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History of the Americas Midterm
IB Curriculum History of the Americas First Semester Final.
100
History
11th Grade
01/11/2012
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Term

Latin American regions:

 Definition

South America, Middle America, and the Caribbeans
Term
Jacksonion (Democaracy):
 Definition
named after Thomas Jefferson-championed rights of the white common man, opposed aristocracy, expanded the electorate.
Term
Five Civilized Tribes:
 Definition
Southeastern Indian tribes (e.g. Cherokee) notable development of mainstream agriculture, culture, education, and political institutions.
Term
Jeffersonians favour... Hamiltonians favour...
 Definition
Jeffersonians favour small federal governments. Hamiltonians favour large federal governments.
Term
Missouri Compromise:
 Definition
admitted Missouri as a slive state, Maine as a free state
Term
Compromise of 1850:
 Definition
California Union and a strong fugitive slave law passed
Term
The Dred Scott case:
 Definition
Congress could not prohibit slavery in territories - slaves are private property
Term
Three Economic Institutions:
 Definition
Rule of Law, Property Rights, and Economic Freedom
Term
John Brown:
 Definition
fanatical abolitionist killed pro-slavery settlers and Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas. ARmy raid at Harpers Ferry, Virginia. Hanged for treason.
Term
What did the South have over the North during the Civil War?
 Definition
The South had better generals and a stronger morale.
Term
Frederik Douglass:
 Definition
19th century black leader/speaker/writer in favour of abolitionism movement. Former Slave.
Term
Emancipation Prolamation:
 Definition
Spoke only of freeing slaves in the South
Term
George Washington foreign policy:
 Definition
isolationism
Term
Americans (in the 1800s) defined themselves by the:
 Definition
West, not east.
Term
Manifest Destiny:
 Definition
belief God wanted Americans to move west
Term
Africans:
 Definition
only forced migrants in American history
Term
Francophones:
 Definition
80% of French speakers in Quebec
Term
Jim Crow:
 Definition
Reconstruction Era laws that legalized racial segregation
Term
War of 1812:
 Definition
Americans victorious against a European power without their help
Term
Turner Thesis:
 Definition
endorsed the belief that America/Americans are defined through the frontier. Most influential on the American West.
Term
1830s and President Andrew Jackson:
 Definition
Witnessed the greatest period of Indian Removal
Term
Placing Out System:
 Definition
the process that began in 1850, Northeast US - private institutions - if immigrant children are left (abandoned) they are give to protestant families to be "saved".
Term
Nullification:
 Definition
name of antebellun states' rights - states can ignore laws passed by Congress
Term
Uncle Ton's Cabin:
 Definition
novel in the 19th century personified moral arguments against slavery
Term
Irish (immigrants):
 Definition
practiced chain migration
Term
US and Brazil:
 Definition
Two slave countries
Term
Populism:
 Definition
political movement among disgruntled rural farmers. Progressed into the Progressive movement
Term
Caudillo:
 Definition
Latin American Leader/Dictator
Term
Gilded Age:
 Definition
American Era-pleasing appearance concealing something of little worth
Term
Progressive Era:
 Definition
SPICE reforms, 1900-1920 - people looked to the federal government for answers
Term
Muckrackers:
 Definition
"ranked much" bringing up issues to the public society
Term
Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906:
 Definition
1st food regulatory law-safety
Term
Upton Sinclair:
 Definition
Muckracker wrote the "Jungle"
Term
NAACP:
 Definition
civil rights organization. 1909 by WEB DuBois
Term
WEB DuBois:
 Definition
1900 Arfrican American civil rights leader-racial equality. Confrontational.
Term
Booker T Washington:
 Definition
a 1990 African American civil rights leader sought racial equality. Believed African Americans had to prove themselves first by finding economic success via a learned skill/trade.
Term
Suffrage:
 Definition
Right to vote
Term
Cleptocracies:
 Definition
corrupt governments that steal money from their own countries.
Term
Creative Destruction Theory:
 Definition
name of economic theory; capitalism isn’t perfect b/c industries expire.
Term
Relative Deprivation Theory:
 Definition
is stipulating that humans determine their wealth relative to the material status of those around them.
Term
Tenement housing:
 Definition
type of immigrant housing had in adequate sanitation, poor ventilation, and polluted water.
Term
Trust Busting
 Definition
name for any government act that aims to do away with monopolies/trusts.
Term
Horizontal integration:
 Definition
buying out of other companies to control an industry.
Term
Vertical Integration:
 Definition
to control all processes of production and only having to pay workers.
Term
The Railroad Industry:
 Definition
one industry transformed U.S; loss of spice changes.
Term
Plutocracy:
 Definition
government/state where wealthy class influences/rules.
Term
Settlement Houses:
 Definition
social /cultural centers established to help immigrants in slum areas of American cities during the gilded age.
Term
Communism:
 Definition
economic system in which Milton Friedman once criticized by saying “a society that puts equality ahead of economic freedom wil lend up with neither equality nor freedom.
Term
Capitalism:
 Definition
economic system in which investment in and ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange of wealth is made by corporations or private industries.
Term
Karl Marx:
 Definition
19th c. German scholar, concerned about exploitations of workers at the hand of the wealthy.
Term
1821
 Definition
México obtained independence from Spain.
Term
Indigenous + Native American religious beliefs in the Americas prior to European arrival:
 Definition
Religious beliefs such as polytheistic, idolatry, animism (belief that natural objects possess souls)
Term
Great Migration (1910 - 1930):
 Definition
name of movement of 1.6 million black out of South U.S. and into NE, Midwest, and West, sought better lives.
Term
Harlem Renaissance (1919 - 1930):
 Definition
name given to cultural + intellectual movement among African Americans, centered in Harlem in interwar years.
Term
Milton Fried:
 Definition
sale of human beings should never be bought or sold.
Term
Marcus Garvey:
 Definition
supported back to Africa movement.
Term
Social:
 Definition
includes study of the everyday lives of people: SPICE
Term
Latin America:
 Definition
a region once colonized by Latin-speaking countries of Europe.
Term
Haiti:
 Definition
first country in Americas region to grant full citizenship to slaves in 1793.
Term
Indians called:
 Definition
First nations (Canada), Native Americans (U.S.), Indigenous (L.A.).
Term
Plagiarism:
 Definition
historian does not cite a fact or doesn’t paraphrase it directly.
Term
1775 - 1781:
 Definition
U.S. fought against and won its independence from Great Britain.
Term
French and Indian War:
 Definition
war between Britain and France in 1754 -1763
Term
Declaration of Independence
 Definition
Document that established the U.S. as an independent nation
Term
Assimilation
 Definition
The process of adopting customs/attitudes of the prevailing
Term
Eugene Genovese:
 Definition
first to focus on the relationships of masters and slaves.
Term
Slavery:
 Definition
social, political, and economic issue polarized America in the 19th c.
Term
More American Civil War soldiers died from this than any other reason:
 Definition
disease
Term
Robert E. Lee:
 Definition
beloved/respected general in the civil War, gentleman, integrity.
Term
Bloodiest day of the entire civil war occurred at this battle:
 Definition
Antietam
Term
54th Massachusetts regiments:
 Definition
the first union regiment, soldiers were first African Americans to serve in combat.
Term
Slavery is many causes of the civil war:
 Definition
an institution.
Term
Chamberlain:
 Definition
union officer, ordered his men to stand and salute the defeated confederate soldiers as the passed outside of Appomattox Courthouse.
Term
President Lincoln's most famous speech:
 Definition
Gettysburg Address
Term
Declaration of Independence:
 Definition
declared that the 13 colonies were “free and independent states”.
Term
Reconstruction:
 Definition
when the Union was put back together following the civil War with many thorny issues.
Term
Radical Republican:
 Definition
faction of Congress wanted immediate and civil equality for all blacks.
Term
Abraham Lincoln wanted to:
 Definition
forgive the South and move on after the ciivl War.
Term
13th Amendment:
 Definition
Free
Term
14th Amendment:
 Definition
Citizens
Term
15th Amendment:
 Definition
Vote
Term
Compromise of 1877:
 Definition
Ended Reconstruction
Term
Total War:
 Definition
military conflict in which nations mobilize all available resources in order to destroy another nation’s ability to engage in war.
Term
Social Darwinism:
 Definition
name of the 19th century theory.
Term
Sherman Anti-Trust Act:
 Definition
intended to control or prohibit monopolies.
Term
Nativism:
 Definition
native-born Americans
Term
Bessemer Process:
 Definition
process of producing steel.
Term
Chinese and Irish Immigrants:
 Definition
built the trans-continental railroad in the U.S.
Term
Enlightenment:
 Definition
17th and 18th c. intellectual movement.
Term
Eugene Debs:
 Definition
a socialist political leader.
Term
Agency
 Definition
a historian pays attention to how oppressed people have asserted themselves.
Term
Historiography:
 Definition
interpretation and perspective.
Term
Richard White:
 Definition
the American west is a product of conquest and of the mixing of diverse people.
Term
Iberian Peninsula:
 Definition
Spain and Portugal
Term
War of 1812:
 Definition
Americans fought against British.
Term
80%-90%:
 Definition
Indians in the Americas were killed.
Term
Canadian, LA History
 Definition
French vs. British
Indigenous vs. Iberian
Term
Abolitionism:
 Definition
19th c. social movement
Term
Anti-Federalist:
 Definition
opposed the federalists.
Term
George Washington:
 Definition
best military tactician as an officer in the French and Indian war.
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