Term
|
Definition
| Acts on anterior pituitary to release specific hormones. |
|
|
Term
| Thyroxine (T3,T4) hormone effect? |
|
Definition
| Increases rate of cellular metabolism. |
|
|
Term
| Calcitonin hormone effect? |
|
Definition
| osteoblastic; lowers serum choleterol |
|
|
Term
| What are the thyroids 2 hormones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Parathyroid hormone effect? |
|
Definition
| Osteoclastic; raises serum choleterol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Promotes use of glucose; lowers serum glucose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Promotes use of glycogen; raises serum glucose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inhibits insulin and glucagon secretion |
|
|
Term
| What are the pancreatic islets of Langerhans hormones? |
|
Definition
| Insulin, glucagon, somatostatin |
|
|
Term
| What are the posterior pituitary hormones? |
|
Definition
| antidiuretic and oxytocin |
|
|
Term
| Antidiuretic hormone effect? |
|
Definition
| Causes conservation of body water by promoting water reabsorption by renal tubules. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stimulates urine contraction and lactation. |
|
|
Term
| Anterior pituitary hormones? |
|
Definition
| ACTH, MSH, GH, TSH, FSH, LH |
|
|
Term
| Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) effect? |
|
Definition
| Stimulates production of glucocorticoids by adrenal cortex |
|
|
Term
| Melanocyte-stimulating hormone effect? |
|
Definition
| stimulates pigment production in the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Promotes growth of the body tissues |
|
|
Term
| Thyroid stimulating hormone? |
|
Definition
| Stimulates production and release of thyroid hormones |
|
|
Term
| follicle-stimulating hormone effect? |
|
Definition
| Initiates maturation of ovarian follicles; stimulates spermatogenesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stimulates secretion of breast milk |
|
|
Term
| Luteinizing hormone effect? |
|
Definition
| Causes ovulation and stimulates the ovary to produce estrogen and progesterone; stimulates androgen production by interstital cells of the testes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Glucocorticoids, mostly cortisol, mineralocorticoids, mostly aldosterone, androgens and estrogens |
|
|
Term
| Glucocorticoids, mostly cortisol effects? |
|
Definition
| Antagonize effects of insulin;inhibit inflammatory response and fibroblastic activity |
|
|
Term
| Mineralocorticoids, mostly aldosterone effect? |
|
Definition
| promote retention of sodium by renal tubules |
|
|
Term
| Androgens and estrogens effect? |
|
Definition
| cause of development of secondary sex characteristics |
|
|
Term
| Catecholamines (epinephrine andnorepinephrine) effects? |
|
Definition
| Regulate blood pressure by effects on vascular smooth muscle and heart |
|
|
Term
| Disease of the posterior pituitary are rare, but are usually related to ____________? |
|
Definition
| Abnormal antidiuretic hormone secretion |
|
|
Term
| Tumor associated with SIADH? |
|
Definition
| oat cell carcinoma of the lung, carcinoma of the duodenum and pancreas, leukemia, lymphoma and Hodgkin disease |
|
|
Term
| Diabetes insipidus is related to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Symptoms of insufficiency of ADH? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Two forms of diabetes insipidus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Neurogenic diabetes insipidus description? |
|
Definition
| occurs when any organic lesion of the hypothalamus, infundibular stem or posterior pituitary interferes with ADH synthesis |
|
|
Term
| Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus description? |
|
Definition
| insensitiity of the renal tubules to ADH |
|
|
Term
| Anterior pituitary hypofunction may develop from? |
|
Definition
| infarction of the gland, removal or destruction of the gland, space-occupying pituitary adenomas or aneurysms that compress secreting pituitary cells |
|
|
Term
| hyperfunction of the anterior pituitary generally involves? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| panhypopituitarism develops when? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Growth hormone deficiency in children _______________ may occur? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pituitary adenomas usually are benign and occur where? |
|
Definition
| in the cells of the anterior pituitary |
|
|
Term
| Constant elevated levels of growth hormone can cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Increased growth hormone in children when the epiphyseal plates have not yet closed may cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common active pituitary tumor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Thyroid hormones from any source exerting greater than normal responses what happens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____________ can cause hyperthyroidism? |
|
Definition
| Graves disease, toxic multinodualr goiter, toxic adenoma, follicular thyroid carcinoma, TSH secreting pituitary adenomas |
|
|
Term
| The most common cause of hyperthyroidism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| weight gain, cold intolerance, constipation |
|
|
Term
| hyperthyroidism symptoms? |
|
Definition
| weight loss, heat intolerance and diarrhea |
|
|
Term
| Enlarged thyroid gland in response to demand for TH? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acute thyroiditis description? |
|
Definition
| caused by a bacterial infection of the thyroid gland (rare condition) |
|
|
Term
| Subcacute thyroiditis description? |
|
Definition
| nonbacterial inflammation of the thyroid that frequently is preceded by a viral infection |
|
|
Term
| Autoimmune thyroiditis is also known as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when circulating thyroid antibodies and infiltration of lymphocytes destroy thyroid tissue |
|
|
Term
| Characteristic sign of severe or longstanding adult hypothyroidism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Primary hyperparathyroidism disorders result from? |
|
Definition
| failed feedback mechanisms that cause an increased secretion of parathyroid hormone |
|
|
Term
| causes of secondary hyperparathyroidism? |
|
Definition
| chronic kidney disease or malabsorption |
|
|
Term
| Over secretion of parathyroid hormone results in? |
|
Definition
|
|
