Term
| what was the clan into which Muhammad was born? |
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Definition
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Term
| what was the nature of the economy of the Abbasid priod? |
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Definition
| It was a period of general prosperity typified by urban growth and the restoration of the Afro-Eurasian trade axis |
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Term
| What was the status of artisans in the Abbasid cities? |
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Definition
| Atisans were free men who owned their own tools and who formes guildlike organizations to negotiate wages. |
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Term
| What culture found in the Arabian peninsula was most signifigant in shaping the development of Islam? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was Muhammad's teaching with respect to the revelations of other monotheistic religions? |
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Definition
| Muhammad accepted the validity of earlier Christian Juadaic revelations and taught that his own revelations were a final refinement and reformation of earlier ones. |
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Term
| What was the nature of pre-Islamic bedouin religion? |
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Definition
| Bedouin religion for most clans was a blend of animism and polytheism focusing on the worship of nature spirits. |
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Term
| The Arabic camel nomads were referred to as... |
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Definition
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Term
| What represents a mounting pressure for change in pre-Islamic society? |
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Definition
| greater Byzantine and Sasanian dcontrol over Arabic tribes of the peninsula and Arabic migration to Mesopotamia |
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Term
| Leaders of bedouin clans were called... |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the nature of slavery within the Abbasid social system? |
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Definition
| Because most unskilled labor was left to the unfree, slaves could be found in both the towns and countryside of the Abbasid Empire |
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Term
| The wars to defeat rival prophetsand restore the unity of Islam were called... |
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Definition
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Term
| what clan was responsible for the foundation of Mecca? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Umayyads were threatened by all of except... |
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Definition
| Muhammad's destruction of the Ka'aba |
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Term
| What statement concerning inter-clan relationships in bedouin society is most accurate? |
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Definition
| Inter-clan violence over control of water and pasturage was common. |
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Term
| What statement concerning the etical system of early Islam is NOT correct? |
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Definition
| the desire to convert new populations to Islam |
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Term
| What was teh principle advantage of teh Islamic concept of teh ummah? |
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Definition
| It transcended old tribal boundaries and made possible political unity among Arab clans. |
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Term
| Why was the Caliph Uthman disliked by so many Arabs? |
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Definition
| He was the first Caliph to be chosen from Muhammad's early enemies, the umayyads |
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Term
| The term for non-Arab Muslim converts is... |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the result of inner-clan rivalries? |
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Definition
| It weakened the bedouin in comparison to neighboring peoples and empires |
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Term
| The Abbasids moved the political center of their empire to... |
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Definition
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Term
| What statement concerning bedouin society is NOT accurate? |
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Definition
| Clans were commonly congregated together in larger tribal groupings |
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Term
| What was the date of Muhammad's flight to Medina from Mecca? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the nature of the Abbasid government? |
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Definition
| The Abbsids outdid the Umayyads in establishing an absolute gov. symbolized by the growing powers of the wazirs and the sinister presence of the executioner |
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Term
| What was the primary cultural contribution of the Muslims during the Abbasid period? |
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Definition
| The Muslims were able to recover and preserve the works of teh ancient philosophers as well as transmit ideas and culture from one civilization to another |
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Term
| What statement most accurately escribes the status of women in bedouin society prior to Islam? |
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Definition
| Women in Pre-Islamic bedouin culture enjoyed greater freedom and higher status than those of teh Byzantine and Persian Empires |
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Term
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Definition
| the religious shrine that was teh focus of teh annual truce |
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Term
| What was the Umayyad response to Muhammad's migration th Medina and subsequent success there? |
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Definition
| War broke out b/w Mecca and Medina resulting in the eventual victory of Muhammad and teh Medina clans |
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Term
| Under the Umayyads, the political center of Islam shifted to... |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the initial responce of the Umayyads to Muhammad's new faith? |
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Definition
| They regarded him as a threat to therir weath and power as he questiones the traditional gods of the Ka'ba |
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Term
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Definition
| a rural landholding elite |
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Term
| Which area of the Byzantine Empire was NOT conquered by the Muslims by 650 CE? |
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Definition
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