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History Final Howard
Test 3
92
History
Undergraduate 1
12/13/2011
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Term
The Washington Conference of 1921
 Definition
attempted to prevent a global naval arms race.
Term
Throughout 1928, the American stock market
 Definition
saw the number of shares traded daily soar.
Term
On October 29, 1929, the American stock market
 Definition
lost all the gains of the previous year.
Term
In 1931, the severity of the depression increased when the Federal Reserve Board
 Definition
raised interest rates.
Term
During the Great Depression, in the rural United States
 Definition
one-third of all farmers lost their land.
Term
In the 1930s, the “Dust Bowl”
 Definition
was a product of changing environmental conditions.
Term
The 1931 Scottsboro court case saw
 Definition
black teenagers accused of rape by two white women.
Term
In the 1930s, the largest Japanese- and Chinese-American populations were found in
 Definition
California
Term
During the Great Depression,
 Definition
the divorce rate declined.
Term
During the 1930s, the most important group within the Popular Front was the
 Definition
Communist Party.
Term
As Herbert Hoover began his presidency, he
 Definition
considered the country to have a bright economic future.
Term
President Herbert Hoover responded to the onset of the Great Depression by
 Definition
urging voluntary cooperation from business leaders.
Term
In 1932, the Reconstruction Finance Corporation
 Definition
lent funds only to financial institutions with sufficient collateral.
Term
In 1932, the Farmers’ Holiday Association
 Definition
was essentially a farmers’ strike.
Term
Franklin Roosevelt’s victory over Herbert Hoover in 1932
 Definition
was a convincing mandate.
Term
Between his election in 1932 and the inauguration in 1933, Franklin Roosevelt
 Definition
refused to make any agreements with the outgoing president, Herbert Hoover.
Term
After Democrats won control of Congress in the 1930 elections, President Herbert Hoover
 Definition
refused to support a more vigorous public spending program for relief.
Term
In 1928, Herbert Hoover predicted the end to poverty in America was near.
 Definition
True
Term
The Great Depression was caused by the stock market crash of October 1929.
 Definition
False
Term
Following the “great crash,” the Federal Reserve system lowered interest rates in an effort to revive the American economy.
 Definition
False
Term
Popular culture in the 1930s held that married women should not work outside the home.
 Definition
True
Term
The “bonus marchers” of 1932 demanded that Congress make an early payment of a promised “bonus” for World War I veterans.
 Definition
True
Term
Throughout the 1920s, the performance of the United States economy
 Definition
saw nearly uninterrupted prosperity coupled with severe inequalities.
Term
During the 1920s, a great worry for industrialists was the fear of
 Definition
the overproduction of goods.
Term
In the 1920s, “welfare capitalism”
 Definition
was a paternalistic approach used by corporate leaders on their workers.
Term
During the 1920s, the American Federation of Labor (AFL)
 Definition
believed workers should be organized on the basis of skills.
Term
In the workplace, the “open shop” meant
 Definition
no worker was required to join a union.
Term
During the 1920s, the agricultural economy of the United States saw
 Definition
a sharp decline in farmers’ incomes.
Term
In the 1920s, a growing interest in birth control among middle-class women resulted from
 Definition
the attitude that sexual activity should not be for procreation only.
Term
During the 1920s, birth control in the United States
 Definition
was illegal in many states.
Term
During the 1920s, the National Woman’s Party campaigned primarily for the
 Definition
Equal Rights Amendment.
Term
In the 1920s, artists and intellectuals in the Harlem Renaissance
 Definition
drew heavily from their African heritage.
Term
During the 1920s, the greatest sustained support for the Eighteenth Amendment came from
 Definition
rural Protestants.
Term
The National Origins Act of 1924
 Definition
entirely banned immigration from East Asia to the United States.
Term
During the 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan
 Definition
opposed the existing diversity of American society.
Term
As a result of the Scopes trial of 1925,
 Definition
fundamentalists reduced their participation in political activism.
Term
Al Smith lost the 1928 presidential election, in part, because
 Definition
he failed to carry the South.
Term
As president, Warren Harding
 Definition
never abandoned the party hacks who had brought him to success.
Term
Throughout the 1920s, the federal government
 Definition
saw leaders of business take prominent positions in the federal government.
Term
To Herbert Hoover, “associationalism” meant
 Definition
the creation of national organizations of businessmen in particular industries.
Term
During the Harding administration, the Teapot Dome scandal involved
 Definition
transfers of national oil reserves.
Term
In the 1920s, airplanes were largely curiosities and a source of entertainment.
 Definition
True
Term
During the 1920s, most employed women were nonprofessional, lower-class workers.
 Definition
True
Term
During the 1920s, the federal government enjoyed a supportive relationship with the American business community.
 Definition
True
Term
Both Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge took essentially passive approaches to the presidency.
 Definition
True
Term
Democratic candidate Al Smith did quite well in large cities, but he was the first Democrat since the Civil War not to carry the entire South.
 Definition
True
Term
In his foreign policy for Latin America, President Herbert Hoover
 Definition
repudiated the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine.
Term
In 1929, a fascist-led government was in power in
 Definition
Italy
Term
In 1932, the Hoover administration, in response to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria,
 Definition
issued warnings to the Japanese government.
Term
President Franklin Roosevelt’s “Good Neighbor Policy”
 Definition
expanded initiatives begun under Herbert Hoover.
Term
During the 1920s and 1930s, interest in pursuing an isolationist foreign policy
 Definition
reflected the sentiments of a majority of the American public.
Term
The Neutrality Act of 1937
 Definition
allowed warring nations to purchase nonmilitary goods in the United States if they paid cash.
Term
In 1937, after Japanese pilots sank the U.S. gunboat Panay in China, President Roosevelt
 Definition
accepted Japan’s claim that the bombing had been an accident.
Term
In 1938, the Anschluss
 Definition
proclaimed a union between Germany and Austria.
Term
The Munich conference of 1938 was precipitated by a crisis over
 Definition
Czechoslovakia
Term
Germany began World War II in Europe days after
 Definition
a nonaggression pact was signed between Germany and Russia.
Term
Following the outbreak of war in Europe in 1939, President Franklin Roosevelt
 Definition
declared that the United States would remain neutral.
Term
In 1940, President Franklin Roosevelt’s decision to give fifty American destroyers to England
 Definition
circumvented the cash-and-carry provision of the Neutrality Acts.
Term
The America First Committee
 Definition
was a powerful lobby against U.S. involvement in the war.
Term
In 1940, the “lend-lease” plan
 Definition
allowed the U.S. to loan weapons to England to be returned when the war was over.
Term
In 1941, the Atlantic Charter
 Definition
saw the United States and England claim to share common principles.
Term
The Tripartite Pact was a defensive alliance between
 Definition
Japan, Germany, and Italy.
Term
In 1941, prior to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor,
 Definition
President Franklin Roosevelt froze all Japanese assets in the United States.
Term
Which of the following statements regarding the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor is FALSE?
 Definition
The State department assumed the Japanese would never attack American interests.
Term
In 1941, Germany’s declaration of war against the United States
 Definition
occurred before the United States declared war on it.
Term
Under the Dawes Plan, the United States lent money to European countries to repay war debts owed to the United States.
 Definition
True
Term
The United States, Great Britain, and France were united in their opposition to assisting either side in the Spanish Civil War.
 Definition
True
Term
President Roosevelt’s first response to the war in Europe was to request that Congress extend lend-lease to the Allies.
 Definition
False
Term
By 1940, the American ambassador to Great Britain, Joseph Kennedy, thought that the British cause was hopeless.
 Definition
True
Term
Lend-lease to Great Britain led directly to an American decision to convoy goods across the Atlantic Ocean.
 Definition
True
Term
In World War II, the main American strategy to fight Japan was to
 Definition
mount two offensive campaigns to attack the Japanese from two directions.
Term
The Battle of the Coral Sea in 1942
 Definition
marked the first important victory by the United States against Japan.
Term
In 1943, the country that pressed for an immediate Allied invasion of France against Germany was
 Definition
the Soviet Union.
Term
In 1942–1943, the British and American war effort against the Nazis concentrated on
 Definition
fighting in North Africa.
Term
In 1943, at the Casablanca Conference, the Allies decided they would next invade
 Definition
Sicily
Term
During World War II, the first Axis country to be defeated was
 Definition
Italy
Term
In regards to European Jewish refugees, between 1939 and 1945, the United States
 Definition
refused to accept large numbers of refugees.
Term
During World War II, the labor force of the United States
 Definition
saw fifteen million people leave civilian labor for the armed forces.
Term
In 1943, to simplify tax collections, Congress enacted
 Definition
automatic payroll deductions.
Term
During World War II, Germany held the technological edge over the Allies in
 Definition
rocket-propelled bombs.
Term
During World War II, all of the following were Allied advances in intelligence-gathering EXCEPT the
 Definition
creation of the Enigma machine for coded communications.
Term
During World War II, the United States military
 Definition
began to relax its practices of racial segregation.
Term
In 1942, the United States and Mexico agreed to the braceros program which
 Definition
admitted Mexican contract laborers into the United States for a limited time.
Term
In 1942, when the United States interned Japanese Americans in “relocation centers,”
 Definition
there was no evidence that the Japanese Americans were a domestic security risk.
Term
During World War II, Congress abolished the
 Definition
CCC and WPA.
Term
In August 1945, the primary reason the United States dropped a second atomic bomb on Japan was because
 Definition
the Japanese did not immediately surrender after the first bomb was dropped.
Term
In April 1945, American and British forces halted their advance on Germany at the Elbe River
 Definition
to wait for the Russian army to arrive.
Term
The Allied invasion of Sicily led to the collapse of the Mussolini government.
 Definition
True
Term
United States was preparing to drop an atomic bomb on Germany when it surrendered.
 Definition
False
Term
During the 1944 presidential campaign, Franklin Roosevelt was gravely ill.
 Definition
True
Term
The Soviet Union favored the Allied African campaign as a way to divert German resources from the eastern front.
 Definition
False
Term
The United States government consistently resisted calls to make an Allied effort to save Jews caught in the Holocaust.
 Definition
True
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