Term
| upper cheek and upper lip (jaw) |
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Definition
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Term
| lower jawbone and chin; moveable jaw |
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Definition
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Term
| ossicles located in the sutures or fontanelles; assoc w/ T 21, hypothyroidism |
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Definition
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Term
abnormal prominence of the frontal bones; rare assoc. with bony dysplasias,
achondroplasia, and craniosyntosis syndromes |
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Definition
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Term
| abnormally small distance between the orbits; associated with alobar holoprosencephaly, cyclopia, ethmocephaly, cebocephaly |
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Definition
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Term
| widely spaced eyes; may result from abnormal migration of the eyes from their embryologic lateral position |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| single midline eye with failed development of the nose with or without a proboscis |
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Definition
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Term
| hypotelorism with failed development of the nose and a proboscis |
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Definition
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Term
| hypotelerism and poorly developed nose with a single nostril |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| posteriorly displaced chin |
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Definition
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Term
| micrognathia and retrognathia occur together; associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann, T 18, T 13, if interferes with fetal swallowing, polyhydramnios may result, after birth may have feeding problems or airway management problems |
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Definition
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Term
| is a condition in which the tissue on one side of the face is underdeveloped, affecting primarily the aural (ear), oral (mouth), and mandibular (jaw) areas. Sometimes, both sides of the face can be affected and may involve the skull, as well as the face. |
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Definition
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Term
| divided into two embryonic palate structures: primary and secondary |
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Definition
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Term
| maxillary tooth bearing arc |
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Definition
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Term
| has an anterior bony segment and a posterior soft tissue segment. |
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Definition
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Term
| posterior portion of the secondary palate made of soft tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 causes of facial abnormalities |
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Definition
| chromosomal abnormalities (T 13, T 18, T 21), syndromes, drug exposure |
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Term
| When do the 5 prominences become identifiable? |
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Definition
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Term
| Between what weeks of gestation is the face developed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 5 prominences? |
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Definition
| frontal nasal prominence, paired maxillary prominences, paired mandibular prominences |
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Term
| What forms the upper boundary of the stomodeum? |
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Definition
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Term
| What forms the lateral boundaries of the stomodeum? |
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Definition
| paired maxillary prominences |
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Term
| What forms the caudal boundary of the stomodeum? |
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Definition
| paired mandibular prominences |
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Term
| What 5 things limit US eval of the fetal face? |
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Definition
| bone shadowing, poor fetal position, oligohydramnios, maternal obesity, hyperactivity |
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Term
| In what plane do we take the nose/lips image? |
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Definition
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Term
| an abnormally enlarged tongue |
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Definition
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Term
| a herniation of intracranial structures including brain tissue through a defect in the cranium |
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Definition
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Term
| a heterogeneous group of disorders in which there is premature fusion of one or several of the cranial sutures |
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Definition
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Term
| a condition with union of the ears on the front of the neck; caused by the failure of the ascent of the auricles during embryologic development |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the incidence of clefting? |
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Definition
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Term
| What ethnicity has the highest incidence of clefting? |
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Definition
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Term
| What ethnicity has the lowest incidence of clefting? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is clefting more common in males or females? |
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Definition
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Term
| What anomalies are associated with clefting? |
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Definition
| T13, T18, also those involving the heart and CNS; may be hereditary |
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Term
| MC congenital anomaly of the face |
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Definition
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Term
| occurs because of failure of fusion of maxillary prominences with nasal prominence on one or both sides |
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Definition
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Term
| occurs when the maxilla and the primary and secondary palates fail to fuse |
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Definition
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Term
| involves lip nose and primary palate |
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Definition
| isolated complete cleft lip/palate |
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Term
| involves the medial part of the lip and alveolar ridge, the premaxilla is a "mass" below the nose OR more extensively involves the secondary hard palate |
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Definition
| bilateral cleft lip/palate |
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Term
| What side do unilateral cleft lip/palates usually occur on? |
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Definition
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Term
| This cleft type has a lesser segment and a greater segment |
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Definition
| unilateral cleft lip/palate |
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Term
| this type of cleft lip/palate may be symmetrical or asymmetrical |
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Definition
| bilateral cleft lip/palate |
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Term
| This cleft type is a classic finding of alobar holoprosencephaly |
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Definition
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Term
| this type of clefting has a small head size for dates and hypotelerism (unless not holopro) |
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Definition
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Term
| This is a classification system for clefting that relates the cleft to the mouth, nose and eye sockets; numbered 1 to 14; may involve soft tissues or skeleton |
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Definition
| Tessier Cleft classification |
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Term
| This type of cleft is associated with amniotic band syndrome and is very rare |
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Definition
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Term
| In what neck anomaly is there a potential for regression? |
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Definition
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Term
| a lymphatic malformation that is a septated fluid collection behind the fetal neck and is highly assoc with Turner Syndrome |
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Definition
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Term
| A nuchal fold thickness greater than 6mm at what weeks is abnormal? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a thickened nuchal fold associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the caliper placement to measure the nuchal fold? |
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Definition
| ML from outer edge of occipital bone to the outer edge of the skin |
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Term
| the fluid collection that forms posterior to the fetal neck early in development |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a thickened NT associated with? |
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Definition
| aneuploidy, cardiac defects, major malformations and adverse pregnancy outcome |
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Term
| rare and most often related to maternal thyroid disease such as Graves or Hashimoto's Thyroiditis |
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Definition
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Term
| What complications can result from fetal goiter? |
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Definition
| hyperextension of the neck; impaired swallowing and polyhydramnios as a result as well as difficult delivery |
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Term
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Definition
| teratomas (especially at sacrum or coccyx) |
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Term
| approximately 5% are cervical and occur equally in males and females |
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Definition
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Term
| approximately 5% are cervical and occur equally in males and females |
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Definition
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Term
| Sono appearance: cystic, solid (with vascular flow), calcifications |
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Definition
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Term
| What complications may a cervical teratoma cause? |
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Definition
| impaired swallowing, so polyhydramnios; thyroid involvement; impinge on airway; hyperextension |
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Term
| teratoma of the oropharynx that often protrude from the mouth |
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Definition
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Term
| What procedure may be required at delivery if the airway is obstructed from the teratoma |
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Definition
| EXIT (ex utero intrapartum treatment) procedure |
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Term
| a complex procedure involving a c-section that allows the maternal-fetal circulation through the placenta to be maintained until the baby's airway can be secured |
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Definition
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Term
| cylindrical protuberance of the face that in cyclopia represents the nose |
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Definition
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Term
| hyperechoic circular shape with an anechoic center in the orbits |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| abnormal protrusion of brain and or meninges through a defect in the frontal region of the fetal head; more common in southeast asia |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| lateral border or orbit to lateral border of other orbit |
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Term
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Definition
| inner border of one orbit to inner orbit of the other orbit |
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Term
| obstruction of the nasolacrimal ducts |
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Definition
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Term
| the helix joining the cranium at a level below a horizontal plane through the inner canthi (meeting of the upper and lower lids) of the eyes |
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Definition
| low set ears (associated with trisomies and syndromes) |
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