Term
| principle of faunal succession |
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Definition
| different sets of fossils superosed in sedimentary rock layers |
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Term
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Definition
| identical or similar biotic successsions in two different locals-observation |
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Term
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Definition
| the inference of same age of similar biotic assemblages- hypothesis and interpretation |
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Term
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Definition
| species that evolved rapidly have short ranges are abundant easy to identify global distribution reddily preserved |
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Term
| factors that control fossil distributions |
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Definition
| 1. guide fossils 2. evolution of species 3. migration 4. paleoenvironments 5. sampling, unconformities, lithologies, preservation, reworking |
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Term
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Definition
| zone is made up of the stratified rocks deposited wiht a particular assemblage of fossils |
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Term
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Definition
| taxon-range, concurrent range, interval biozone |
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Term
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Definition
| defined by the set of 3 or more mutually occurring taxa |
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Term
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Definition
| defined by the number of specimens of one or more taxa |
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Term
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Definition
| correspondance between geographically separate intervals of a geologic unit in properties and position |
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Term
| lithostratigraphic correlation |
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Definition
| (similar lihtology and position) groups formation members |
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Term
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Definition
| (similar fossils) fossil contect and biostratigraphic character, biozones |
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Term
| chronostratigraphic correlation |
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Definition
| (age) defined in boudary stratotype secitons by fossils, marker beds, succession of beds, litholoic featuers, well log freatures , seismic features, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| global stratotype section and point- chronostratigraphic units: body of strata formed during a specific time interval and bounded by isochronous surfaces |
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Term
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Definition
| stufy of mutual relations between organisms and their environment |
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Term
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Definition
| patterns of ancient organisms to ancient environments |
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Term
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Definition
| the place where organims live |
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Term
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Definition
| basic unit of ecology and paleoecology, a unique congreation of organims having a unique structure based on organims interations.... |
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Term
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Definition
| a community that existed in geologic history and is represented only by fossils or other evidences of past organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| a stratigraphic body as distinguished from other bodies of different appearance or composition |
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Term
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Definition
| stratigrphic unit characterized by its fossil content |
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Term
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Definition
| organisms living in the open sea |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
| conditions that control the distriubtuion abundance and density of biota (temperature, salinity, substrate, oxygen, light) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| modes of origin of fossil assemblages |
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Definition
| in-place/thanatocoenosis/growth positions, disturbed-neighborhood: in same habitat, transported:redeposited, mixed/taphocoenosis/2+communities |
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Term
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Definition
| died and preserved in living position |
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Term
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Definition
| preserved in teh place where they lived but not in place |
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Term
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Definition
| redeposited by currents or predators |
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Term
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Definition
| species of more than one community together |
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Term
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Definition
| disarticulation, fragmentation, abrasion, bioerosion, corrosion, dissolution |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| indistinct texture mottling of different grain sizes and types mixed by the burrowing activity of animals |
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Term
| biogeography/paleobiogeography |
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Definition
| the study of the geographic distributuion of species |
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Term
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Definition
| the proportion of taxa restricted to a given area |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of provinces having similar taxon groups |
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Term
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Definition
| global biosphre units with differences at higher taxnonomic levels |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| species living only in a small area |
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Term
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Definition
| primary control of species dispersal from a center of origin: reproductive strategies and adult mobility |
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Term
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Definition
| one species population separated by new barriers and evolve into new vicarious species by allopatric process |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| spore reproductive bodies |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| erect land plants with support tissue |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| gymnosperms w/ male and female cones |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 415 Ma Silurian/Devonian invasion of land plants, oldest true insect |
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Term
| carboniferous oxygen peak effects |
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Definition
| rise and spread of large woody plants, coal, glacial sea level formed vast swamps, insect gigantism, vertebrate land invasion, dense atmosphere |
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Term
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Definition
| imprints upon sediment interface |
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Term
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Definition
| plant cell walls convert to pure carbon |
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Term
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Definition
| original cell walls preserved as carbon or replaced by silica |
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Term
| challenges to living on land |
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Definition
| 1. oxygen intake 2. supporting limbs 3. dessication 4. sensing 5. reproduction |
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Term
| oldest tetrapod amphibian |
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Definition
| late devonian, ichthyostega |
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Term
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Definition
| carboniferous and permian |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| anapsids and turtles, early carboniferous |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| hooved mammals: paleocene-eocene radiation, eocene-oligocene radiation, oligocene-miocene radiation |
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Term
| major cenozoic environmental changes |
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Definition
| 1. plate tectonics 2. polar ice caps 3. rise of grasses and grasslands |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| australopithecus afarensis |
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Definition
| 4-3 mya, tree climbers and poorly bipedal, 3-4' tall no tools |
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Term
| australopithecus africanus |
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Definition
| 3-2 mya, large tooth surfaces, poorly bipedal |
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Term
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Definition
| 2-1.2 my smaller jaw and teeth, bipedal and longer juvenile, tooled flaked and trimmeron one edge |
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Term
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Definition
| 1.5-.5 my first in africa then widespread, hunter gatherer, cooked food, tools with 2 cutting edges, brain 800-1200 cm, large body, smaller face |
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Term
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Definition
| 300,000 years ago brain 1200-1400 cm, higher forehaed, new advanced toolmaking style, burial |
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Term
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Definition
| 200,000-27,000 BP, brain >1500 cm, stokcy, buried dead, built shelters, repaired wounds, used fire, different DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| 50,000 to now, cosmopolitan, brain >1500cm, diets varialbe, complex successive tool technologies, social structures, cave art, subway art, magna carta, margical sounds from cat gut string box |
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Term
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Definition
| single evolutionary appearance followed by migration |
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Term
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Definition
| h sapiens arose in different places but genetically related |
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Term
| causes of terminal pelistocene extinction |
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Definition
| 1. climatic change w/ deglaciation, increased seasonality, decreased plant diversity 2. human predation w/ more efficient hunting techniques and migration to north america |
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