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| Roman military units of 3000-5000 foot soldiers and cavalry |
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| Three wars between Carthage and Rome in 264-146 BC |
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| Rome suffered several defeats, but developed a superior navy and gained control of the Mediterranean in 264-241 BC |
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| Famous Carthaginian general |
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| Hannibal annihilated the Romans in 216 BC |
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| General who led Roman army into North Africa |
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| Hannibal lost in this battle and made the Carthaginians to sue for peace in 202 BC |
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| Precipitated by the Numidians attacking Carthage in 149-146 BC |
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| North African kingdom that joined Carthage |
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| free food and entertainment |
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| prisoners of war, slaves, or criminals forced to fight in public shows |
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| championed the cause of the poor and convinced the concilium plebis to enact reforms |
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| Tiberius's brother that was elected tribune in 123 BC, attempted reforms, but later committed suicide |
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| A military leader; the idol of the masses |
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| A military leader; the champion of the Senate |
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| Two strong and ambitious men that became chief competitors for power |
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| The individual that Pompey and Julius Caesar joined to form the First Triumvirate |
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| Caesar crossed this river; Forms the border between Gaul and Italy |
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| Last ruler of the Ptolemaic dynasty |
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| basis of our present calendar |
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| Caesar was stabbed to death by a group of Senators |
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| former consul and friend of Caesar's |
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| Caesar's 18-year-old grandnephew |
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| A Roman general that Mark Antony and Octavian joined with to form the Second Triumvirate |
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| Republican Rome's orator and statesman that was assassinated |
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| One of history's most decisive battles fought between Octavian and Antony |
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