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Definition
Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins |
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| two common features of biomolecules |
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Definition
Carbon backbone
Presence of C, H, O |
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Definition
| organic molecules associated with living organisms |
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| Monosaccharide, disaccharide, and polysaccharide are examples of? |
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Definition
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| Monosaccharide and Disaccharide are examples of |
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Definition
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| Example of complex carbohydrate |
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Definition
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| Fructose and glucose are? |
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Definition
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| A polysaccharide from plants |
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Definition
| Polysaccharide from animals (produced in liver and muscles) |
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Term
| Long branching chain of simple sugar, specifically glucose? |
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Definition
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Definition
Fatty acids
Phospholipids
Steroids
Eicosanoids |
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Term
| Lipid that is solid at room temp |
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Definition
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| Lipid that is liquid at room temp |
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Definition
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| Waste product of tryglyceride is |
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Definition
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| A fat that has all single bonds and solid at room temp |
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Definition
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Term
| A fat with one double bond and is liquid at room temp |
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Definition
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Term
| A fat with more than one double bond and is liquid at room temp |
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Definition
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Definition
not found in nature
are carconogenic (cancer causing)
denatured polyunsaturated fat |
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Definition
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| Fatty acids with trans-bonds are |
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Definition
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Definition
| Is an element that is both polar and nonpolar |
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Definition
| Hydrophobic, they do not dissolve in water |
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Term
| Properties of Phospholipid |
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Definition
has two fatty acids chains at the nonpolar end
are modified triglycerides
are amphipatic
found only in human cell membranes as bilayer
Hydrophobic tails
hydrophilic heads |
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Term
| Decreases cell permeability to small water soluble molecules |
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Definition
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Definition
| The synthesis of complex molecules from simple molecules. |
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Term
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Definition
compose 10 - 30% of cell mass
some are structural - bones, hair
some are functional - antibodies, enzymes |
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Term
| Proteins are made up of ..... amino acids |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Amine group
Carboxcylic acid
Functional group |
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Term
| There are .... essential and .... non-essential Amino Acids |
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Definition
9 essential
11 non-essential |
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Term
| Amino acids are bonded together by? |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| 50 or more amino acids are called a protein or |
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Definition
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Term
| Most proteins contain ... amino acids |
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Definition
| 1,500 - 50,000 amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
Primary - long flat sructure
Secondary - an alpha helix, or Beta pleated sheet
Tertiary - glob
Quatenary structure - 4 globs together (Hemoglobin) |
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Term
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Definition
| is a protein that has lost it's function, either by changing shape too many times, or rise in temp |
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Definition
secondary structure
strand like proteins
structural proteins - collagen |
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Definition
compact spherical proteins
have tertiary and quaternary structures
are functional proteins - antibodies, hormones, enzymes, membrane transporters, DNA regulatory proteins |
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Definition
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| In order for a protein to change it's shape it needs? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| AMP - Adenosine monophosphate |
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Definition
| (ADP) Adenosine diphosphate |
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Term
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Definition
| (ATP) Adenosine triphosphate |
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| Catabolism is also known as? |
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Definition
ATP production
Adenosine triphosphate Production |
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Definition
| globular protein that acts as a catalysts |
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Term
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Definition
| ligand is a molecule that binds to another molecule |
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| A substrate is a ligand that bonds to ? |
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Definition
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| What can speed up or slow down reactions |
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Definition
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Definition
| allows only one type of chemical to come into the active site |
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Definition
| allows several different types of chemicals to come into the active site |
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Term
| 3 basic steps for enzyme mechanism |
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Definition
enzyme binds with a substrate at the active site
enzyme substrate complex is rearranged to form a product
the enzyme releases the product then goes back to it's original shape |
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Definition
| an enzyme helper such as copper, iron, and vitamins |
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Term
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Definition
"ase"
Kinase
Phosphatase
Peptidase
Dehydrogenase |
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Term
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Definition
| The degree to which a protein is attracted to a ligand |
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Term
| Enzyme activity deponds on |
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Definition
Proteolytic activation
Cofactors and coenzymes
Temperature
pH
competitive inhibitors
Allosteric modulators |
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