Term
Pectoralis major
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| clavicle (clavicular head), sternum, and costal cartilages of 2nd-6th ribs (sternocostal head) |
|
|
Term
Pectoralis major
distal attachment |
|
Definition
greater tubercle and intertubercular sulcus of humerus
|
|
|
Term
Pectoralis major
innervation |
|
Definition
| Medial and Lateral pectoral nerves (C5-T1) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ALL-adducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint, protracts scapula
CLAVICULAR-flex arm
STERNOCOSTAL-extends arm when flexed |
|
|
Term
Pectoralis minor
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pectorial minor
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| coracoid process of scapula |
|
|
Term
Pectoralis minor
innervation |
|
Definition
| Medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abduct and rotate scapula downward, elevate ribs during forced inhalation |
|
|
Term
Subscapularis
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| subscapular fossa of scapula |
|
|
Term
Subscapularis
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| lesser tubercle of humerus |
|
|
Term
Subscapularis
innervation |
|
Definition
| upper and lower subscapular nerve (C5,C6) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| medially rotates arm at shoulder joint |
|
|
Term
Serratus anterior
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Serratus anterior
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| vertebral border and inferior angle of scapula |
|
|
Term
Serratus anterior
innervation |
|
Definition
| long thoracic nerve (C5-C7) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abduct and rotate scapula upward, protract scapula |
|
|
Term
Subclavius
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Subclavius
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| depress and move clavicle anteriorly, stabilize pectoral girdle |
|
|
Term
Coracobrachialis
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| coracoid process of scapula |
|
|
Term
Corocobrachialis
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| middle of medial humeral shaft surface |
|
|
Term
Coracobrachialis
innervation |
|
Definition
| musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| flex and adduct arm at shoulder joint |
|
|
Term
Biceps brachii
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
LONG-supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
SHORT-coracoid process of scapula |
|
|
Term
Biceps brachii
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| bicipital tuberosity of radius and bicipital aponeurosis |
|
|
Term
Biceps brachii
innervation |
|
Definition
| musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| flex arm at shoulder, supinate forearm and flex it when supinated |
|
|
Term
Brachialis
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| distal anterior humeral surface |
|
|
Term
Brachialis
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| musculocutaneous and radial nerves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| flex arm in all positions |
|
|
Term
Triceps brachii
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
LONG-infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
LATERAL-lateral and posterior humeral surface proximal to radial groove
MEDIAL-posterior humerus surface distal to radial groove |
|
|
Term
Triceps brachii
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| olecranon process of ulna |
|
|
Term
Triceps brachii
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extand arm at shoulder, extend forearm |
|
|
Term
Anconeus
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| lateral humeral epicondyle |
|
|
Term
Anconeus
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| olecranon process and proximal ulna |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pronator teres
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| medial humeral epicondyle |
|
|
Term
Pronator teres
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| midlateral radial surface |
|
|
Term
Pronator teres
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pronate forearm, weak forearm flexion |
|
|
Term
Flexor carpi radialis
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| medial humeral epicondyle |
|
|
Term
Flexor carpi radialis
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Flexor carpi radialis
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Flexor carpi radialis
action |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Palmaris longus
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| medial humeral epicondyle |
|
|
Term
Palmaris longus
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Palmaris longus
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Flexor carpi ulnaris
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| medial humeral epicondyle and superior posterior ulna |
|
|
Term
Flexor carpi ulnaris
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| pisiform, hamate and 5th metacarpal |
|
|
Term
Flexor carpi ulnaris
action |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Flexor digitorum superficialis
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| medial humeral epicondyle, coronoid process of ulnar, and anterolateral radial surface |
|
|
Term
Flexor digitorum superficialis
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Flexor digitorum superficialis
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Flexor carpi ulnaris
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Flexor digitorum superficialis
action |
|
Definition
| flex PIPs and MCP joints of digit 2-5 |
|
|
Term
Flexor policis longus
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| anterior radial surface and interosseous membrane |
|
|
Term
Flexor policis longus
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Flexor policis longus
innervation |
|
Definition
| anterior interosseous nerve |
|
|
Term
Flexor policis longus
action |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Flexor digitorum profundus
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| anteromedial ulnar surface |
|
|
Term
Flexor digitorum profundus
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Flexor digitorum profundus
innervation |
|
Definition
| anterior interosseous nerve (lateral) and ulnar nerve (medial) |
|
|
Term
Flexor digitorum profundus
action |
|
Definition
| for digits 2-5: flex PIPs, DIPs, and MCP joints, flex hand |
|
|
Term
Pronator quadratus
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pronator quadratus
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pronator quadratus
innervation |
|
Definition
| anterior interosseous nerve |
|
|
Term
Pronator quadratus
action |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Brachioradialis
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus |
|
|
Term
Brachioradialis
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| styloid process of radialis |
|
|
Term
Brachioradialis
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| flex forearm, pronate and supinate to a neutral position |
|
|
Term
Extensor carpi radialis longus
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| lateral humeral epicondyle |
|
|
Term
Extensor carpi radialis longus
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Extensor carpi radialis longus
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Extensor carpi radialis longus
action |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| lateral humeral epicondyle |
|
|
Term
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Extensor carpis radialis brevis
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
action
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Abductor policis longus
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| mid-posterior radial and ulnar surfaces, interosseous membranes |
|
|
Term
Abductor policis longus
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Abductor policis longus
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Abductor policis longus
action |
|
Definition
| abduct and extend CM joint of digit 1, abduct wrist |
|
|
Term
Extensor policis brevis
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| mid-posterior radial surface, interosseous membrane |
|
|
Term
Extensor policis brevis
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Extensor policis brevis
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Extensor policis brevis
action |
|
Definition
| extend all joints of digit 1 and extend wrist |
|
|
Term
Extensor digitorum
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| lateral humeral epicondyle |
|
|
Term
Extensor digitorum
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| 2nd-5th distal and middle phalanges |
|
|
Term
Extensor digitorum
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Extensor digitorum
action |
|
Definition
| for digits 2-5: extend PIPs, DIPs and MCP joints, extend wrist |
|
|
Term
Extensor digiti minimi
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| lateral humeral epicondyle |
|
|
Term
Extensor digiti minimi
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Extensor digiti minimi
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Extensor digiti minimi
action |
|
Definition
| extend digit five at MCP, extend wrist |
|
|
Term
Extensor carpi ulnaris
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| lateral humeral epicondyle and posterior ulna |
|
|
Term
Extensor carpi ulnaris
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Extensor carpi ulnaris
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Extensor carpi ulnaris
action |
|
Definition
| extend and adduct the wrist |
|
|
Term
Extensor policis longus
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| mid-posterior ulnar surface, interosseous membrane |
|
|
Term
Extensor policis longus
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Extensor policis longus
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Extensor policis longus
action |
|
Definition
| for digit 1: extend all joints, abduct wrist |
|
|
Term
Extensor indicis
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Extensor indicis
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Extensor indicis
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extends PIPs, DIPs, and MCP joints of digit 2, extend wrist |
|
|
Term
Supinator
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| lateral humeral epicondyle and supinator crest of ulna |
|
|
Term
Supinator
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| proximal 1/3 of lateral radius |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Flexor policis brevis
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Flexor policis brevis
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Flexor policis brevis
innervation |
|
Definition
median nerve,recurrent branch
ulnar nerve, deep branch |
|
|
Term
Flexor policis brevis
action |
|
Definition
| flex thumb at CM and MCP joints |
|
|
Term
Abductor policis brevis
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Abductor policis brevis
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Abductor policis brevis
innervation |
|
Definition
| median nerve, recurrent branch |
|
|
Term
Flexor policis brevis
action |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Opponens policis
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Opponens policis
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Opponens policis innervation |
|
Definition
| median nerve, recurrent branch |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Adductor policis
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
OBLIQUE-capitate, 2nd and 3rd metacarpal
TRANSVERSE-3rd metalcarpal |
|
|
Term
Adductor policis
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Adductor policis
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adducts the thumb at all joints |
|
|
Term
Abductor digiti minimi
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Abductor digiti minimi
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Abductor digiti minimi
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Abductor digiti minimi
action |
|
Definition
| abduct and flex digit 5 at MCP joint |
|
|
Term
Flexor digiti minimi
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Flexor digiti minimi
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Flexor digiti minimi
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Flexor digiti minimi
action |
|
Definition
| flex digit 5 at CM and MCP joints |
|
|
Term
Opponens digiti minimi
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Opponens digiti minimi
innervation
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Opponens digiti minimi
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Opponens digiti minimi
action |
|
Definition
| oppose digit 5 at CM joint |
|
|
Term
Lumbricals
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| flexor digitorm profundus tendons |
|
|
Term
Lumbricals
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| 2nd-5th proximal phalanges |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| median nerve (1-2) and ulnar nerve, deep branch |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extend fingers at PIPs and DIPs, flex MCP joint |
|
|
Term
Palmar interossei (1-3)
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| sides of metacarpals 2,4,5 |
|
|
Term
Palmar interossei
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| 2nd-4th proximal phalanges |
|
|
Term
Palmar interossei
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adduct digits 2,4, and 5, aid lumbricals |
|
|
Term
Doral interossei (1-4)
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| adjacent sides of metacarpals |
|
|
Term
Dorsal interossei
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| 2nd, 4th and 5th proximal phalanges |
|
|
Term
Dorsal interossei
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abduct digits 2-4, aid lumbricals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tense skin of the neck, dram lower lip and corners of the mouth down |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| raises eyelids, wrinkles forehead |
|
|
Term
Orbicularis oculis
action |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| draws the corner of the mouth up and laterally (smiling) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| closed and protrudes the lips (puckering) |
|
|
Term
Levator anguli oris
action |
|
Definition
| elevates the corners of the mouth |
|
|
Term
Levator labii superioris
action |
|
Definition
| raises the upper lip (sneer) |
|
|
Term
Depressor anguli oris
action |
|
Definition
| draws the corner of the mouth down and laterally (frowning) |
|
|
Term
Depressor labii inferioris
action |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| presses cheeks against teeth (sucking) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| protrudes lower lip (pouting) |
|
|
Term
Temporalis
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| superior temporal line of temproal bone |
|
|
Term
Temporalis
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| coronoid process of mandible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CN V3 mandibular division of trigeminal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elevate and retract mandible |
|
|
Term
Masseter
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| maxilla and zygomatic arch |
|
|
Term
Masseter
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| mandibular angle and ramus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CN V3 mandibular branch of trigeminal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Medial pterygoid
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| lateral pterygoid process of spenoid bone |
|
|
Term
Medial pterygoid
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| medial surface of madibular angle and ramus |
|
|
Term
Medial pterygoid
innervation |
|
Definition
| CN V3 mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elevate and protract mandible, mediolaterally swing mandible |
|
|
Term
Lateral pterygoid
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| lateral pterygoid process of sphenoid bone |
|
|
Term
Lateral pterygoid
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| medial surface of mandibular condyle |
|
|
Term
Lateral pterygoid
innervation |
|
Definition
| CN V3 mandibular branch of trigmenial nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| depress and protract mandible, mediolaterally swing mandible |
|
|
Term
Sternocleidomastoid
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sternocleidomastoid
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| mastoid process of temporal bone |
|
|
Term
Sternocleidomastoid
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sternocleidomastoid
action |
|
Definition
ALONE-lateral flex neck and rotate head to opposite side
TOGETHER-flex neck |
|
|
Term
Scalenes
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Scalenes
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Omohyoid
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Omohyoid
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| C1-C3 nerves via ansa cervicalis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sternohyoid
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sternohyoid
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| C1-C3 nerves via ansa cervicalis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sternothyroid
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sternothyroid
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sternothyroid
innervation |
|
Definition
| C1-C3 nerves via ansa cervicalis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Thyrohyoid
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Thyrohyoid
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| C1 spinal nerve via CN 12 (hypoglossal) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elevate larynx, depress hyoid |
|
|
Term
Mylohyoid
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Mylohyoid
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CN V3 mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elevate hyoid and floor of mouth, depress mandible |
|
|
Term
Geniohyoid
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Geniohyoid
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| C1 spinal never via CN 12 (hypoglossal) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elevates hyoid, depresses mandible |
|
|
Term
Disgastric
proximal attachment
|
|
Definition
ANTERIOR-inside of mandible
POSTERIOR-mastoid process of temporal bone |
|
|
Term
Digastric
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| tendon between the two bellies of the hyoid bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTERIOR- CN V3
POSTERIOR- CN 7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTERIOR-opens mouth/depressed mandible and raises hyoid
POSTERIOR-pulls hyoid up and posteriorly |
|
|
Term
Stylohyoid
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Stylohyoid
distal attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elevate hyoid and draw it posteriorly |
|
|
Term
External intercostals
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| inferior border of rib above |
|
|
Term
External intercostals
distal attachments |
|
Definition
| superior body of rib below |
|
|
Term
External intercostals
innervation |
|
Definition
| intercostal nerve (T1-T11) |
|
|
Term
External intercostals
action |
|
Definition
| elevates ribs during inhalation |
|
|
Term
Internal intercostals
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| costal groove of rib above |
|
|
Term
Internal intercostals
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| superior boder of rib below |
|
|
Term
Internal intercostals
innervation |
|
Definition
| intercostal nerves (T1-T11) |
|
|
Term
Internal intercostals
action |
|
Definition
| depresses ribs during exhalation |
|
|
Term
Innermost intercostals
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| costal groove of rib above |
|
|
Term
Innermost intercostals
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| superior border of rib below |
|
|
Term
Innermost intercostals
innervation |
|
Definition
| intercostal nerves (T1-T11) |
|
|
Term
Innermost intercostals
action |
|
Definition
| depresses ribs during exhalation |
|
|
Term
Transversus thoracis
proximal attachment |
|
Definition
| internal surface of ribs 2-6 |
|
|
Term
Transversus thoracis
distal attachment |
|
Definition
| sternal body and xiphoid process |
|
|
Term
Transversus thoracis
innervation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Transversus thoracis
action |
|
Definition
|
|
