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Definition
| General Grants aggressive tactics for subduing the confederacy. Gen William Tecumseh Sherman leads a force of 100,00 men on a campaign of destruction throughout the state of Georgia and swept into South Carolina. Destroying anything in their path burning fields and pouring salt on soil. |
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| "Tippecanoe and Tyler too" |
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Definition
| Political rallying cry for the whigs in 1840, the whigs had nominated William Henry Harrison for president a war hero from the battle of Tippecanoe. |
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Definition
| Slogan for those wanting to take Oregon 54 40' was the line of latitude where people wanted the border of Oregon to be. Did not want to settle for anything else. |
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Definition
| Major political figure who emerged during the debate over Constitution. Leader of the federalists and author of federalist papers, served as secretary of treasury under Washington. Most notable for the creation of the Bank of the United States. |
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| Andrew Jackson's Election |
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Definition
| A strong leader Jackson would dominate politics for eight years and was a symbol of the working class and middle class, supported by much of the United States. |
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Term
| Andrew Jackson's Presidential Issues |
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Definition
| The Presidency of Andrew Jackson is filled with issues among them are the Peggy Eaton affair, Indian Removal Act, Nullification Crisis, and the bank veto. |
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Term
| Attack on Washington D.C War of 1812 |
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Definition
| Was an attack during the War of 1812 between British forces and the United States after a defeat in battle at Bladensburg british forces occupy Washington D.C setting fire to building including the White House. |
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Definition
| In 1676 a Virginia frontiersmen seeking assist with a clash with Native americans demanded help from the government but they refused. Bacon and men stormed Jamestown and the rebellion collapsed,Colonial rebellion against government. |
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Definition
| 1815 a large British invasion was repelled by Andrew Jackson's troops at New Orleans. 2500 British soldiers were killed or captured and only 8 American soldiers were killed. The victory inspired American nationalism. |
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Definition
| Americans vs Shawnee Indians, led by governor William Henry Harrison the citizens defeated the natives. |
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Definition
| General Grant leads union forces into the Battle and defeats two confederate armies and destroy the city, leading to the complete control of the Mississippi river. |
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Definition
| Violent events involving abolitionists and pro-slavery Americans, took place in the Kansas territory and foreshadowed the coming civil war. |
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Term
| Causes of The War of 1812 |
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Definition
| British ships were capturing American sailors and forcing them to join the British navy, Chesapeake-Leopard Affair british ships attack USS Chesapeake. |
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Definition
| Republican idealist who pushed for black suffrage during the Reconstruction as a principle of black freedom and equality. |
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Definition
| The President of the union was Abraham Lincoln and the President of the confederacy was Jefferson Davis. |
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Definition
| Acts committed by the British as punishment for the Boston Tea Party, closed the port of Boston until damage was repaid. |
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Definition
| California would be admitted as a free states, Texas gives up its claims to lands with New Mexico, slave trade in Washington D.C banned, in the South popular sovereignty in the Mexican Cession lands. Texas would be paid 10 million and tougher fugitive slave laws. |
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Definition
| Robert E Lee lead commander and Stonewall Jackson Lee's 2nd in command. |
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Definition
| South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. |
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Definition
| Machine invented by Eli Whitney that separates seeds from raw cotton and increased development and expanded slavery. |
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Term
| Creation of the Federal Court System |
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Definition
| Judiciary Act of 1789 that created the federal court system and managed to quiet popular apprehension by establishing a federal district in each state. |
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Term
| Declaration of Independence |
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Definition
| Document was approved by Congress July 4, 1776 drafted by Thomas Jefferson it formalized the colonist separation from Britain and laid out values of natural rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. |
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Term
| Differences in the sections |
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Definition
| North was industrialized, urbanized and built factories, the deep south concentrated on agriculture based on slave labor, with subsistence farming for poor whites, citizens of the west felt they were exploited by railroads. |
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Definition
| New England teacher and author who spoke against inhumane treatment of insane prisoners. Helped gather information on insanity leading to the discovery of insanity was a disease of the mind. |
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Definition
| Black slave who lived in free territory and sued for his freedom on the basis of where he had lived. The Supreme Court ruled that Dred Scott was a black save and not a citizen. |
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Term
| Early Colleges in America |
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Definition
| Early colleges in America were often Universities established by certain religious groups like catholics etc, Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Columbia University, University of Pennsylvania, Brown, Rutgers and Dartmouth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Early settlements in the new world first began on the island of Roanoke the attempt to establish a colony failed, then lead to the creation of Jamestown. Plymouth Colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony. |
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Term
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Definition
| Juan Ponce de Leon, Francisco Pizzaro, Hernan Cortes, Francisco Vazquez de Coronado, Hernando de Soto, Vasco Nunez de Balboa, and Amerigo Vespucci. |
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Definition
| The great equalizer no intelligent citizens made a stupid government, but was disliked by south because they believed if slaves had knowledge they would revolt. |
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Definition
| Jefferson and Burr tied for electoral votes, Hamilton supported Jefferson which would give Jefferson the win over burr. The political power had shifted between parties peacefully. |
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Term
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Definition
| None of the candidates won majority so House of Representatives and to chose among Adams, Jackson, and Clay, Clay would drop out the race and urge his supporters to vote for Adams. |
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Term
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Definition
| Most controversial presidential elections in American history, the results remain the most disputed ever, the victory of Rutherford Hayes would lead to the end of reconstruction. |
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Term
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Definition
| Creator of the cotton gin and interchangeable parts. |
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Term
| Emancipation Proclamation |
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Definition
| After victory at Antietam Lincoln announces slaves of the rebelling states free, would denounce any alliances with foreign power and confederacy; no foreign power wanted to fight a war over slavery. |
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Term
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Definition
| The combined efforts of Union forces lead to the hunger through the South during the winter of 1864-1865. Political change, civil liberties, political dominance of the north, and economic change. |
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Term
| Foreign Troops throughout American Revolution |
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Definition
| Throughout the Revolutionary War the French, Spain, and the Netherlands helped in our fight for freedom. |
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Definition
| Lawyer and poet of the 18th century who wrote "The Star Spangled Banner". |
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Term
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Definition
| The frontier war was with the removal of Natives Americans, as the whites push deeper into the frontier, the Indians fought for their culture. |
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Definition
| Law making it a crime to assist runaway slaves. |
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Definition
| Treaty in which the US bought parts of Mexico in lands that are now southern Arizona and southern New Mexico. Americans wanted this land to build a southern transcontinental railroad. |
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Definition
| Congress passes the homestead act offering 160 acres of free land to any citizen who was head of the household. |
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Definition
| Practice of capturing sailors and forcing them into military service. |
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Definition
| Change from a agricultural to an industrial society and relied on factory production. |
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Definition
| Vital role in establishment of new government of the government, author of the Federalists Papers, involved in the drafting of the consitution. |
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Definition
| Took office after the death of William Henry Harrison was democratic but changed to the whig party. |
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Definition
| American actor who assassinated Lincoln at Ford's Theatre in Washington D'C |
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Definition
| Lead puritans to the New World was elected governor on April 8, 1630 of the Massachusetts bay . |
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Term
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Definition
| Supreme Court has the power to decide if a law is or is not constructional, accepted as a result of the case of Marbury v. Madison |
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Term
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Definition
| Act set up Kansas and Nebraska as states and each state would use popular sovereignty to decide on the issue about slavery. Would led to Bloody Kansas. |
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Term
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Definition
| Series of debates the two argued about important issues of the day popular sovereignty, lecompton constitution and the Dred Scott case. Douglas would win the debates but Lincoln's position in those debates would help with the presidential election. |
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Term
| Major authors of the 19th Century |
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Definition
| Charles Dickens, Walt Whitman, Edgar Allan Poe, Washington Irving, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau |
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Definition
| Fort Sumter/Confederate W, Bull Run/Confederate W, Shilo/Union Victory, Fredericksburg/Confederate W, CHancellorsville/Confederate W, Gettysburg/Union W, Vicksburg/Union W, Appomattox/Lee is forced to surrender. |
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Term
| Major Generals of Mexican War |
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Definition
| General Stephen Kearney, Zachary Taylor, General Winfield Scott. |
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Definition
| Popular idea that America was destined to expand "sea to sea" |
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Definition
| William Marbury promised a job by President Adams but refused by Jefferson, Supreme Court ruled it unconstitutional established judicial review. |
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Definition
| Maryland attempted to tax the national bank and Supreme Court ruled that federal law stronger than state law |
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Definition
| Admitted Missouri as a slave state, Maine as a free state and drew the 36 30' line between free and slave states. |
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Definition
| Statement of foreign policy which proclaimed Europe should not interfere with affairs of the United States or interfere with the development of countries in the Western Hemisphere. |
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Definition
| Church founded by Joseph smith in 1830 with capital in Salt Lake City, Utah. Brigham Young was the successor of Joseph Smith and responsible for the establishment in Utah. |
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Definition
| Slaves wanted freedom Turner attacked whites in Southampton County 70 slaves & 55 whites killed, was executed.Lead to tighter slave codes |
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Term
| Native America Settlement of North America |
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Definition
| Indians had lived in North America prior to the arrival of English settlers, and were relentlessly pushed Indians further into east leading to their demise and colonization. |
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Term
| North Advantages/Disadvantages of Civil War |
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Definition
| north had been industrialized, better prepared for war, better transportation but lacked strong military commanders like the South had. |
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Term
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Definition
| John C. Calhoun believed states had the right to disregard federal laws |
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Definition
| American who urged colonists to take arms against the British famous for "Give me Liberty or give me death!" |
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Term
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Definition
| This convention lead to the present constitution of the United States which was drafted largely by James Madison |
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Term
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Definition
| Concept that political power rests within the people who can create, alter and abolish government. |
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Term
| Power of Congress under Articles of Confederation |
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Definition
| Congress had the powers necessary for the mutual defense of the United States did not grant Congress the powers necessary for the effective governance of the US. |
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Term
| Presidents who died in Office |
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Definition
| WIlliam Henry Harrison, Zachary Taylor, Abraham Lincoln, William McKinley, Warren G. Harding, Franklin D. Roosevelt, John F. Kennedy |
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Definition
| Was created to alleviate relations with natives after the French and Indian War, told Americans that they were not permitted to pass the Appalachian Mtns. |
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Term
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Definition
| Main goal was revenue and designed to protect small industries. Was imposed by Hamilton to support in Industrialization of the United States. |
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Term
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Definition
| Period after the Civil War where Northern political leaders planned for the reconstruction of the South and procedure of southern states rejoining the Union. |
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Term
| Results of the French and Indian War |
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Definition
| Part of the Seven Years War in Europe, Britain and France fought for control of the Ohio Valley and Canada. Native Americans allied themselves with the French except for the Iroquois Nation who allied with the British, colonists fought under British commanders. Lead to the Proclamation of 1763 |
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Term
| Revolution War Turning Points |
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Definition
| The Battle of Saratoga was the turning point of the American Revolution, and lead to alliance with France against the British. Re-invigorating the Continental Army providing support and supplies. |
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Term
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Definition
| Father of American industrialization because he brought textile technology to America. |
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Term
| Secession of Southern States |
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Definition
| After the election of Abraham Lincoln, seven states chose to secede. All in order South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana and Texas. |
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Term
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Definition
| Georgia served as a buffer between the Carolinas and the then Spanish held Florida, military style colony but served as a haven for the poor. |
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Term
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Definition
| Americas were granted permission from the Mexican government to land in Texas, lead to groups of Americans flocking to Texas. |
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Term
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Definition
| Slave trade involved trade of rum/sugar/gold to Africa, in exchange for slaves on the coast of Africa. |
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Term
| Slavery in English Colonies |
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Definition
| Largely proposed for the need of colonies labor, especially agricultural labor. Most slaves that were imported were from the Caribbean, as a result from the Atlantic slave trade. |
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Definition
| Radical organization for colonial independence which formed after the Stamp Act lead to destruction of british policies. |
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Term
| Southern Strategy of Civil War |
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Definition
| The south needed a quick war to be formidable, did not have the supplies necessary for a long war, with skilled military commanders could lead to victory. |
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Definition
| Spanish fleet that was conquered by smaller and swifter English ships, ended the Spanish imperial creams and ensured English naval dominance. |
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Definition
| Machine used to communicate over a distance in Morse Code. |
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Term
| Thomas Jefferson's Presidential Issues |
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Definition
| Thomas Jefferson believed in manifest destiny but was limited because of his strong constitutional beliefs, did Jefferson have the power to add new lands. Jefferson tried methods for overturning Federalists measures and appointments. |
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Term
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Definition
| Created common sense exhorting Americans to rise against the british government and establish a new government based on enlightenment ideas. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ended the War of 182 restored lands captured to the United States and settled disputed Canada/U.S Border. |
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Term
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
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Definition
| Ended Mexican-American war; Mexico would give up claims to land in Texas and California for 15 Million. |
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Definition
| Treaty in which British formally recognized the independence of the United states and granted boundaries, Americans could no longer persecute Loyalists and had to pay their debts to them. |
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Term
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Definition
| Agreement with Portugal and Spain which declared lands to west of the imaginary line in the Atlantic Ocean would belong to Spain and east of the line would belong to Portugal. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ships from New England sail to Africa and exchange rum for slaves, slaves shipped to caribbean, in the caribbean slaves were traded for sugar and molasses and ships returned to England, where the molasses were used to make rum. |
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Term
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Definition
| Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe and influenced view on American deep south and slavery, promoting aoblition. |
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Term
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Definition
| Network of abolitionists that helped slaves escape to freedom by setting places and routes to the North with assistance. |
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Term
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Definition
| People who were eager for war with Britain and wanted to take over British lands in North American and expand into Canada, destroy Native American resistance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Farmers in Pennsylvania rebelled against Hamilton's tax on whiskey, federal office were killed riots for attempting to serve warrants on the offenders. The army led by Washington put down the rebellion. Showed the constitution could react swiftly to problems. |
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Term
| Why Europeans went Exploring |
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Definition
| Gold, Glory, and God, find riches, bring glory to their nations, and spread their religions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Served as nurses for Union and Confederacy some minor cases of Women involved in raids. Minor involvement of women in battle but effective in jobs that helped the war effort. |
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Term
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Definition
| Women wanted equality of the sexes and were lead by famous women like Sojourner Truth in her speech 'Aint I a Women" where she spoke against inequalities. |
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