Treasury of Atreus"? |
|
Definition
It contained mummified bodies with honey, it was filled with gold, goods, and funerary masks.
*Connection with Egypt* |
|
|
Term
| What is a hoplite? A phalanx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happened to the Myceneans? |
|
Definition
The Dorians came and screwed them over!
They had iron which cut through those stupid Myceneans' bronze. And they thought they were so smart. |
|
|
Term
| Mycenean art vs. Minoan art. Examples? |
|
Definition
Mycenean--"Warrior Vase"
Minoan--"Octupus Jar"-Harvester Vase |
|
|
Term
| What were some of the changes and characteristics in Greek life in the Archaic Age? |
|
Definition
* Started traveling more
* birth of legends, stories (Homer)
* Arete-emphasized excellence, balance
* "Oikos"-family, household
* development of the polis (city) |
|
|
Term
| What was so important about Homer's Iliad and Odyssey? |
|
Definition
They were the basis of Greek life-
-education
-entertainment
-society (definitive)
-law |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*Warrior Arete*
-being the perfect warrior
-overcome selfish pitfalls |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*Domestic Arete*
-recognizes you have to go home, fulfill responsibility
Odysseus' wife Penelope had been waiting for him for 20 years-->ideal Greek wife, Telemucus would not take over until Odysseus turned over the kingdom himself-->ideal Greek son |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Story of the Trojan War, Aphrodite gave Helen, a Mycenean King's wife, to Paris, war broke loose to restore Helen to King Menelaus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
god of wine and revelry
died in the winter, born again in the spring--birth of theater |
|
|
Term
| What is the significance of the Archaic Age? |
|
Definition
* Greece opened up to the world
* Philosophy and ideas from Asia
* Trade goods with surrounding countries
* Architecture from Egypt
* Art, sculptures from Africa
* Alphabet, language from Phoenicia |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 parts of a polis? |
|
Definition
Agora-formal meeting place for citizens (lower city)
Acropolis- (high city) |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between Sparta (Pelopennesus) and Athens? |
|
Definition
Sparta treated there women better, gave them more freedom, responsibility. They also more war-centered, emphasized the need to fight and conquer.
Athens was was a thinking city, focused on democracy and ideals. Women were to be out of sight, out of mind. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The "Father of History"; combined history with jyth |
|
|
Term
| What was the significance of the Battle of Marathon? |
|
Definition
| It was a huge victory for the Greeks against the Persians. |
|
|
Term
| What is the Delian League? |
|
Definition
Athens and allies joined forces for a mutual defense against a 3rd Persian invasion.
The Headquarters were on Delos island which wasd neutral, where they stored their treasury for tribute. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A leader in Athens, also an aristocrat, general, and leader of the Delian League. Moved the treasury from Delos to Athens and caused much controversy because he used it all to build a statue of Athena in Athens to protect them from invasion, but the rest of the league didn't agree. Killed off those who didn't. led to the Pelopennesian Wars. |
|
|
Term
| What was the cause of the Pelopennesian wars? |
|
Definition
| Sparta feared Athenian imperialism, attacked and Athens was never the great cultural center it was again. |
|
|
Term
| What does kaloi kagath mean? |
|
Definition
| The good and the beautiful |
|
|
Term
| What did Homer stress and what did this lead to? |
|
Definition
| Individualism, which led to free inquiry and the stress on human reason |
|
|
Term
| What was significant about the Greek religion that contributed to humanistic ideas? |
|
Definition
| There was no supreme being so the citizens looked to themselves, which allowed for free examination |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe Socrates and his beliefs. |
|
Definition
Not one of the "kaloi kagath", irritated the Greeks because he was always urging them to question what they knew and to find the source of truth.
*Socratic Method |
|
|
Term
| What was Plato known for? |
|
Definition
| Idealism-the Theory of Forms, Allegory of the Cave. "Reality lies in the realm of ideas", emphasized need for education |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Empiricism-using senses and reason to discover truth
Disagreed with Plato about idealism
*Realism(thisworldliness)
*Syllogisms
*Doctrine of the Mean |
|
|
Term
| What is the significance of the Temple of Athena Nike? |
|
Definition
| Celebrated the Greek victory over Persians |
|
|
Term
| What is the significance of the Erectheum? |
|
Definition
| It was the home of the first king, site of the contest between Athenda and Poseidon. |
|
|
Term
| What is the significance of the Erectheum? |
|
Definition
| It was the home of the first king, site of the contest between Athenda and Poseidon. |
|
|
Term
| What was the significance of the Parthenon? |
|
Definition
| It was dedicated to Athena, the goddess of war strategy |
|
|
Term
| What did the Parthenon represent? |
|
Definition
Idealism
Rationalism
Harmonic Proportions
Humanism |
|
|
Term
| Significance of the Statue of Athena Promachus |
|
Definition
| made with bronze of the defeated Persians |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The law that states that performance is best under conditions of moderate arousal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The minimum amount of energy used by an individual in a resting state |
|
|
Term
| When were the pyramids at Giza constructed around? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who said "Egypt is the Gift of the Nile"? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Politically, Mesopotamia was a: a)democracy ruled by the people b)republic led by a wealthy few c)unified empire under a king d)series of city-states |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Second Intermediate Period was a time of: a)invasions from outside Egypt b)civil war and unrest c)experimentations with democracy d)great pyramid building |
|
Definition
| invasions from outside Egypt |
|
|
Term
| The Temple of Rameses II is built out of what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following did the Hyksos not introduce into Egypt? a)the wheel b)chariots c)horses d)writing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the Armana period noted for? a)monotheism b)democracy c)pyramid building d)empire building |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During the Paleolithic era, the weather was typically |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| New Kingdom Egypt is also referred to as what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where were Egyptian tombs always located |
|
Definition
| on the west side of the Nile |
|
|
Term
| The Summer Solstice marks which day of the year? |
|
Definition
| with the longest daylight |
|
|
Term
| How long did the Egyptian practice of embalming and mummification take? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Approximately when was the Epic of Gilgamesh written down? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The geography of Mesopotamia is noted for its: a)flat plains b)wide deserts c)high mountains d)deep lakes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Alexandria and Pergamum were 2 _________ cities. Persian, hellenic, Hellenistic or Etruscan |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did Heinrich Schliemann discover? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the wars between Sparta and Athens called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first sculpture to show weight shift (contrapposto) was the: a)Kritios Boy b)Erectheum Caryatid c)Spearbearer d)Athena Nike |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Unwanted baby girls were often raised by others to become: a)heterai b)slaves c)priestesses d)aretes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What event is said to have begun the Hellenistic Era? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The position of women in Etruscan society appears to have been similar to the position of women in which other society? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who was responsible for facilitating the rebuilding of the Parthenon? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Parthenon is said to reflect Athenian: a)tyranny b)timocracy c)monarchy d)democracy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Greek theatre developed out of what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who did the Hellenistic artists and architects have a strong influence on? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the Mycenean culture noted for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which order of Greek column is associated with men and male proportion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who said "Buildings live on long after man's deeds are forgotten"? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The highest level of military designation in Sparta is when a soldier earned the title of: a)Hoplite b)Phalanx c)Helot d)Equal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Greece, the time period between 1200-800 B.C. is known as the: a)Mycenean Era b)Archaic Period c)Classical Era d)Dark Ages |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Zeus was the civic deity of which Greek polis? a)Corinth b)Thebes c)Sparta d)Olympia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many years did an individual have to leave for when ostracized from Athens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Herodotus tells us that the Etruscans probably came from Lydia, which is located in: a)Greece b)Asia Minor c)Italy d)Persia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who first wrote about the Persian Wars? |
|
Definition
|
|
