consists of the brain and the spinal cord

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consists of nerve cells that send messages between the central nervous system and all the parts of the body

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nerve cells that run through our entire bodies and communicate with each other

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produces energy that fuels the activity of the cell

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thin fibers that branch out from the cell body; they receive information from other neurons and pass the message through the cell body

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carry messages away; neuron has many dendrites but usually only 1 axon; axons vary in length

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cover for axons that is a white fatty substance that insulates and protects the axon

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smaller fibers that branch out at the end of the axon

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junction between the axon terminals of one neuron and the dendrites of another neuron - how a message is sent from one neuron to another

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the release of chemicals that are stored in sacs in the axon terminals; neurons send messages across synapse through the release of neurotranmitters

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extends from brain down the back; it is a column of nerves about as thick as a thumb, and is protected by the bones of the spine. It transmits messages between the brain and muscles and glands in the body

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system that transmits sensory messages to the central nervous system (touch, pain, changes in temperature, change in body position)

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automatic system that regulates the body's vital functions, such as heartbeat, breathing, digestion, and blood pressure

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part of hindbrain involved in vital functions like heart rate, blood pressure, breathing

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located in from of the medulla and involved in regulating body movement, attention, sleep, and alertness

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"little brain", smaller part of brain that sits under the cerebrum; it involves balance and coordination

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this system begins in the hindbrain and rises through the midbrain into the lower part of the forebrain. important for attention, sleep, and arousal

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part of forebrain - critical structure of the brain because it serves as a relay station of sensory stimulation (pain, heat, cold) it also relays information from the eyes and ears

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sits below the thalamus, tiny but very important, involved in many aspects of behavior and physiological functions (body temp, storage of nutrients, motivation and emotion)

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forms a fringe along the inner edge of the cerebrum. involved in learning, memory, emotion, hunger, sex, aggression

crowning glory of the brain, about 70% of the brain, surface is wrinkled with ridges and valleys

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surface of the cereburm that is wrinkled with ridges and valleys; outer layer of the brain; the thinking part of the brain (memory, language, emotions, complex motor functions, perception)

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the structure the connects the 2 hemispheres (sides) of the brain; information received by one side of the body is transmitted to the opposite side of the brain

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lower portion of the brain and is involved in many vital functions like heart rate, respiration (breathing), balance

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part of brain that involves vision and hearing

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front of the brain that involves complex functions like thought and emotion

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master gland - stimulated by the hypothalamus and is responsible for the secretion of many different hormones that affect various aspects of behavior

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