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| The Rock Cycle is the series of processes in which a rock forms, changed from one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geological processes |
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| Bowen's Reaction Series is the simplified pattern that illustrates the order in which minerals crystallize from colling magma according to their chemical composition and melting point |
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| Igneous Rock is rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies |
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| Intrusive Igneous Rock is rock that is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath Earth's surface |
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| Extrusive Igneous Rock is rock that forms from the cooling and solidification of lava at Earth's Surface |
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| Felsic describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in feldspars and silica and that is generally light in color |
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| Mafic describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in magnesium and iron and that is generally dark in color |
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| Compaction is the process in which the volume and porosity of a sediment is decreased by the weight of overlying sediments as a result of burial beneath other sediments |
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| Cementation is the process in which minerals preciptate into pore spaces between sediment grains and bind sediments together to form rock |
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| Chemical Sedimentary Rock |
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Definition
| Chemical sedimentary rock is sedimentary rock that forms when minerals preciptate from a solution or settle from a suspension. |
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| Organic sedimentary rock is sedimentary rock that forms from the remains of plants or animals |
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| Clastic sedimentary rock is sedmentary rock that forms when fragments of preexisting rocks are compacted or cemented together |
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| Metamorphism is the process in which on type of rock changes into metamorphic rock because of chemical processes or chenges in temperature and pressure |
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| Contact metamorphism is a change in the texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to contact with magma |
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| Regional metamorphism is a change in the texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to change in temperature and pressure over a large area, generally as a result of tectonic forces. |
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Definition
| Foliation is the metamorphic rock texture in which mineral grains are arranged in planes or bands |
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| Nonfoliated is the metamorphic rock texture in which mineral grains are not arranged in planes or bands |
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