Term
| Who became president in the election of 1788? How was he selected? |
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Definition
| George Washington. State legislature chose the electors, and the electors chose the president |
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Term
| Why did the electors choose George Washington to be their president? |
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Definition
| The vote was unanimous, because they trusted him not to become a dictator |
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Term
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Definition
| born in the Caribbean and migrated to the US. Self-educated. Served as GW's aide in the Revolutionary War. Became GW's Sec. of Treasury. invented the factory system. Wanted America to be industrialized. Later became leader of the Federalist Party |
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Term
| What is the factory system? |
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Definition
| things hand-made, and produced in factories allowing mass production. |
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Term
| Why did Alexander Hamilton think of the factory system? |
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Definition
| America in great debt after the war, thought that it would make America one of the most powerful nations. He thought debt needed to be paid off in order for them to be respected. |
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Term
| What 2 taxes were created in order to pay the debts from the war back? |
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Definition
| Federal tax and the whiskey tax |
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Term
| Why did they choose to tax whiskey? |
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Definition
| Its was very highly consumed because there was no truly effective medicines, or pain killers, and it was the only effective intoxicant, no other drugs or pain killers. |
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Term
| What was the result of the Whiskey Tax? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Centered in Pennsylvania. Whiskey rebels were PA farmers who tar & feathered tax collectors. Refused to pay the tax b/c it was cutting into their profits. They learned how to make their own whiskey. |
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Term
| What was the result of the whiskey rebellion? |
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Definition
| Washington & Hamilton sent 13,000 US soldiers to PA led by Washington himself. It was a failure because when the army got there the farmers ran away because they were so shocked. |
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Term
| What is the significance of the whiskey rebellion? |
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Definition
| It showed that breaking federal laws was unacceptable |
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Term
| What was different about George Washington's cabinet when he was re-elected in 1792? |
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Definition
| Thomas Jefferson quit, because his political beliefs were different. |
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Term
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Definition
| In GW's first cabinet as Sec of State. leader of the republican party. |
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Term
| What did George Washington believe about political parties? |
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Definition
| He didnt think they were supposed to exist because they were not mentioned in the constitution. |
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Term
| What was the biggest issue with the Federalist party and the Republican party? |
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Definition
| They had differences in how they thought the constitution should be interpreted. |
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Term
| How did the federalists interpret the constitution? |
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Definition
| In a may that gave a maximum amount of power to the government. More in favor of laws giving more power to the federal gov't, consequently states have less power. |
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Term
| How did the Republicans interpret the Constitution? |
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Definition
| In a way that gave states more power than the federal gov't. They believed the states more accurately represented citizens |
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Term
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Definition
| elected president in 1800 & 1804. Louisiana Purchase his idea |
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Term
| Who owned Louisiana at the time of the Louisiana Purchase? |
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Definition
| France. They had taken it back from Spain. |
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Term
| Why did Bonaparte conquer Louisiana? What was his plan? |
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Definition
| Conquered it as territory for his countries use. ad a plan to conquer all of Europe |
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Term
| Who did Jefferson send to France? |
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Definition
| James Monroe, a republican, VA congressman |
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Term
| What happened when Monroe went to France? |
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Definition
| Jefferson told Monroe to tell Napolean 10 mil, Napolean wanted 15, and Monroe agreed |
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Term
| What happened when Monroe went to France? |
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Definition
| Jefferson told Monroe to tell Napolean 10 mil, Napolean wanted 15, and Monroe agreed |
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Term
| Who did Jefferson send to explore Louisiana? |
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Definition
| Lewis, his personal secretary, and clark. They took with them a group of men and 1 woman. |
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Term
| Though he wanted to really badly, why couldnt Jefferson go explore Louisiana? |
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Definition
1) he was the president
2) He was in his 40-50s his health was in no condition to go |
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Term
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Definition
| Biggest victory for the US. Battle lasted 2 hrs. British had 8000 soldiers America had 7000. 2,000 members of the Cherokee tribe, others volunteers. Set up baricades to take cover behind.. America lost only 7 members |
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Term
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Definition
| commander of the Army in the Battle of New Orleans. Became hero of the battle. Resigned from the military after the war & became a politician. Elected president in 1828, being in the military helped him out |
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Term
| What is the significance of the war of 1812? |
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Definition
| America recognized as a world power, because they withstood a British invasion twice |
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Term
| What made slavery so indestructable? |
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Definition
| The Cotton Boom, it was such a profitable crop. It was produced on farms and plantations through slave labor. |
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Term
| How did VA state legislatures feel about slavery? |
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Definition
| delegates were debating & trying to find a way to end slavery without causing slaveholders to lose money. VA wanted to give slaveholders money so they wouldnt suddenly become poor if they ended slavery |
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Term
| How was state legislatures dealing with the topic of slavery especially in VA? |
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Definition
| delegates were debating & trying to find a way to end slavery without causing slaveholders to lose money. VA wanted to give slaveholders money so they wouldnt suddenly become poor if they ended slavery |
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Term
| Who invented the cotton gin? Why? |
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Definition
| Eli Whitley because he was a private tutor on a plantation and saw that what little cotton was produced was very time consuming |
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Term
| How did the cotton gin work? |
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Definition
| Take the cotton, put it in the machine, turn the handle, and the teeth that were on the rollers intersect and quickly pull out the cotton seeds. |
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Term
| How was cotton transported? |
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Definition
| it was transported on large steamboats. The Mississippi river served as a highway leading directly to the Port of New Orleans. Later began exporting to Europe, who later began making textile factories |
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Term
| After Cotton Gin & its spread what name was given to America? |
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Definition
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Term
| How did the spread of cotton production negatively affect the US |
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Definition
| Any thought of slavery ending was ruined. slavery became the number 1 staple crop |
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Term
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Definition
| Event that initiated the break up of the US, because the US was so divided over the issue of slavery and whether or not it should be spread the territories. |
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Term
| What was different about the election of 1860 than any other previous election? |
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Definition
| Parties were split. They had a candidate for the North and the South |
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Term
| What party was Abraham Lincoln on the ballot for |
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Definition
| A new party called the Free State Party, though he was a Republican |
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Term
| How did southern states try to hinder Abraham Lincoln's run for president? Why? |
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Definition
| Did not put him on the ballot in Southern states. He was against slavery, and THAT was against southern states interest. He won ANYWAY!!! |
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Term
| What happened within a few days of Abraham Lincoln winning the election? |
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Definition
| States began to declare that they were going to secede from the union, and acted like it was their right to do so. |
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Term
| Which state was first to secede from the union? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Lincoln do about the southern states secession? |
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Definition
| Nothing. He didnt want to start a civil war, neither did congress. If they were going to start a war, Southern states must fire the 1st shot |
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Term
| Who was the president of the Southern states? |
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Definition
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Term
| How were the Southern states set up as a government? |
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Definition
| Called themselves the confederate states of America, wrote a constitution almost identical to that of the US, set up a legislature of Congress. White men couldnt vote unless they owned land |
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Term
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Definition
| 1820. Involved blacks and whites living in the South. Whites risked imprisonment for years. They invited weary travelers into their homes at night, fed them, gave them a place to sleep, bandaged any wounds they, had, then sent them on their way in the morning |
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Term
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Definition
became pres of the south
2nd most powerful senator, from mississippi
typical southern plantation owner
200+ slaves
had been Sec of War for the Pres. cabinet
fought in the Mexican war as an officer
Student/graduate of military academy of west point |
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Term
| What happened on Lincoln's first day in the White house? |
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Definition
| had a letter waiting for him from the governor of South Carolina demanding US vacate from Fort Sumpter immediately, otherwise they would be attacked. |
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Term
| Did Lincoln vacate Fort Sumpter? Why or Why not? |
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Definition
| No, he couldn't let a governor tell him what to do. He was the president. |
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Term
| What happened as soon as the ships sailed from DC to Fort Sumpter? What was the result? |
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Definition
| Confederates gave the commander of the ft one last time to surrender. On April 12, 1861 at 4:30 am Confederate army opened fire on Ft. Sumpter which began the civil war. |
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Term
| What is the significance of the Civil War? |
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Definition
| America's largest, most major war |
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Term
| What new form of communication was invented in 1844? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Lincoln hope to accomplish through this war? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many states were on the Confederate side? |
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Definition
| Started off with 7, wound up with 11 because 4 more states joined. VA was one of them. |
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Term
| What are the border states? |
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Definition
| States that were in between the union and the south, including West VA. Each one of the slaves states were slave states |
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Term
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Definition
| Used to be VA. When VA seceded from the union the western region of VA did not agree. They were much different from the state of VA, they wanted to remain loyal to the union. |
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Term
| Why was it so important that the border states remain border states? |
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Definition
| The more states that joined the confederacy, the better chance they had |
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Term
| Which border state was Lincoln most concerned with? Why? |
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Definition
| Maryland, because it was a direct link between, VA,a confederate state, and DC |
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Term
| What did Lincoln do that was unconstitutional to make sure Maryland did not join the confederacy? |
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Definition
| had all the members of the MD legislature who wanted to secede from the union arrested without any opportunity to bail bond |
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Term
| What was the result of Lincoln's unconstitutional act against MD legislatures? |
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Definition
| Their families hired lawyers, the trial finally got all the way up to the supreme court, and Lincoln was ordered to immediately free those legislatures. By that time MD had already voted to stay in the union. |
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Term
| How were the men thinking about the war? |
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Definition
| Both sides thought it was going to be a piece of cake. Both sides though they would win it for sure. |
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Term
| How long did they anticipate the civil war to last? |
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Definition
| 3 mos. In fact, Lincoln only called for 3 month enlistments. Ppl were tripping over themselves to join the army |
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Term
| How many ppl were killed in the civil war? Why was this significant? |
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Definition
| 620,000 killed. Almost everyone knew somebody that was killed. more ppl killed in this single war than in nearly all american wars combined, up to half of the Vietnam war |
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Term
| Why did Abraham Lincoln want his men to go to Richmond? |
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Definition
| if they could capture the president of the confederacy, they could end the war quickly |
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Term
| Who was the general of the union during the civil war? |
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Definition
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Term
| Newspapers reported that a confederate force had positioned itself between Richmond and DC, where were they? |
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Definition
| Bull Run, a waterway that ran through Manassas. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lincoln ordered McDowell to take 30, 000 of the Us's 35000 soldiers to Bull Run. He knew the Confederates had 20,000. As soon as the union showed up, the battle began immediately. Union winning during the first part. A train pulled into the station during the battle carrying 4000 Confederates |
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Term
| Who was the commander if the confederates during the civil war? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
nicknamed: Stonewall Jackson
very good, aggressive general
rode his horse up to the front lines, and sat there encouraging his men to keep fighting
graduate of West Point military academy
Vet of the mexican war
During the time that the war broke out, Jackson was a math professor at VMI |
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Term
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Definition
nicknamed: Stonewall Jackson
very good, aggressive general
rode his horse up to the front lines, and sat there encouraging his men to keep fighting
graduate of West Point military academy
Vet of the mexican war
During the time that the war broke out, Jackson was a math professor at VMI |
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Term
| Emancipation Proclamation |
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Definition
issued Jan 1, 1863 by Lincoln
decided the war was so terrible it was definitely going to end slavery together.
ended slavery but only in a certain area.
Lincoln wanted to end it entirely but he couldnt afford for the border states to join the confederacy |
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Term
| What did it take to actually end slavery? |
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Definition
| An amendment to the constitution. The 13 amendments, which states never will there be slavery anywhere in the US unless the person is convicted of a crime and sent to prison. |
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