Term
| When do workers begin to show a strong interest in joining a union: |
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Definition
• workplace relations are bad
• management is not trustworthy
• workers feel they have little influence over decisions affecting them. |
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Term
| A study of unions in 114 companies concluded that: |
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Definition
• Unions do make a difference in wages, across all studies and all time periods.
• The size of the gap varies from year to year. |
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Term
| Statistics reveal that the presence of a union adds what percent to employee benefits |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| • Wage structures that differentiate pay for the same jobs based on hiring date. |
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Term
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Definition
| • The fact that improvements obtained in unionized firms “spill over” to nonunion firms seeking ways to lessen workers’ incentives for organizing a union. |
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Term
| What is the goal of unions?: |
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Definition
| Is to secure sound, stable income levels for the membership. |
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Term
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Definition
| • it is the degree to which individuals are supposed to look after themselves or remain integrated into groups, usually around the family. |
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Term
| What countries have the highest number of people in the workforce in unions?: |
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Definition
• Sweden
• United Kingdom
• Italy |
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Term
Japanese Traditional National System
Japan’s employment relationships are supported by?: |
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Definition
• “Three Pillars”
o Lifetime security within the company
o Seniority-based pay and promotion systems
o enterprise unions |
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Term
| The Pay objectives in traditional German systems include: |
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Definition
• Mutual long-term commitment
• Security
• Egalitarian pay structures
• Cost control through tariff agreements, which apply to competitors labor costs too. |
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Term
| External competitiveness in the United States is: |
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Definition
• Market determined.
• Compete on variable and performance-based pay. |
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Term
| Third-country nationals (TCNs): |
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Definition
• Expatriates who are citizens of neither the employer’s parent country nor the foreign country where they are living and working.
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Term
| What does the executive branch of the federal government enforce?: |
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Definition
| • Laws through agencies and its other bodies. |
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Term
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Definition
| • Executives cannot retain bonuses or profits from selling company stock if they mislead the public about the financial health of the company. |
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Term
| Which occupational groups are categorized as “exempt”?: |
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Definition
• Executive
• Administrative
• Professional
• Computer & Outside Sales Employees
• Highly Compensated |
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Term
| Act requiring employers to give employees breaks during the workday? |
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Definition
Occupational Safety and Health Administration legislation
•Portal-to-Portal Act |
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Term
| What was the ADEA Act amended to include?: |
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Definition
| • The Older Workers Benefit Protection Act |
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Term
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Definition
| • Prohibits discrimination by federal contractors and subcontractors in all employment practices on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. |
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Term
| What are major factors used to manage total labor costs?: |
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Definition
• Employment
• Average cash compensation
• Average benefits costs. |
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Term
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Definition
• A growing workforce that includes flexible workers, temporaries, part-time, employees, and independent contractors whose employment is of limited duration.
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Term
| What is the “turnover effect”?: |
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Definition
| • The downward pressure on average wage that results from the replacement of high-wage-earning employees with workers earning a lower wage. |
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Term
| Consumer Price Index (CPI): |
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Definition
• A measure of the changes in prices in a fixed market basket of goods and services purchased by a hypothetical average family. Not an absolute measure of living costs; rather, a measure of how fast costs are changing.
—Glossary
• Measures changes in prices over time. Changes indicate only whether prices have increased more or less rapidly in an area since the base period. |
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Term
| Which forms of executive compensation is most likely to be involved in unethical practices? |
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Definition
| • Performance-based pay, misusing and even failing to understand survey statistics, manipulating job evaluations, peer-company competitive data, masking overtime and pay discrimination violations, failure to understand that correlation does not mean causation, and recommending pay programs without addressing their expected costs and returns |
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Term
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Definition
| • Pay rates that are above the maximum rate for a job or pay range for a grade. |
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Term
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Definition
| • Employees can access their personal information, make choices about which health care coverage they prefer, allocate savings between growth or value investment funds, access vacation schedules, or check out a list of child or elder care service providers. |
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Term
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Definition
| On the one side versus its opposite, collectivism, |
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Term
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Definition
| • Have employment agreements that may cover only short, specific time periods. The can be employees, but can also be independent contractors/vendors or may be employed by staffing services firms/vendors. |
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Term
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Definition
| Many employers achieve flexibility and control labor costs by expanding or contracting this. |
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Term
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Definition
| Employees of the U.S. foreign subsidiary who maintain citizenship in a country other than the United States or the host country. Compensation is tied to comparative wages in the local country, the United States, or the country of citizenship. |
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