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| atoms cannot be further divided |
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1) elements are made of atoms
2) all atoms of certain element are identical
3) atoms of different elements have different properties
4)atoms of one element cannot change into another element-atoms are not created or destroyed.
5)compounds are more than 1 element combined
6)the kind of atoms are constant in a compound |
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| discovered the electron with cathode tube experimen, "Plum Pudding"/ "Raisin Model" |
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| oil drop experiment. determined mass of an electron and magnitude of its charge |
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| 3 types of radiation. Gold foil experiment |
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| what are the 3 types of radiation |
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beta -
gamma neutral
alpha + |
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| what did Milikan conclude from his oil drop experiment? |
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-the nucleus is positive
-has protons....which are +
-dense nucleus with electrons/space surrounding it |
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- presented model of hydrogen
- solar-sytem- like model: orbits
- each orbit has specific energy level
**not entirely accurate because it only explained on level of 1 electron |
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-Wave mechanical model
-thought of electron location in “probabilities”
-orbitals (regions of space) -NOT orbits |
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-uncertainty principle: said it was
Not possible to measure precisely the location/velocity of electrons |
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-Neutrons!
-said since you couldn’t account for
All the mass in an atom with just
The protons and electrons…there
Must be more particles
- neutrons have mass same size of that of the proton |
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| electromagnetic radiation |
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| A FORM OF ENERGY THAT EXHIBITS WAVELIKE BEHAVIOR AS IT TRAVEL THROUGH SPACE |
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| distance from one wave to the base of the next |
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| number of waves that pass a certain point in a particular amount of time, usually a second |
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CONSISTS OF ALL
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION, ARRANGED ACCORDING TO INCREASING WAVELENGTH |
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| y rays (Gamma) - x rays- ultraviolet- visible- infared- microwaves- radio waves |
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| electromagnetic spectrum- name by increasing in wavelength |
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| ________ relationship between frequency and wavelength |
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| infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x rays, gamma rays |
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| kinds of electromagnetic radiation (5) |
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1. WHEN AN OBJECT MADE OF A MATERIAL THAT DOES NOT BURN IS HEATED, IT GIVES OFF LIGHT.
2. PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT |
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| what are 2 properties of wave that could not be explained by wave theory? |
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| emission of electrons from certain metals when light shines on them |
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| what is the photoelectric effect? |
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| an individual quantum of light |
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| THE STATE OF LOWEST ENERGY OF AN ATOM |
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A STATE IN WHICH IT HAS A HIGHER POTENTIAL ENERGY
THAN IT HAS IN ITS GROUND STATE |
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| organized the elements according to atomic number |
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exclusion principle (electron configuration) -no 2 electrons can have same 4 quantum numbers |
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| first to organize elements according to atomic mass |
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"everyone gets own room" -get own orientation before have to share -takes more energy to share rooms |
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principle -fill lowest energy level possible first |
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| Law of definite proportions, compund always contains same elements |
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| observation and experimentation |
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