Term
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Definition
| Herbert Hoover’s approach to managing the economy. Firms and organizations in each economic sector would be asked to cooperate with each other in the pursuit of efficiency, profit, and the public good. |
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Term
| Reconstruction Finance Corporation |
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Definition
| created in 1932, created 2 billion dollars available in loans to failing banks and to corporations willing to build low-cost housing, bridges and other public works |
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Term
| Hawley-Smoot Tariff (1930) |
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Definition
| accelerated economic decline abroad and at home, raised tariffs on 75 agricultural goods from 32 to 40 percent and similar percentage on 925 manufactured goods |
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Term
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Definition
| a move Roosevelt called which ordered all banks close immediately |
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Term
| Glass-Steagall Act (June 1933) |
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Definition
| separated commercial banking from investment banking, created FDIC |
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Term
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Definition
| Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, protected up to 5000 of their deposits |
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Term
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Definition
| Army veterans who marched on Washington, D.C., in 1932 to lobby for economic relief but who were rebuffed by Hoover. |
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Term
| Agricultural Adjustment Act |
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Definition
| set up the Agricultural Adjustment Administration, which began paying farmers to keep a portion of their land out of cultivation and to reduce the size of their herds |
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Term
| National Industrial Recovery Act |
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Definition
| authorized the National Recovery Administration |
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Term
| National Recovery Administration |
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Definition
| NRA, first act was to persuade industrialists and businessmen to agree to raise wages to a minimum of 30 to 40 cents per hour and to limit employee hours to a maximum of 30 to 40 hours per week |
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Term
| Tennessee Valley Authority Act (1933) |
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Definition
| created the Tennessee Valley Authority, which was an ambitious and successful use of government resources and power to promote economic development throughout the Tennessee Valley |
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Term
| Civilian Conservation Corps |
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Definition
| assembled more than 2 million young men to plant trees, halt erosion, and otherwise improve the environment |
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Term
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Definition
| federal relief agency established in 1935 that disbursed billions to pay for infrastructural improvements and funded a vast program of public art |
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Term
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Definition
| centerpiece of the welfare state that created the first federal program that set up funds for people who were unable to support themselves (disabled and single mothers, elderly, etc) |
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Term
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Definition
| Japan seized Manchuria and created Manchukuo, a puppet state of Japan, in 1931 |
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Term
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Definition
| Roosevelt's foreign policy initiative that formally renounced the right of the US to intervene in Latin America affairs, leading to improved relations between the US and Latin America |
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Term
| Neutrality Acts (1935, 1936 - especially 1937 and 1939) |
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Definition
| legislation that restricted loans, trade, and travel with belligerent nations in an attempt to avoid the entanglements that had brought the US into WWI; became cash-and-carry |
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Term
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Definition
| occupation and annexation of Austria and into Nazi Germany in 1938 |
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Term
| Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis (Tripartite Pact - 1940) |
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Definition
| axis that consisted of 3 nations against the allies |
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Term
| Munich Conference (1938) // “Appeasement” |
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Definition
| conference where French and British leaders met with Adolf Hitler to avoid war // trying to stop aggression before it happens |
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Term
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Definition
| Hitler and Stalin agreed to on a plan to divide up Poland and permit Soviet annexation of the Baltic states (Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia) |
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Term
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Definition
| Freedom from Want, Fear, Freedom of Speech, Worship |
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Term
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Definition
| when Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill met and agreed on this charter with eight-point that disavowed territorial expansion, endorsed protection of human rights and self-determination, and pledged the postwar creation of a new world organization that would ensure "general security" |
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Term
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Definition
| responsible for Pearl Harbor |
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Term
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Definition
| Nations have to come to US to get weapons |
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Term
| Destroyers for Bases (executive agreement) |
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Definition
| US would give Britain Destroyers in exchange for British Bases |
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Term
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Definition
| United States “loaned” munitions to the Allies, hoping to avoid war by becoming an “arsenal” for the Allied cause. |
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Term
| “Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere” (content/aims) |
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Definition
| Proposition from Japan to China that would liberate Asian nations from Western colonialism and create a self–sufficient economic zone under Japanese leadership |
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