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| compared to God- God created world....etc.. |
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| Nationalism- individual flourished |
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| Political and industrial revolution |
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artists could paint/create what they wanted, rather than what is dictated to them by whoever is paying them. Romantic period |
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| ethical philosophies that affirm the dignity and worth of all people, based on the ability to determine right and wrong by appeal to universal human qualities |
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Europes last great common approach to life- cultural epoch |
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| dissolve boundary between dream and reality |
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| irrational reaction to the enlightenment |
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| more about what you feel and mysteries |
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| not concerned with epistomology |
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concerned with indignation(strong displeasure at something considered unjust) |
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| Emile -let curiosity lead |
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"A government that governs least, governs best" |
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| Can't abandon civilization- make it best by minimizing it |
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| Morals goverened by own self- emotions lead to good |
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| No priests to mediate relationship with God |
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| a man who thinks is a depraved animal(reason) |
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general will=common consent=individual should follow but encouraged revolution SOCIAL CONTRACT |
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Dear Gov't: Here are our rules on how to lead us. Follow it or we'll "kick your trash." |
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| Natural religion- use of natural reason-leads to good |
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| God is dead- we killed him |
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| no facts- only interpretations |
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| stresses the individual's unique position as a self-determining agent responsible for the authenticity of his or her choices. |
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| Will to power- become better than you are |
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| reach mastery when we neither mistake nor hesitate in achievement |
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| liked socrates- questioner |
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| Population dictated by food sources-survival of the fittest |
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| Humans destined to poverty- the capacity to reproduce people is larger than the capacity to produce food. |
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| Progress comes from debate |
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| ideas from reason- creates society and technology, etc |
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| world spirit= sum of human utterances |
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| cognition changed from generation to generation- no eternal truths or timeless reason |
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| hostory=story of world spirit coming into consciousness of itself |
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| 3 world spirit stages(who not what are they) |
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Stage 1 of world spirit stages(Hegel): conscious of self in individual |
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Stage 2 of world spirit stages(Hegel): Family, society, state, interactions |
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Stage 3 of world spirit stages(Hegel): art, religion, philosophy |
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| his historicism had obscured the individuals responsibility to his own life |
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| Ideas came first, then the "stuff" |
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| likes Hegel's notion of conflict |
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history=one long conflict of classes |
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| sometimes we have to make this happen-not always "naturally" |
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| not just genetics-envirionment/social |
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| conflict between management and workers |
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| we are products of wealth and social status |
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| material changes affect history |
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| Basis of Society and Superstructure(who not what) |
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Marx- material, economics, social relationships (basis or supersturucture?) |
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Marx- art, religion, morals (basis or superstructure?) |
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| Condition of productivity |
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| Marx's first level of society- natural condition of resources-determined type of production |
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Marx's second level of society: equipment, tools, raw materials |
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Marx's third level of society: determined political ideologies |
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| Man alters nature- he alters himself |
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| "Spector of communist is haunting Europe" |
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| "Workers of world unite"-communist manifesto |
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"world spirit" in human mind |
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| Natural and spiritual express the same thing |
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| Gradual transition- evolution |
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| we exist in God- God has a dark side |
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| nature=expression of one Absolute, world spirit |
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| to know God is to know a person |
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criticized "sunday christianity" |
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| Hegel's dialectical process |
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| thesis, antithesis, synthesis |
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activity of artist is like playing |
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| The Sorrow of the Young Werther |
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| romantic period- view of history |
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| Liberty=ultimate source of happiness |
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| "That which does not kill me, only makes me stonger" |
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| God Exisit? Answer with faith |
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| 8=2=10----certain but will you think of it on your death bed? |
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| Kierkegaard- I believe because it is irrational |
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| 3 stages= aethetic, ethical, religious |
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1st stage of Kierkegaard: Live for now, beauty=good, boring=bad eat drink and be merry |
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2nd of Kierkegaard stages: moral choices- law lovers- follow law because you are told to |
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3rd of Kierkegaard's stages: faith rather than personal gain or blind allegiance---example:Abraham |
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| Measure headsize for intelligence |
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| self-questionairre method(de condolle) |
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| Genius is not inheritable. ENVIRONMENT |
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2 theories: 1-All life descend from primitive 2- natural selection |
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| Can't distinguish embryo of chicken from human |
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| mutations that are bad are discarded |
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| human=animal in mental faculties |
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| Comparative psychology(who not what) |
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| His theory is "hypothetical" |
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randiom variations, survival of the fittest, pass along to progeny |
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| can't prove complexoty(eye ball) |
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| Darwin-missing from Lucretius |
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| explicit account of transition and malthusian breeding-enhance competition for food |
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| immortal soul=natural selection- never answered the question |
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| christianity is superstition |
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| we mold our nature according to our will |
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| de la mitrie and de condillac |
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survival of the fittest in social world |
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comparing humans to animals(what not who) |
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| experiment, prediction, control |
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| psychology concerned with (3 things) |
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| dynamic view of history=process |
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| Nature, world soul, artistic(which type of romanticism?) |
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| History, language, culture of the people(which type of romanticism?) |
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| world soul=ego=dreamlike state |
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| red juice in sophies world |
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| blue juice in sophies world |
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breed the best, smarted people |
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beheaded-feminist-womens rights |
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Social Darwinism- first supported Lamarck even society evolved the same way as everything else survival of the fittest |
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| logical positivism- empirical observation |
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What is Kierkegaard’s term for a sense of dread or a feeling of emptiness? |
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| The machinery of evolution |
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| Galton considered individual differences in acuity or reaction time to be: |
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| To fulfill his desire for state sponsored eugenics |
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For what reason did Galton invent the intelligence test? |
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| Galton believed that individual differences in intelligence were: |
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| In which of the following disciplines was Galton NOT considered influencial? A. Criminology C. Physics B. Biology D. Geography |
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Galton’s legacy can be seen in all of the following ideas in psychology EXCEPT: A. Normal distribution C. Adoption studies B. Self questionnaires D. The hierarchy of needs |
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| "a sythesis is a relation between two" |
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| progress is maximized when gov't allows us competition- |
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