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| one of 88 areas into which the sky has been divided for convenience in referring to the stars or other objects therin |
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| the hypothetical sphere centered at the center of the earth to which it appears that he stars are affixed |
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| Celestial longitude, measured eastward along the celestial equator in hours of time from the vernal equinox |
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| Celestial latitude, measured in degrees north or south of the celestial equator |
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| the intersection of the celestial sphere with the axis of rotation of the Earth |
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| the intersection of the celestial sphere with the axix of the rotation of the earth |
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| the equinox crossed by the sun as it moves to northern decliations |
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| of the two locations in the sky where the ecliptic crosses the celestial equator, the one that the sun passes each year when moving from northern to southern declinations |
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| a day with respect to the stars |
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| a full rotation with respect to the sun |
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| the calendar in current use, with normal years that are 365 days long, with leap years every 4th year except for years that are divisible by 100 but not by 400 |
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| a star approximately at a celestial pole; Polaris is now the pole star; there is no south pole star. |
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| Of a sunspot, the dark central region; (b) of an eclipse shadow, the part from which the sun cannot be seen at all. |
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| For an eclipse, the part of the shadow from which the sun is only partially occulted; (b) of a sunspot, the outer region, not as dark as the umbra. |
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| Beads of light visible around the rim of the moon at the beginning and end of a total solar eclipse. They result from the solar photosphere shining through valleys at the edge of the moon. |
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| The last bailey’s bead glowing brightly at the beginning of the total phase of a solar eclipse, or its counterpart at the end of totality. |
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| A solar eclipse at which the moon is too small in angular size to cover the solar photosphere, leaving a ring (annulus) of bright photosphere showing. Annular eclipses are visible at about the same rate as total solar eclipses: about every 18 months. The corona is not visible at annular eclipses, because too much bright photosphere remains. |
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| the orbiting of one body around another |
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| the plane of the earth's orbit around the sun |
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| the rotation of a moon or planet opposite to the dominant direction in which the sun rotates and the planets orbit and rotate |
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| the tides at their highest, when the Earth, moon and sun are in a line (from "to spring up") |
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| the tides when the gravitational pulls of sun and moon are perpendicular, making them relatively low |
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| the lowest level of atmosphere of the Earth and some other planets, in which all weather takes place |
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| One of the smooth areas on the moon or on some of the planets |
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| sinuous depressions on the lunar surface, apparently volcanic, perhaps huge collapsed lava tubes or lava channels |
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| the line between night and day on a moon or planet; the edge of the part that is lighted by the sun |
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