Term
| T/F The U.S. is a nation. |
|
Definition
| Answer: False the U.S. is not a nation because a nation is an ethno-linguistic and religious entity, the U.S. does not fit that category due to its many ethnicities, religion, and languages |
|
|
Term
| T/F. The U.S. is a nation of immigrants |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Answer: False, in other words is it a geo-political entity that slowly absorb, occupy, and/or colonize other provinces, unless you are Native American then no (this is what the notes say) |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 characteristics that make you not primitive? |
|
Definition
1. Mobility
2. adaptability
3. diversity |
|
|
Term
| T/F The colonists recognized the fact that the Natives had these 3 characteristics so they didn't consider them primitives |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, the colonists thought the Natives did not possess these 3 characteristics even though in reality they actually did |
|
|
Term
| . T/F The Iroquois Wampum Belt indicated that the Native wearing it was powerful and wealthy. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what did Natives use to ensure the trade deal would hold true and why did they need to do this? |
|
Definition
| They had no contracts so they would sometimes exchange gifts to assure the trade deal would hold true |
|
|
Term
| What enabled the Natives to trade fish, why couldn't they do this before, and what characteristic of non-primitive does this represent? |
|
Definition
| Answer: they couldn't trade fish initially because they didn't know how to preserve the salmon, so they adapted and put the salmon in salmon cakes enabling it to be preserved for a very long time and enabling them the ability of trading it |
|
|
Term
| T/F The strongest evidence that the Natives were diverse is the different types of housing they had. |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, while the answer above is true, the strongest evidence that showed the Natives were diverse was the sheer amount of languages they had, 329 completely different languages, the different housing actually is more evidence toward adaptability rather than diversity |
|
|
Term
| T/F Language is an identity, a cultural resource |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did the English fur traders call the Seminoles, why did they call them this, and what were the Seminoles' native lands? |
|
Definition
| Answer: The English fur trader called the Seminoles Creeks because they lived by creeks, there are no native Seminoles in Florida they actually migrated from Georgia and Alabama. |
|
|
Term
| What did the Spanish called the Seminoles and what does this mean? |
|
Definition
| Answer: Spanish called the Seminoles, or the Creeks according to the English, Cimarrones which means renegades |
|
|
Term
Which statement(s) is/are ture
a. The Spanish called the Creeks: Cimarrones
b. The Spanish called the Seminoles: Cimarrones
c. The English called the Seminoles: Cimarrones
d. The English called the Seminoles: Creeks
e. Seminoles, Creeks, and Cimarrones are all the same native group |
|
Definition
Answer: A, B, D, E, they are all true except C. which is false, the English never called the Seminoles Cimarrones, the Spanish did, the English called them Creeks
due to speech problem Cimarrones became pronounced Seminoles |
|
|
Term
| . T/F Seminole is a negative term |
|
Definition
| Answer: True, it technically means Cimarrones which means renegade |
|
|
Term
| T/F Natives travelled the seas before the Europeans |
|
Definition
| Answer: True, the Europeans weren't the first people to travel the seas |
|
|
Term
| T/F The Europeans were more diverse than the Natives |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, the Natives were more diverse than the Europeans |
|
|
Term
| What did Europeans encounter in North America when they first got on shore? |
|
Definition
Answer: an aftermath of an epidemic, many Natives were dead to diseases, disease doesn't discriminate, Natives were suffering horribly due to diseases they were not at their peak, Europeans didn't realize that Natives were suffering due to diseases and thus thought they were weak
English would've viewed Natives differently if they came earlier before epidemic |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between pushes and pulls? |
|
Definition
Answer:
- pushes: domestic factors driving Englishmen into the wider world
- pulls: external factors: national security, foreign affairs |
|
|
Term
| T/F England is the same thing as Great Britain |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, England is NOT just Great Britain, there is NO Great Britain until the 18th century, the 1700s |
|
|
Term
| What were New England's pushes into the new world? |
|
Definition
Answer:
1. population boom (population doubles), demographic change
2. economic change (the enclosures)
3. religious conflict |
|
|
Term
| Why was population growth a problem? |
|
Definition
Answer: normally population growth is good because economy is developing and expanding, however in this case economy and innovative expansion were occurring at a slower rate than population growth so bad things began to occur:
- inflation: more people fighting for fixed resources results in higher prices for those exchanges
- reduction in real wages: what your pay will buy falls, which means you basically are being paid less (wages fell by as much as half) |
|
|
Term
| T/F The year 1550 is in the 16th century |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why did England's Monarchs allowed enclosures? |
|
Definition
| Answer: because the Monarchs wanted money, they could put export taxes on the owner's sheep raised in these enclosures when they traded them with other countries |
|
|
Term
| What did the enclosures do? |
|
Definition
| Answer: drove large numbers of peasants from the land due to sheep requiring less hands to work on then crops, so people were fired |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Answer: a new class of landless peasants named for the cots they carried around with them |
|
|
Term
| What were the consequences of population boom and enclosures? |
|
Definition
Answer:
- more people and little expansion of resources = high prices, less work resulting in:
crime, vagrancy, idleness (not being productively employed is a crime back then), revolt?
- more people, less resources, not enough work due to enclosed lands and switch from agricultural crops to sheep |
|
|
Term
| What was England's solution to the problem above (population boom and unemployment problem)? |
|
Definition
| Answer: send those unemployed people to another land where they can be productive and England will be less crowded. |
|
|
Term
| Did England actually do that? the whole sending unemployed people to America |
|
Definition
Answer: NO:
Massachusetts: they sent middle class families, not much lower class work needed
Virginia: colonists who were sent didn't do the work, Natives didn't do the work either, at first indentured servants did most of the work and then eventually slaves did most of the work
- important to note that those indentured servants weren't lower class in England
- so unlike England's plan: not that many poor, unemployed Englishman going to America for work |
|
|
Term
| What were England's pulls? |
|
Definition
Answer:
1. National Security (global contest for Christianity)
2. Trade (economic problems) |
|
|
Term
| T/F England wanted Catholics to get out of England |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why was Spain the dominant world power at the time? |
|
Definition
| Answer: due to expanding and finding vast quantities of gold and silver |
|
|
Term
| T/F Spain also wanted Catholics to get out of Spain |
|
Definition
| Answer: FALSE, Spain was a Catholic Empire |
|
|
Term
| . T/F Spain was okay with England getting rid of Catholics in their country |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, rich Catholics cared that the poor England wasn't Catholic, other countries wanted to convert England into Catholic and in fact attacked England due to this, thus proving England wasn't safe |
|
|
Term
| What year did Spain attempt to seize England due to them not being Catholic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was England's cheaper way for doing what Spain did (expanding to America and extracting resources)? |
|
Definition
| Answer: hiring privateers (state-sponsored pirates) |
|
|
Term
| What is the name of a famous privateer? |
|
Definition
| Answer: Sir Francis Drake |
|
|
Term
| How can England supply their privateers if they are so far away? |
|
Definition
Answer: by creating colonies
- 1585 Sir Water Ralegh establishes a colony |
|
|
Term
| What economic problems was England facing? What good did they use to trade that is no longer valuable? |
|
Definition
Answer: collapse of Antwerp wool market:
- so many people and countries were selling Antwerp wool so prices dramatically decreased
- Antwerp wool was England's primary export, so they looked for another place to sell |
|
|
Term
| Where was the best place for England to sell its wool to? |
|
Definition
Answer: East Indies (Asia) however the East Indies isn't easy to reach due to Portuguese controlling the Eastern sea routes to Asia
England would be able to trade their worthless Antwerp wool for pearls and other valuables |
|
|
Term
| . T/F Virginia was the first colony built in North America. |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, Roanoke was the first colony built in North America. (NOT SURE BECAUSE IT IS POSSIBLE THAT ROANOKE MIGHT BE IN VIRGINIA) |
|
|
Term
| Which war had the greatest percentage of deaths in all of America's history, in all of the wars America has fought in? |
|
Definition
| Answer: Metacom's war (King Phillip's War |
|
|
Term
| What year was Roanoke created in and by who, was it successful? |
|
Definition
| Answer: 1585, Sir Walter Raleigh , complete failure |
|
|
Term
| What year was Virignia created in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Virginia was named as the colony for the virgin queen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Virginia at first was a complete failure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Virginia was territory granted by the English crown to a private enterprise |
|
Definition
| Answer: True, private enterprise was The Virginia Company/ or The London Company since its proprietors came from London |
|
|
Term
| Virginia at first was a ___ enterprise. What does this mean? |
|
Definition
| Answer: Virginia was an extractive enterprise meaning the purpose of the colony was to make money for its shareholders by extracting valuable resources from the land |
|
|
Term
| What is the name of one of the towns in Virginia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F From 1607 to 1624 the population in Jamestown flourished and grew exponentially |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, population declined severely due to The Virginia's Company disregard of human's lives |
|
|
Term
| What type of people initially went to Virginia, which type of people were missing initially? |
|
Definition
Answer:
- initially young aristocratic gentlemen or soldiers of fortune, goldsmiths, perfumers, jewelers, and basically people ill-equipped to sustain in a distant province
- missing: farmers, joiners (carpenters), and laborers (gentlemen do not do labor) |
|
|
Term
| Due to Virginia Company's emphasis on short term profits rather than long term longevity what happened to Virginia initially? |
|
Definition
| Answer: Virginia starved, epidemics, famine, no food, no resistance to malaria, humans ate each other, company continued to send more people and more people kept dying |
|
|
Term
| In what year did Virginia Company reformed its business plan and they changed their ___ colony to a ___ colony? What was this change called? |
|
Definition
| Answer: 1618, changed from an extractive colony to a settlement colony, Reforms of 1618 |
|
|
Term
| What was England or Virginia's Company (not sure which) lottery all about? |
|
Definition
| Answer: due to the fact that coming to America was expensive England had a lottery to allow people to go to America (NOT ENTIRELY CERTAIN ABOUT THIS ANSWER) |
|
|
Term
| Even though Virginia's Company switched Virginia from an extractive colony to a settlement colony, the colony overall initially still failed, why? |
|
Definition
| Answer: plan failed due to land already being inhabited by Indians, Powhattan Rebellion killed 1/3 of colonists and destroyed farms |
|
|
Term
| What year did Powhattan Rebellion occur in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What year did Virginia Company go bankrupt and England government took over Virginia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What enabled Virginia to survive (become moderately successful) and why couldn't this be fully taken advantage of at first? |
|
Definition
| Answer: they started growing the profitable tobacco but tobacco requires a lot of labor which initially Virginia lacked, however later indentured servants fixed this and then even later slaves fixed this |
|
|
Term
| What religion was Rowlandson? |
|
Definition
| Answer: she was a Puritan |
|
|
Term
| T/F The main dividing factor between Europeans and Indians was language |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, the main dividing factor between Europeans and Indians was race |
|
|
Term
| What do Puritans believe in? |
|
Definition
| Answer: believe in pre-determination, God does not like us, they believe in an angry spiteful God, humans can't control their fate, God is the only person in control of human's fate, human's actions don't cause good or bad things to happen to them rather God chooses what good/bad things happen to you, when something bad happens to a Puritan they don't think the devil caused it rather they think God did |
|
|
Term
| In what year was Massachusetts Bay Colony formed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Virginia, Jamestown, and Massachusetts were all formed in the 16th century? |
|
Definition
| Answer: False they were all formed in the 17th Century |
|
|
Term
| T/F Massachusetts Bay Company started Massachusetts and their slogan was: "Come over and help us" |
|
Definition
| Answer: True, they were asking the Indians for help |
|
|
Term
| Name one town in Virginia (besides Jamestown) and one town in Massachusetts, and in which town did people live longer? |
|
Definition
Answer:
- Virginia town: Middlesex
- Massachusetts town: Andover
- people lived much longer in Massachusetts than in Virginia |
|
|
Term
| T/F People lived longer in Andover Township than in Middlesex County |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| . T/F New England refers to Virginia. |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, New England refers to Massachusetts (pretty sure) |
|
|
Term
| . T/F Initially more people lived in Massachusetts than Virginia and those people in Massachusetts lived longer. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What were the names of the first governors in Virginia and Massachusetts Bay? |
|
Definition
Answer:
- John Smith: first governor of Virginia Colony
- military figure
- soldier of fortune
- John Winthrop: first governor of Massachusetts Bay
- religious, delicate hands
- pious well educated attorney |
|
|
Term
| T/F Upper classmen have delicate hands due to them not doing labor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why did England choose John Smith to be the governor of __? |
|
Definition
| Answer: England thought John Smith's rough background would make him a good leader for Virginia |
|
|
Term
| T/F As soon as Virginia formed John Smith was governor. |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, John Smith wasn't initially governor when Virginia formed, he wasn't there during Virginia's failure period |
|
|
Term
| T/F John Smith and John Winthrop were successful governors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F People say the term Puritan in a good way. |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, Puritan is a name that people who don't like you call you (NOT SURE ABOUT THIS ANSWER) |
|
|
Term
| T/F John Winthrop was profit seeking |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, Winthrop wasn't profit seeking, instead he has an intense sense of piety, his sermon said that they were going to build something that everybody is going to look at |
|
|
Term
| What were the motives of the colonists in Virginia and Massachusetts Bay? |
|
Definition
Answer:
- Virginia: pride and glory (profits I think also)
- Massachusetts: Piety |
|
|
Term
| Describe the people who came to Virginia and who came to Massachusetts |
|
Definition
Answer:
- Virginia:
- mostly soldiers of fortune, later servants
- male (single white males)
- young
- not particularly well-equipped to build settlements (few laborers, farmers)
- mostly either very poor (servants) or wealthy (gentlemen) Not much in between, come from extremes
- Massachusetts:
- families
- people suited to build settlements
- mostly middling people (people in the middle of class spectrum) ex: carpenters
- note gender parity and mostly trades people or farmers, mostly families |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Answer: work (labor) and reproduce |
|
|
Term
| T/F Unlike Virginia, Massachusetts Bay Colony brought the most crucial productive parts of society. |
|
Definition
| Answer: True, the crucial most productive parts of society were families, trades people (carpenters), and farmers |
|
|
Term
| Why did Massachusetts succeed while Virginia failed? |
|
Definition
| Answer: because Winthrop threw the business plan out of the picture and instead focused on building a place that other people could look at |
|
|
Term
| What was John Winthrop's sermon called and what was it about? |
|
Definition
| Answer: called Model of Christian Society and was about making Massachusetts Bay colony a colony for others all over to look at and admire |
|
|
Term
| What made Massachusetts different from Virginia? |
|
Definition
Answer:
1. religion: mostly pious "Puritans" seeking to build a "City on a Hill"
2. demographics: most of the immigrants to Massachusetts came with their families (not just single white men)
3. economics: families provide one thing that was terribly scarce in Virginia: labor |
|
|
Term
| What beneficial environmental factor did Massachusetts have? |
|
Definition
| Answer: colonies were found during ice age meaning water was frozen so no mosquitoes killing people with malaria in Massachusetts (NOT SURE if I need to know this) |
|
|
Term
| In Virginia and Massachusetts who provided the labor? |
|
Definition
Answer:
- Virginia: at first indentured servants and then slaves
- Massachusetts: families did most of the work |
|
|
Term
| After John Smith, who was the governor of Virginia in 1660-1677? (Not sure if I need to know this) |
|
Definition
| Answer: Sir William Berkeley who was elected (I think) twice (MIGHT NOT need to know this) |
|
|
Term
| In the 17th century (the 1600s) what makes the man? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Winthrop wore colorful clothing. |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, Winthrop was religious so he didn't, Berkeley did wear colorful clothing to show his wealthy status |
|
|
Term
| T/F Clothing back in the 1700s represented the social status of cars today. Wealthy people wore extravagant clothes. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In England and New England what were most houses made of? |
|
Definition
Answer:
- England: not many trees so more buildings made from brick despite the fact that wood is cheaper
- new England: lots of trees meaning lots of wood and since wood is cheaper than bricks most houses/buildings were made out of wood, EXCEPT some people had brick houses to indicate their wealthy status, brick houses in New England= wealthy person |
|
|
Term
| T/F Massachusetts was an urbanized society. |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, most work is on farms, not factories, most stuff comes from family-owned farms |
|
|
Term
| Describe the economy in Massachusetts and Virginia. |
|
Definition
Answer:
- Massachusetts made: wood products, timber products, boats, charcoal, fur business (sold animal hides including skin and fur), fishing, dried meat (exported a lot of beef), rum (late 18th century), household goods: candles and soap (from animal fat), agricultural but though they didn't export that much they kept most for themselves, grew rye instead of wheat, very few manufacturing places but they did make iron
- Virginia: 80% of the products Virginia made was tobacco, some fur trading but mostly tobacco
- so in other words: New England Massachusetts was a very diverse export economy and Virginia had one primary export (tobacco) |
|
|
Term
| What type of labor systems are there and which are dominant in Massachusetts and Virginia? |
|
Definition
Answer:
1. Family (dominant in Massachusetts)
2. Indentured Servants (dominant initially in Virginia however that later changes)
3. Slaves (some slaves in Massachusetts but not many, eventually becomes the dominant labor force in Virginia)
4. wage labor (work in which you get paid, this was very rare and uncommon for both places) |
|
|
Term
| What town is Mary Rowlandson's house in? |
|
Definition
| Answer: Lanchester, Massachusetts |
|
|
Term
| T/F In the 17th Century Massachusetts, a young girl is an essential part of the economic progress. |
|
Definition
| Answer: True, the household is an economic productive unit, families didn't buy what they needed they had to make it themselves, labor included people of all ages and genders |
|
|
Term
| T/F In 17th Century Massachusetts most of the men who were unemployed were wealthy |
|
Definition
| Answer: True, more unemployed men than woman (woman were a productive part of the household), however those unemployed men would be considered to be wealthy because they have enough money to not need to work |
|
|
Term
| T/F When an England person in England commits a crime (doesn't pay a debt back) they have the option to become an indentured servant in America. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What were Virginia's two primary labor work forces: |
|
Definition
Answer:
- at first European indentured servants
- later African Slaves (blacks) |
|
|
Term
| T/F Indentured servants were treated just like slaves. |
|
Definition
| Answer: True (pretty sure) |
|
|
Term
| T/F At least 1/2 of all European immigrants came to colonial North America as indentured servants. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During most of the 17th century where did roughly half of all indentured servants go to? |
|
Definition
| Answer: Chesapeake (which is in Virginia) |
|
|
Term
| When does the events described in Rowlandson's tale take place? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What religion was Rowlandson? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Geographically speaking where was Lanchester, Massachusetts located? |
|
Definition
| Answer: on the edge of New England settlements, right next to the Natives |
|
|
Term
| T/F Percentage of slaves in 1750 were lower than in 1729 |
|
Definition
| Answer: False: percentages were higher, as time went on the percentage of slaves in Virginia increased and the percentage of indentured servants in Virginia decreased |
|
|
Term
| When was Lanchester attacked by the natives? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is one reason the Natives did not like the English colonists being so near to them? |
|
Definition
| Answer: the England's livestock was eating Native's crops and deer that they hunted |
|
|
Term
| When did Virginia first ship tobacco? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When did people of African descent first arrive in Vriginia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F By 1750 46% of the total population of Virginia were African descents. |
|
Definition
| Answer: true number of slaves from 1680-1750 grew exponentially |
|
|
Term
| T/F There were no slaves in Massachusetts. |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, there were slaves and indentured servants in Massachusetts just nowhere near as many as in Virginia |
|
|
Term
| T/F Most servants immigrating from London went to Maryland, than Virginia, very few went to Massachusetts. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F As time passes in Virginia, the number of African slaves increase and the number of indentured servants decreases. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happened between 1680 and 1750 in Virginia to the slave population? |
|
Definition
| Answer: the slave population increased from 7% to 49% |
|
|
Term
| Initially at first which was cheaper, a slave or an indentured servant? |
|
Definition
| Answer: initially an indentured servant cost roughly half as much as a slave, however that eventually changes |
|
|
Term
| Why do white Virginias begin buying the more expensive slaves in such large numbers? |
|
Definition
Answer:
1. changes in the labor supply
2. changes in the distribution of wealth
3. changes in the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade |
|
|
Term
| What happened to London in 1660? |
|
Definition
| Answer: London burnt to the ground |
|
|
Term
| From 1660-1685 what happened to Virginia's population? |
|
Definition
| Answer: it grew from 25,000 to 60,000 |
|
|
Term
| What resulted due to London burning to the ground? |
|
Definition
Answer: there was a surge of demand for unskilled labor in England in the 1660s and 1670s as the country tries to rebuild itself
- people who were unemployed who might have originally have gone to Virginia as an indentured servant are now suddenly employed. |
|
|
Term
| Why did the cost of land increased in Virginia and what did this mean for indentured servants? |
|
Definition
Answer: easiest way to move tobacco was by the rivers so the land by the rivers were extremely valuable, as Virginia's population increased that means less land available for everybody meaning higher land prices especially by the rivers
- this is bad for indentured servants because indentured servants planned on serving their term and then eventually buying land themselves to raise their own crop, due to increased land prices indentured servants could no longer buy land once their term was up so less indentured servants went to North America due to the loss in incentive
- as supply of indentured servants goes down, price goes up |
|
|
Term
| What is the primary cost in the production of tobacco? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why did the richer become richer in Virginia? |
|
Definition
| Answer: due the increasing prices of labor and land only the rich people could afford to produce tobacco, this created less competition for the rich people and thus enabled them to increase thier prices, thus richer becomes richer and poorer becomes pooorer |
|
|
Term
| . In what year did the English crown charter the Royal African Company? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what year did the Royal African Company monopoly end? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Most of the slaves imported by English slave traders are taken to Virginia. |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, a bulk of slaves imported by English slave traders are taken to the West Indies (Jamaica..) |
|
|
Term
| Besides the West Indies, which two colonies did the English slave traders give a lot of slaves to? |
|
Definition
| Answer: Virginia and Maryland |
|
|
Term
| T/F In Virginia rising land costs were its biggest problem that caused social stratification |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, labor costs were the biggest problem that caused social stratification |
|
|
Term
| . T/F Labor costs were the chief input in tobacco production. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why were slaves expensive in the short run but yet cheap in the long run? |
|
Definition
| Answer: Slaves are expensive at first but due to owning the slaves forever and due to them reproducing and thus increasing the number of slaves you have, in the long run your labor costs decrease and since labor is the chief input in tobacco production if the labor costs are decreasing your income is increasing, so initially slaves are expensive but in the long run they are worth it |
|
|
Term
| William Byrd owned 43,000 acres of land and 200 slaves, was his land or were his slaves more valuable? |
|
Definition
| Answer: his slaves were worth much more money than the land |
|
|
Term
| . T/F Land was the biggest sign of wealth back in the 17-18th century. |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, labor (slaves) was the biggest sign of wealth |
|
|
Term
| . T/F Virginia was a "slave society" from its very beginnings. |
|
Definition
| Answer: False, at first Virginia was not a "slave society", however in the 18th century it became a "slave society" |
|
|
Term
| When did Virginia become a "slave society"? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Most Indians after Metacom's war were sold as slaves to West Indies (Jamaica) |
|
Definition
| Answer: True (I'm pretty sure) |
|
|
Term
| What was the dividing line between slaves and woman? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Back in the 17th and 18th century what determined how free you were? |
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| T/F The Virginia economy depended on the labor of enslaved Africans from its very beginning. |
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| T/F The Virginia economy depended on the labor of indenture servants from its very beginning. In other words Virginia produced tobacco from its very beginning |
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Definition
| Answer: False (I'm pretty sure) |
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Term
| Where in 18th century America would you find a "slave society"? |
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Definition
| Answer: Virginia, Chessapeake region |
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| Where in 18th century would you find a society with slaves? |
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| What is the difference between a "slave society" and a society with slaves and give an example of each. |
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Definition
Answer:
- a "slave society" is a society whose economy depends on slave labor, ex: Chessapeake Virginia
- a society with slaves is a society whose economy has slaves but does not depend on them, ex: Massachusetts |
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Definition
| Answer: a type of slavery where slaves are captured |
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| T/F Most white people were rich. |
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Definition
| Answer: False, in order to become wealthy one must have slaves but slaves are expensive, so thus richer gets richer and poorer gets poorer |
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| Where are the slaves societies located? |
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Definition
| Answer: no slave societies until you cross Atlantic, ex: West Indies, Jamaica, southern islands, Virginia |
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Term
| What explains the transition to slavery in 17th century Virginia? |
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Definition
1. changes in the labor supply
2. changes in the distribution of wealth
3. changes in the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade |
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Term
| Due to an increase demand of labor in London what happened to America? |
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Definition
| Answer: many people that would've came to America has indentured servants instead remained in London, since supply of indentured servants in America decreased that means prices of indentured servants went up |
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Term
| Who did the English take over the Atlantic Slave trade from and what did this mean for the price of slaves? |
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Definition
| Answer: Dutch and Portuguese, thus causing the price of an African slave to decrease |
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| . T/F Many years in the future Virginia reduces tobacco exportation and instead export slaves. |
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Definition
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| What were the two similarities between Chesapeake (Virginia) and Massachusetts (New England)? |
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Definition
| Answer: both were Protestant and both were hailed from England, other than that they were extremely different |
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| What year was St. Augustine (Spanish), Jamestown (Virginia), and Massachusetts Bay founded? |
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Definition
| Answer: 1565, 1607, 1630 respectively |
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Term
| T/F England owned Florida during the 17th century. |
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Definition
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| What was the religion in Massachusetts, Virginia, and Florida? |
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Definition
| Answer: Protestant, Protestant, Catholic (Catholic church was a state, they had money and military powers), respectively |
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| T/F More people were living in Massachusetts and Virginia than in Florida. |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the economy in Massachusetts, Virginia, and Floirda? |
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Definition
Answer:
- diverse agricultural and modest mercantile
- plantation agriculture (tobacco)
- livestock and modest agriculture (respectively) |
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Term
| Describe the settlement patterns of Massachusetts, Virginia, and Florida? |
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Definition
Answer:
- towns
- tobacco plantations
- Catholic missions |
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Term
| T/F In the early 18th century there was no United States yet. |
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Definition
| Answer: True, there was no republic yet, nobody thought a republic was a viable form of government, no one thought that human beings were able to govern themselves |
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Term
| What were the two main purposes Spain was in America? |
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Definition
| Answer: 1. to extract resources from North America to make money for Spanish monarch 2. to convert people into joining the Catholic church |
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| . T/F The Spanish Missions were purely religious entities. |
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Definition
| Answer: False, while they were there to convert people into joining the Catholic Church they were also there to extract resources to get money for Spain's monarchs |
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Term
| What materials did Spain extract from America? |
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Definition
| Answer: gold, silver, and also sugar |
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Term
| Why did the Spaniards choose to settle in Florida over the West Indies? |
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Definition
| Answer: livestock could survive better in Florida than the West Indie islands, also there was no firewood in the West Indie island, not the case in Florida |
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Term
| Who lives in the Spanish missions? |
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Definition
| Answer: Spanish Friars (the priest who fulfill the Catholic Mission of bringing Natives to the Catholic Church), Spanish soldiers, Spanish artisans and merchants, and local Appalachee Indians |
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Term
| Who makes the food in the Spanish missions, how do they survive? Who substains the mission? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Over the course of the 17th century, Timucua abandon traditional economy and became dependent on European trade goods and forgot how to sustain themselves. |
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Definition
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| What happened as a result of the Timucua forgetting how to sustain themselves? |
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Definition
| Answer: increasingly dependent on Spanish for security and sustainability, have to settle near missions because forgot how to sustain themselves |
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| What were some of the consequences of the Timucua living near missions? |
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Definition
Answer:
- Epidemics: diseases from Spaniards
- War: concentrations of natives around missions much more vulnerable to outside military attack, much harder to fight enemies when you forget how to feed yourself and when you can't sustain yourself, located in one central location so very easy to attack |
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| What year was the Carolina Colony founded? |
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Definition
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| T/F The Carolina Colony was a society with slaves. |
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Definition
| Answer: False, the Carolina Colony was a "slave society" |
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Term
| What did the Carolina Colony export? |
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Definition
| Answer: rice was produced and sold in Carolina to be consumed by slaves in the West Indies, ironically enough slaves were the ones that grew the rice in Carolina Colony |
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Term
| What was a self-manumitted slave? |
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Definition
| Answer: slaves realized that Carolina was right next to Florida and they knew that if they escaped and reached Florida that the Spaniards wouldn't return them back to Carolina, so slaves from Carolina fled to Florida sort of freeing themselves |
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Term
| When Europeans first got to America what did they find? |
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Definition
| Answer: not robust civilizations, found societies devastated due to diseases, Englishmen came after several epidemics and pandemics to Natives through diseases, Europeans didn't get to to see the Natives at their peak |
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| T/F Indentured servants in America were originally NOT lower class in England. |
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Definition
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Term
| . What was Paine's original job in England before he came to America? |
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Definition
| Answer: he was a tax collector |
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Term
| Who wrote Paine a recommendation letter and what was described in that recommendation letter? |
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Definition
| Answer: Benjamin Franklin wrote Paine a recommendation letter and in that letter he said Paine was going to be only mediocre and thought Paine should become a tutor |
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Term
| When did London burn to the ground? |
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Definition
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| T/F The the percentage of indentured servants in Virginia in 1750 was higher than in 1729. |
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Definition
| Answer: False, the percentage was lower, percentage of slaves increased while the percentage of indentured servants decreased. |
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Term
| In what direction do Mary and the natives keep moving toward? |
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Definition
| North-West to escape the British soldiers |
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Term
| T/F The natives asked Rowlandson how much she thinks her husband would pay for her. |
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Definition
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Term
| how many removes are in The Sovereignty and Goodness of God? |
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Definition
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| T/F Wettimore, Quannopin’s wife (Mary's owner) is very vain showing that violence is not the only negative side of Natives. |
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Definition
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Term
| When did the history of the United States begin? |
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Definition
| at least 30, 000 years ago with the Bering Land Bridge |
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Term
| When did the Colonial era begin? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many languages existed in America before the colonists arrived? |
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Definition
| The Natives had 329 languages |
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Term
| T/F Colonization eroded the distinction between language and identity for native peoples |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F The "Virginia Company" is another name for the "London Company". |
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Definition
| Answer: True because its owners originate from London |
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Term
| T/F Enclosed pastures in England led to vagrancy |
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Definition
| Answer: True, enclosed pastures in England led to vagrancy and idleness |
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Term
| After Treaty of Paris is signed and Spain gives Florida to English where do Timucua go? |
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