Term
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Definition
Plan for United States after the civil war. Created by Abraham Lincoln to handle issues such as "how to re-integrate confederate states"
"what to do about confederate generals and leaders?" "what to do about newly freed slaves" |
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Term
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Definition
| Lincolns plan that puts the executive branch in charge of reconstruction. It required and Oath of loyalty in order for lower ranking confederates to be able to vote and hold office after rejoining the united states. |
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Term
| Abraham's intention of 10 percent plan |
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Definition
| To help bring forward lower ranking soldiers from confederacy that would quickly give their allegence back to the union/united states so that they could quickly become the future leaders/politicians of the south, and potentially have more loyalty to the north than stubborn southerners who were not so quick to give Oath of Loyalty. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abolishes slavery in every state |
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Term
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Definition
| Used federal offices and funds to help freed black get homes, food, education. Lincoln wanted to institute fair labor contracts with the freed blacks' former masters that allowed them to make money and begin to understand capitalism. |
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Term
| What unforseen action lead to Abraham Lincolns assasination. (instead of just his capture) |
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Definition
| Statement he made about giving freed blacks the right to vote. Lincoln did not announce this directly rather, he disguises it under a remark about ALL union soldiers having the right to vote. |
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Term
| John Wilkes Booth's Political Opinion |
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Definition
| Booth saw Lincoln as a tyrant, and wanted to change the outcome of the civil war. |
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Term
| John Wilkes Booth's Plan and what really happened |
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Definition
| He planned to kidnap lincon but remark about black votes changed his plan. He then decided(along with other collaborators) to assassinate Lincoln, Johnson, and Secretary of State. Only Booth was successful. |
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Term
| Did reconstruction end after Lincolns assassination? |
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Definition
| No. Johnson continued with reconstruction, he just had different methods of executing reconstruction. |
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Term
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Definition
-became president after Lincoln
-Southern Democrate
-Never owned slaves
-grew up poor, was a tailor
-did not like rich slave owners
-from Tennessee
-Stayed in congress through Tennessee's succession
-Although not a slave owner he did not see blacks as equal
-insecure personality especially when faced with a disagreement
-fought disagreements as if they were personal attacks against himself
-Known for being a drunk.. he once gave a speech while hightly intoxicated. |
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Term
| Johnson's take on 10 percent plan |
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Definition
| He still carries through with the plan however southers are forthcoming in giving him an Oath of Loyalty where they would have hesitated with Lincoln. Johnson also quickly approves Oaths not matter how insincere just to "get the plan over with and move forward" |
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Term
| How historians think Lincoln would have executed 10 percent plan |
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Definition
| Lincoln would have taken his time in approving Oath's making sure that they were ready to be loyal to the united states |
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Term
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Definition
| Johnson allowed black codes in state constitutions "laws passed by Southern states in 1865 and 1866, after the Civil War. These laws had the intent and the effect of restricting African Americans' freedom, and of compelling them to work in a labor economy based on low wages or debt." |
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Term
| Alexander Hamilton Stephens |
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Definition
| Georgia senator who was the VP of the confederacy is allowed by Johnson to be back in the senate. This offends Northerners who fought for change. |
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Term
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Definition
| Radical republican in the senate. He held a particular grudge against southern democrats because he was physically attacked with a cane in congress by a southerner. He supported the idea of redistributing property in the south allowing freed blacks to have this redistributed land. |
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Term
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Definition
| radical republican PA senator who strongly pushed for reform. His distaste for bullies made him resent slave owners. |
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Term
| Radical Republicans response to Alexander Hamilton being allowed to go back to his seat in the senate. |
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Definition
| They did not allow him or other confederate returning senators to take their seats in congress. |
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Term
| Tension between congress and Johnson leads to.. |
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Definition
| Congressional reconstruction. Congress has a 2/3rds majority(when not allowing ex-confederate senators to sit) which allowed congress to overturn presidential veto's. |
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Term
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Definition
| Calls to end back codes. Johnson veto's but his veto is overturned |
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Term
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Definition
| Makes civil rights act of 1866 more permanent. It did not need presidential approval. It gave equal citizenship for all men. |
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Term
| Reconstruction Act of 1867 |
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Definition
| congress calls to restart reconstruction and nullifies all previously passed reconstruction laws in the South to go back and fix Johnson's poor execution of reconstruction. |
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Term
| What does the reconstruction act of 1867 do? How is it enforced. |
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Definition
| Restarts reconstruction. Sends Military back to the south to enforce the act. States have to get their constitutions re-approved. It prevents confederate soldiers from creating state law. allows black voters to take part in state constitution writing. |
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Term
First black politicians elected by black representation in what year?
What is to come of the black politicians? |
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Definition
| 1868. They hold office for short ammount of time before reconstruction efforts fade and poll tax tactics reduce black representation. Black politicians fail to get re-elected |
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Term
| Radical Republicans tactics to eliminate Johnson and his power |
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Definition
| Tenure of office act did not allow Johnson to fire cabinet members(who had been appointed under lincoln). |
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Term
Johnson's response to Tenure of Office Act
and result of this response |
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Definition
| He fires babinet member Edwin Stanton anyway. This causes congress to call for Johnson to be impeached for violating act. |
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Term
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Definition
| Yes in 1868. The U.S. House of Representatives votes 11 articles of impeachment against President Andrew Johnson, nine of which cite Johnson's removal of Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, a violation of the Tenure of Office Act. The House vote made President Johnson the first president to be impeached in U.S. history. |
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Term
| Ulysses S. Grant background |
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Definition
Union Commander
Military man
military strategy allowed a lot of union soldiers to die in order to end civil war quick |
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Term
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Definition
| Ulysses S. Grant is elected |
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Term
| Angry Southerners response to reconstruction |
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Definition
| Use threats and violence to try and change things threatening southern politicians who support reconstruction. They form group known as KKK and other violent groups |
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Term
| Grant's response to violent groups such as KKK |
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Definition
Enforcement Acts that made it illegal to:
-wear masks in public
-congregate against government
-suspend Habeus corpus
Members of violent groups could be imprisoned w/out trial.
These measures were unconstitutional but briefly decreased violence |
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Term
| Republican popularity decreases due to |
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Definition
| high taxation and curruption |
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Term
| Problems of one large powerful party |
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Definition
-corruption
-disagreements within party
-creation of a fragmented party where disagreements cause members to break off and form a new party called the liberal republicans |
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Term
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Definition
| In fear of loosing popularity republicans pass the act that allow ex-confederate soldiers to vote. These efforts fail and the party begins to decline. |
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Term
| Grant's competency as president |
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Definition
| Grant may have been a good military man but as president he manages to be oblivious to corruption of those working right next to him. |
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Term
| What was the problem with taxation under republican rule?(1874) |
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Definition
They were not only unpopular but tax collectors were becoming very corrupt.
In St. Louis a ring of corrupt taxing forms and Grant investigates finding political involvement of party. He fires his treasurer and he his replaced by Benjamin Bristow who finds lots of corruption in whiskey tax collection. Bristow finds that Grants personal secretary Orville Babcock is heavily involved. Grant does not believe bristow and he defends Babcock. |
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Term
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Definition
| companies go bankrupt after getting loans from government and banks. being unable to pay back loans banks and government now have no money to lend to new upcoming companies halting and harming economic growth |
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Term
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Definition
| The Treaty with Russia was negotiated and signed by Secretary of State William Seward and Russian Minister to the United States Edouard de Stoeckl. Critics of the deal to purchase Alaska called it "Seward's Folly” or “Seward's Icebox." |
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Term
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Definition
| Democrats elect Sammuel tilden as Democratic Nominee from Newy York. This appeals to Northerners because he played no part in the confederacy. Republicans elect Rutherford B Hayes for his honest character. Democrats win popular vote but loose in the electoral college. Recount was called for but republicans still won. The count is still questionable. |
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Term
| Democrats response to Rutherford B Hayes being elected |
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Definition
| They push to have a majority in congress and this push gains popularity after public assumes republicans cheated. |
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Term
| Democrats push to investigate election of 1876 |
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Definition
| but republicans offer to take the military out of the south if democrats "just forget about the election" |
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Term
| Reconstruction was successful? |
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Definition
No, after reconstruction ends things just kind of fall back to the way they were before, just slavery is no longer the term to call black workers. Racism continues and loopholes are found in the 14th and 15th amendment
Blacks dont have the right to vote, they work as tenatured servants in the south, they are lynched and suppressed by Jim Crow Laws |
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Term
| Extent of Poll taxes in Louisiana from 1896-98 |
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Definition
| Voters were required to have $300 in property, pass reading and writing test, and must have a relative who voted before 1887 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Holmer Plessy Challenges Jim Crowe Laws |
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Definition
| He was 7/8ths white and he sat in an all white train car. He gets arrested and sues. Supreme court deems Jim Crow Laws constitutional |
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Term
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Definition
Publicly and horrifically tortured then executed after being convicted with no trial for the rape and murder of a police officer's daughter.
Not only was the response gruesome but the public flocked from surrounding areas to see execution. This even showed the frustration of southerners and anger over the supression of reconstruction. They were 'finally taking matters into their own hands" |
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Term
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Definition
Former slave, leading speaker for abolition, supporter for continued reconstruction.
He calls out republicans for giving up on the south |
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Term
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Definition
| Former slave, educated, teaches in tuskegee school. He teached students to be non-confrontational. He pushes them to be educated and hard working so that they could be successful despite skin color |
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Term
| Disagreements with Booker T Washington's Philosophy |
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Definition
"why should blacks have to earn their civil rights?"
"sure this worked for you but what about southern whites who use power to take away your success just because you are black" |
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Term
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Definition
| Challenges Booker T Washington: He thought that blacks needed to join together and fight together. Conceptually Dubois had decent ideas but he didnt understand the struggle of being black in the south. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| republican Politician from new york. He was head collector at new york harbor for goods being distributed and exported. He is in charge of 1000+ employees. He hands out jobs to unqualified workers in order to gain political and social popularity. He caught the attention of Hayes and gets fired. Despite being fired Arthur gets VP position due to his power gained from doing other politicians favors. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ideal president. gets elected. Dies shortly after being elected when Charles Guiteau attempts to assasinate him. Garfield eventually succumbs to injury and dies leaving Chester Arthur to be the president |
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Term
| Garfield's death leads to |
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Definition
public awareness of corruption of SPOILS system
and medical awareness of unsanitary medical practices |
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Term
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Definition
a carpetbagger was a Northerner who moved to the South after the American Civil War, especially during the Reconstruction era (1865–1877).
scalawags were Southern whites who supported Reconstruction and the Republican Party, after the American Civil War |
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Term
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Definition
| Played a major part in controlling NYC politics as well as helping immigrants rise up in politics and also controlled nominations and patronage in Manhattan, though it ceased to exist by the 1960's as political machines were losing strength. |
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Term
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Definition
| a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering. |
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Term
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Definition
| negative term used to describe economic capitalist leaders that used money to get rich and oppress laborers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Grew up in a moderate income household. He went to work for railroad company at early age and became so good at his job he got paid enough to not have to fight in the civil war. He recognized the growth of industries such as railroads and oil production and was quick to fund an oil monopoly that spanned across the nation that later became Exxon Mobile! His wealth lead him to treat poor unfairly with the idea of social darwinism, but he later became a philanthropist |
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Term
| States attempt to stop robber barrons like rockefeller from becoming too powerful.. politically |
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Definition
| Creating laws that made it to where company owners could only own company property in one state |
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Term
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Definition
| Robber barrons found loophole in state laws that prevented companies from owning property nationally. They intrusted parts of the company to other investors/workers/owners to seperate the company but still keep it as one company, just under a different name. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1890 ruled that trusts were illegal, but the act was not enforced due to corruption in the government much later |
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Term
| poor working conditions for coal workers |
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Definition
| Coal workers were in harsh conditions that not only strained workers but they were at a risk of injury and death without compensation. Coal being combustible was a danger and coal mines at this time in the US lacked ventilation and other safety measures. |
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Term
| American Federation of labor |
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Definition
founded in Columbus, Ohio, in May 1886
First Union
Samuel Gompers was the president of this organization |
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Term
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Definition
| unions fought for labor rights by striking. Companies would react by bringing in immigrant workers to take their place. Workers would try and prevent companies from doing this but a private militia called the Pinkertons would come and physically make way for immigrants to come in |
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Term
| Socialist Party of America |
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Definition
| Socialism sounded appealing to poorly treated workers in theory and grew in popularity but was still considered very radical thinking |
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Term
| Thomas Edison in the Gilded age |
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Definition
| Worked as head of a team at menlo park to perfect the lightbulb and make power more readily accessible. He pushes his patented DC current. |
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Term
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Definition
Edison wanted to sell DC power while Tesla pushed for AC.1886 Edison tried depreciate Tesla's idea by demonstrating how dangerous AC power was.
Tesla wins this battle over power because he doesn't charge as much as Edison |
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Term
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Definition
Works for a different funded research company than edison, he comes up with AC power and it gets bought by this company because he doesn't care about selling it to make $$ he just wants to share the idea with the world!!
He becomes popular but looses popularity when he pushes crazy ideas |
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Term
| What does affordable power do for the US |
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Definition
| Made the US at the forefront of electrical movement |
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Term
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Definition
| not as fun as the movies made it out to be. moving west was not popular or really worth it. it was already somewhat populated by migrant workers, resources were limited, natives were a problem, weather was bad. The pro of the homestead act did not outweigh all of the cons |
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Term
| What advancements did help SLOWLY populate the west |
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Definition
Wind pumps that could pump water out of underground aquifers
Guana was discovered as a fertilizer
Plow invented by John Deere made hard land easier to plow. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1876 Sitting bull leaves reservation which breaks the Treaty of Fort Laramie. Custer and his army of 650 men plan a surprise attack that goes horribly wrong and sitting bull wins the battle and his men kill all of Custers army with no mercy.. This is a significant victory but it has harsh consequences for the native americans |
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Term
| 1896 presidential election |
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Definition
William Jennings(D) Bryan VS William McKinley(R)
Bryan has many of the beliefs of the populus party, and also is verrrrrrry religious
Mckinley is probusiness and his belief is that if America does very good economically the financial boom will trickle down to laborers and poor.
Mckinley wins and nothing really happens under his presidency |
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Term
| United States Imperialization |
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Definition
| Unil point in history US has been anti imperialism but when opportunity arises during Cuba's fight against spain the U.S. seizes the oppertunity and goes to war with spain and wins guam, philippines, puerto rico. US also goes ahead and claims hawaiian islands as well. |
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Term
| American Federation of labor |
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Definition
founded in Columbus, Ohio, in May 1886
First Union
Samuel Gompers was the president of this organization |
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Term
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Definition
| unions fought for labor rights by striking. Companies would react by bringing in immigrant workers to take their place. Workers would try and prevent companies from doing this but a private militia called the Pinkertons would come and physically make way for immigrants to come in |
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Term
| Socialist Party of America |
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Definition
| Socialism sounded appealing to poorly treated workers in theory and grew in popularity but was still considered very radical thinking |
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Term
| Thomas Edison in the Gilded age |
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Definition
| Worked as head of a team at menlo park to perfect the lightbulb and make power more readily accessible. He pushes his patented DC current. |
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Term
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Definition
Edison wanted to sell DC power while Tesla pushed for AC.1886 Edison tried depreciate Tesla's idea by demonstrating how dangerous AC power was.
Tesla wins this battle over power because he doesn't charge as much as Edison |
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Term
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Definition
Works for a different funded research company than edison, he comes up with AC power and it gets bought by this company because he doesn't care about selling it to make $$ he just wants to share the idea with the world!!
He becomes popular but looses popularity when he pushes crazy ideas |
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Term
| What does affordable power do for the US |
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Definition
| Made the US at the forefront of electrical movement |
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Term
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Definition
| not as fun as the movies made it out to be. moving west was not popular or really worth it. it was already somewhat populated by migrant workers, resources were limited, natives were a problem, weather was bad. The pro of the homestead act did not outweigh all of the cons |
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Term
| What advancements did help SLOWLY populate the west |
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Definition
Wind pumps that could pump water out of underground aquifers
Guana was discovered as a fertilizer
Plow invented by John Deere made hard land easier to plow. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1876 Sitting bull leaves reservation which breaks the Treaty of Fort Laramie. Custer and his army of 650 men plan a surprise attack that goes horribly wrong and sitting bull wins the battle and his men kill all of Custers army with no mercy.. This is a significant victory but it has harsh consequences for the native americans |
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Term
| 1896 presidential election |
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Definition
William Jennings(D) Bryan VS William McKinley(R)
Bryan has many of the beliefs of the populus party, and also is verrrrrrry religious
Mckinley is probusiness and his belief is that if America does very good economically the financial boom will trickle down to laborers and poor.
Mckinley wins and nothing really happens under his presidency |
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Term
| United States Imperialization |
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Definition
| Unil point in history US has been anti imperialism but when opportunity arises during Cuba's fight against spain the U.S. seizes the oppertunity and goes to war with spain and wins guam, philippines, puerto rico. US also goes ahead and claims hawaiian islands as well. |
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