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History Final Howard
Test 4
88
History
Undergraduate 1
12/13/2011
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Term
In early 1943, at the Casablanca Conference
 Definition
Winston Churchill and Franklin Roosevelt agreed the Axis powers must surrender unconditionally.
Term
In early 1945, at the Yalta Conference
 Definition
it was agreed the Soviet Union should regain land lost in the 1904 Russo-Japanese War.
Term
In designing the structure of the new United Nations, planners called for
 Definition
each nation on the Security Council to have veto power over the others.
Term
In 1945, when Harry Truman became president he
 Definition
had almost no familiarity with foreign affairs.
Term
In 1945, President Harry Truman conceded to communist authority in
 Definition
Poland
Term
In the years immediately following World War II, the United States policy toward Asia saw
 Definition
the Truman administration encouraged the rapid economic growth of Japan
Term
Beginning in 1947, the United States’ policy of “containment” was
 Definition
the basis for its foreign policy for more than forty years.
Term
In 1948, the Soviet Union’s blockade of West Berlin was primarily a response to
 Definition
the creation of a unified West Germany
Term
In 1948, President Harry Truman responded to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin by
 Definition
airlifting supplies to West Berlin
Term
The 1950 National Security Council report known as NSC-68 stated
 Definition
the United States must resist communism anywhere it developed in the world.
Term
The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944
 Definition
gave housing and education subsidies to veterans
Term
The 1946 elections
 Definition
saw Republicans win control of both houses of Congress.
Term
In 1949, the Truman administration made progress in civil rights by
 Definition
ordering an end to discrimination in the hiring of government employees.
Term
In 1950, the immediate cause of the Korean War was the
 Definition
military invasion by North Korea into South Korea.
Term
After World War II, in Korea, the government of Syngman Rhee
 Definition
was pro-Western
Term
In 1950, the Truman administration responded to the onset of fighting in Korea by
 Definition
calling on the United Nations to intervene.
Term
In 1951, President Harry Truman relieved General Douglas MacArthur of command because
 Definition
MacArthur publicly criticized President Truman’s policy in Korea
Term
Of the following, the HUAC investigation of Alger Hiss primarily helped the political career of
 Definition
Richard Nixon.
Term
In 1947, the Truman administration responded to Republican attacks that it was weak on communism by
 Definition
beginning an investigation into the loyalty of federal employees
Term
. In 1950, Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were accused of spying for
 Definition
the Soviet Union
Term
Joseph McCarthy burst to national prominence by charging that there were known communists in the
 Definition
State Department
Term
During Joseph McCarthy’s investigation into alleged subversion in government
 Definition
he never produced conclusive evidence that any federal employee was a communist
Term
The results of the election of 1952 saw
 Definition
the end to a long period of Democratic dominance.
Term
During the Korean War, the American invasion at Inchon
a. was a military debacle
 Definition
prompted President Truman to try and push communists out of North Korea.
Term
Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin met together for the first time at Teheran.
 Definition
True
Term
At the Yalta Conference, Stalin agreed again to enter the war in the Pacific against Japan.
 Definition
True
Term
The “zones of occupation” for postwar Germany left Berlin well inside the Soviet zone.
 Definition
True
Term
At Yalta, Roosevelt and Stalin agreed that Germany should be permanently divided.
 Definition
False
Term
The Soviets responded to the creation of NATO by forming an alliance with communist governments called the Warsaw Pact.
 Definition
True
Term
One of the chief obstacles in John Kennedy’s presidential bid in 1960 was his
 Definition
religion
Term
n regards to the assassination of President John Kennedy,
 Definition
Lee Harvey Oswald was shot and killed while in police custody.
Term
The Warren Commission investigation of the assassination of President John Kennedy concluded
 Definition
Lee Harvey Oswald was the lone assassin of Kennedy.
Term
in 1965, President Lyndon Johnson’s Medicare program
 Definition
was similar in design to the Social Security system
Term
Only weeks after taking office, President Lyndon Johnson declared a “war” on
 Definition
poverty.
Term
The Immigration Act of 1965
 Definition
eliminated rules which gave preference to immigrants from northern Europe
Term
Great Society reforms
 Definition
contributed to the greatest reduction in poverty in American history.
Term
In February 1960, the first “sit-in” demonstration protesting segregation was held at a
 Definition
lunch counter
Term
Martin Luther King’s “I Have A Dream” speech
 Definition
was given during the largest civil rights demonstration in the nation’s history to that point.
Term
Legislation to prohibit segregation in all public accommodations was proposed
 Definition
by Kennedy and approved during the Johnson administration.
Term
The Civil Rights Act of 1965 primarily focused on the issue of
 Definition
voting rights
Term
In 1965, the first major race riot in the United States since World War II took place in
 Definition
Los Angeles
Term
In the 1960s, the philosophy of “black power”
 Definition
called for an increased awareness of racial differences.
Term
All of the following actions were initiated by President John Kennedy EXCEPT
 Definition
the CIA plan to overthrow Fidel Castro
Term
During the Bay of Pigs operation, President John Kennedy decided to withhold
 Definition
military air support
Term
The 1962 Cuban missile crisis saw the
 Definition
United States order a naval and air blockade of Cuba.
Term
The Cuban missile crisis ended after President John Kennedy agreed to
 Definition
not invade Cuba
Term
Under the terms of the 1954 Geneva Conference accords, Vietnam was
 Definition
to hold elections in 1956
Term
The National Liberation Front was
 Definition
also known in the United States as the Viet Cong
Term
In 1963, the overthrow of South Vietnamese President Ngo Dinh Diem
 Definition
was supported by the Kennedy administration
Term
The 1964 Gulf of Tonkin Resolution was in response to
 Definition
alleged attacks by North Vietnamese torpedo boats on American destroyers.
Term
The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
 Definition
gave President Lyndon Johnson wide latitude to escalate the conflict.
Term
Throughout the Vietnam War, the “Ho Chi Minh Trail” was
 Definition
continually moved by the North Vietnamese
Term
The assassin of Robert Kennedy had been angered by Kennedy’s
 Definition
statements in favor of Israel.
Term
In 1968, anti-war protesters at the Democratic convention in Chicago
 Definition
were attacked by police in a bloody riot.
Term
In the 1968 presidential campaign, Richard Nixon called for
 Definition
stability and national law and order
Term
For a time, President Johnson was successful both as a social reformer and a coalition builder.
 Definition
True
Term
The Immigration Act of 1965 set a strict limit on the number of immigrants to be admitted to the United States even as it eliminated the “national origins” system of the 1920s.
 Definition
True
Term
Martin Luther King confined his civil rights campaigns to the South.
 Definition
False
Term
Lyndon Johnson came into the presidency with little prior experience in foreign affairs
 Definition
True
Term
n 1965, President Johnson enlarged the air war and the ground war in Vietnam
 Definition
True
Term
Between 1945 and 1960, the birth rate in the United States
 Definition
reversed a long pattern of decline.
Term
During the 1950s, the region of the United States that experienced the most dramatic change as a result of the economic growth was
 Definition
the West
Term
During the 1950s, the American Federation of Labor in the United States
 Definition
merged with the Congress of Industrial Organizations
Term
During the 1950s, the United States government’s primary motive for the development of rocket and missile technology was
 Definition
for the long-range delivery of weapons.
Term
In 1960, the United States first successfully launched a missile from a submarine with the
 Definition
Polaris
Term
The primary purpose of the American Apollo program was to
 Definition
land men on the moon
Term
In 1946, Dr. Benjamin Spock’s best-selling "Baby and Child Care" contended that
 Definition
mothers should stay at home with their children.
Term
During the 1950s, television networks
 Definition
generally sought to convey an idealized image of America.
Term
The Supreme Court decision in "Brown v. Board of Education" (1954)
 Definition
declared that separate educational facilities were unlawful.
Term
In 1957, the effort to integrate Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas required
 Definition
the presence of federal troops to enforce court orders.
Term
The Montgomery bus boycott of 1955–1956
 Definition
marked the emergence of an effective form of racial protest.
Term
Martin Luther King, Jr., was leader of the
 Definition
Southern Christian Leadership Conference.
Term
The most significant and costly initiative of the federal government under President Dwight Eisenhower involved
 Definition
a nuclear energy program.
Term
In the 1956 elections
 Definition
President Dwight Eisenhower faced his 1952 Democratic opponent.
Term
The political decline of Senator Joseph McCarthy began when he investigated
 Definition
the army
Term
In 1954, in regards to Senator Joseph McCarthy, the United States Senate voted to
 Definition
censure him for “conduct unbecoming a senator.”
Term
In 1954, under John Foster Dulles’s concept of “massive retaliation,” the United States would
 Definition
use nuclear weapons against communist aggression
Term
Until the early 1950s, the country the United States assisted in trying to control Vietnam was
 Definition
England
Term
Between 1945–1959, the United States policy in the Middle East saw the
 Definition
CIA engineer a coup that brought the Shah of Iran to power.
Term
The Eisenhower administration responded to Fidel Castro’s coming to power in Cuba by
 Definition
ending diplomatic relations
Term
In 1960, the Soviet Union’s announcement it had shot down an American U-2 spy plane
 Definition
led Soviet Premier Khrushchev to cancel a planned visit by Eisenhower to Moscow.
Term
In his farewell address to the nation, President Dwight Eisenhower warned against the dangers of
 Definition
“the military-industrial complex.”
Term
In 1954, the Eisenhower administration ordered the CIA to help overthrow the government of
 Definition
Guatemala.
Term
Fulgencio Batista came to power in Cuba with American help.
 Definition
True
Term
Given mounting American dependence on foreign oil, the Truman administration was reluctant to recognize the new state of Israel.
 Definition
False
Term
The 1954 division of Korea into northern and southern regions was supposed to be temporary
 Definition
True
Term
As president, Dwight Eisenhower eventually managed to balance the federal budget while making significant additions to the Social Security system.
 Definition
True
Term
In the 1950s, the great majority of American poor people lived in a permanent state of “hard-core” poverty.
 Definition
False
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