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History 2610 Final Exam
United States History to1865
150
History
Undergraduate 1
04/11/2013
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Term
Spain used its gold and silver from the New World to:
 Definition
finance expensive wars against other European nations.
Term
In which of the following Indian culture areas were settlements the largest?
 Definition
Mesoamerica
Term
The native peoples of the Caribbean:
 Definition
probably migrated to the islands from North and South America.
Term
France's first attempt to establish a colony:
 Definition
failed miserably.
Term
Portuguese expansion into Africa in the fifteenth century included trade in all of the following EXCEPT:
 Definition
tea
Term
The introduction of what crop transformed the economy of Carolina?
 Definition
rice
Term
Who founded a permanent settlement in Quebec in 1608?
 Definition
Samuel de Champlain
Term
In early French settlements in America, there were:
 Definition
More men than women
Term
By 1600, which group had become the leading economic power in Europe?
 Definition
The Dutch
Term
What was the first settlement established by the Virginia Company?
 Definition
Jamestown
Term
By 1750, which group dominated much of North America?
 Definition
Native Americans
Term
The Pueblo Revolt took place in:
 Definition
New Mexico
Term
Most Africans came to America as:
 Definition
Slaves
Term
The only crop to turn a profit in the early history of Georgia was:
 Definition
Rice
Term
What was the largest slave uprising?
 Definition
Stono Rebellion
Term
George Washington’s family plantation was located in:
 Definition
Mount Vernon
Term
Which region was the predominant exporter of sugar?
 Definition
British West Indies
Term
All of the following established the Puritan religion as the official religion EXCEPT:
 Definition
Rhode Island
Term
Of the following, the man who made the greatest scientific contributions was:
 Definition
Benjamin Franklin
Term
The French and Indian War:
 Definition
started in North America
Term
At the end of the French and Indian War, which country gained possession of Cuba?
 Definition
Spain
Term
The Proclamation of 1763 forbade white settlement:
 Definition
West of the Appalachians.
Term
The Paxton Boys massacred a group of which Indians?
 Definition
Conestogas
Term
The American Revenue Act was commonly known as the:
 Definition
Sugar Act
Term
What Act was passed by Parliament along with the repeal of the Stamp Act?
 Definition
The Declaratory Act
Term
Vigilante groups formed in North Carolina in the 1760s called themselves:
 Definition
Regulators.
Term
The Second Continental Congress was held in:
 Definition
Philadelphia
Term
Congress VOTED on the Declaration of Independence on:
 Definition
July 2, 1776
Term
Most Whigs subscribed to the political ideology known as:
 Definition
Republicanism.
Term
Which battle took place the day after Christmas 1776?
 Definition
The Battle of Trenton
Term
The nickname for British soldiers was:
 Definition
Tommys
Term
The Continental Army spent the winter of 1777 in:
 Definition
Valley Forge, PA.
Term
Patriot guerilla leader Francis Marion was nicknamed :
 Definition
Swamp Fox
Term
England established what African colony for ex-slaves?
 Definition
Liberia
Term
Who controlled Florida in the aftermath of the 1783 Treaty of Paris?
 Definition
Spain
Term
Which of the following Revolutionary War events happened FIRST?
 Definition
Battle of Princeton.
Term
Who composed the first draft of the Declaration of Independence?
 Definition
Thomas Jefferson
Term
From 1776-1807, property-holding women had the right to vote:
 Definition
In New Jersey
Term
State constitutions tended to:
 Definition
Lower property requirements for the right to vote.
Term
Under the Articles of Confederation, the national government could NOT:
 Definition
Raise an army.
Term
The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 did all of the following EXCEPT:
 Definition
Provide the groundwork for ten new states.
Term
The Virginia Plan was introduced by:
 Definition
James Madison
Term
The New Jersey Plan:
 Definition
Was the basis for voting in the Senate.
Term
The Constitution established a __________ government.
 Definition
Federal.
Term
Judicial Review is the:
 Definition
Supreme Court’s right to have the final say on constitutionality.
Term
Squatters:
 Definition
Occupied land even though they held no title on it.
Term
The first government’s base of supports was strengthened by:
 Definition
Passing the Bill of Rights.
Term
Thomas Jefferson felt that the creation of the Bank of the United States was:
 Definition
Unconstitutional.
Term
Hamilton’s ideas included all of the following EXCEPT:
 Definition
Promoting an agrarian-based economy for the United States.
Term
The first Secretary of Treasury was:
 Definition
Alexander Hamilton
Term
The Whiskey Rebellion was spurred by:
 Definition
Opposition to Hamilton’s excise tax.
Term
The XYZ Affair almost caused:
 Definition
A declaration of war against France.
Term
The Sedition Act can easily be seen as a violation of:
 Definition
First amendment rights.
Term
The winner of the election of 1796 was:
 Definition
John Adams.
Term
Washington was inaugurated in:
 Definition
1789
Term
In his First Inaugural Address, Thomas Jefferson emphasized:
 Definition
The ideals of republicanism.
Term
The ruling of this Supreme Court judge ended the Republican offensive against the judiciary:
 Definition
Chase
Term
President Jefferson failed in his attempt to:
 Definition
Purchase West Florida from Spain.
Term
Tecumseh was the chief of which tribe?
 Definition
Shawnee.
Term
Which man was President during the “era of good feelings”?:
 Definition
James Monroe.
Term
Which President made the decision to declare war on England in 1812?
 Definition
James Madison.
Term
Who was the first non-federalist elected as president, he was very popular with yeoman farmers:
 Definition
Thomas Jefferson.
Term
Who killed Alexander Hamilton in a gun duel in New Jersey?:
 Definition
Aaron Burr
Term
Who composed the “Star Spangled Banner” ?:
 Definition
Francis Scott Key (wrote lyrics, John Stafford Smith composed.)
Term
During his 35 years on the Supreme Court, his forceful personality supported national goals:
 Definition
John Marshall
Term
The Supreme Court’s decision in McCulloch v. Maryland:
 Definition
Made it impossible to renew the charter Bank of the United States.
Term
The Monroe Doctrine proclaimed all of the following policies EXCEPT:
 Definition
The active American presence in republican revolutions across the globe.
Term
The Missouri Compromise attempted to:
 Definition
Calm growing differences over the issue of slavery.
Term
The main architect of the Missouri Compromise was:
 Definition
Henry Clay.
Term
The man with the nickname “the great compromiser was:
 Definition
Henry Clay.
Term
Which man became a national figure when he led the Americans to victory at the Battle of New Orleans?
 Definition
Andrew Jackson
Term
Which group was an active participant in the Second Great Awakening?
 Definition
Baptists
Term
The spoils system features a strategy in which:
 Definition
Government jobs are given to supporters of the victorious party.
Term
The first presidential candidate of the Democratic Party was:
 Definition
Andrew Jackson.
Term
The Indian Removal Act:
 Definition
Included Indians living in Florida.
Term
Under the Indian Removal Act, most Indians were sent to:
 Definition
Oklahoma.
Term
South Carolinian who was a major spokesman for nullification in the 1830s:
 Definition
John C. Calhoun.
Term
After succeeding Harrison as president, he switched parties and was a vice-presidential candidate for the Democrats. :
 Definition
John Tyler.
Term
Creator of the American System and powerful Whig who was frustrated in his many failed attempts to become president :
 Definition
Henry Clay.
Term
During his second term, President Jackson:
 Definition
Dismantled the Bank of the United States.
Term
The Whig Party was:
 Definition
A supporter of government for economic development.
Term
Compared to Democrats, Whigs were more likely to:
 Definition
Oppose westward expansion.
Term
The winner of the 1844 election was:
 Definition
James Polk.
Term
The first president to die in office was:
 Definition
William Henry Harrison
Term
Which of the following is NOT a state in the Lower South :
 Definition
North Carolina.
Term
Which of the following is NOT a state in the Upper South? :
 Definition
Georgia.
Term
In 1860, tobacco was an important crop in:
 Definition
Virginia.
Term
The first large-scale plan of slave rebellion was led by:
 Definition
Gabriel Prosser
Term
Which religious group was largely involved in beginning the Underground Railroad?
 Definition
Quakers.
Term
Over 60 whites in Virginia were killed in a rebellion led by :
 Definition
Nat Turner.
Term
Most free blacks in the South lived in:
 Definition
The Upper South.
Term
What percentage of southern white families did NOT own slaves in 1860?:
 Definition
75%
Term
In what year did Nat turner lead a rebellion in Southhampton County, Virginia?:
 Definition
1831
Term
Which of the following transportation systems was developed last?:
 Definition
Railroads
Term
Which city was NOT among the largest in 1820?
 Definition
Pittsburgh.
Term
Living conditions for the working class in cities were characterized by:
 Definition
Cramped, dirty dwellings.
Term
Which city became known as “Porkopolis” because it was an early meat-packing center? :
 Definition
Cincinnati.
Term
In the cities and larger towns, most manufacturing was done by:
 Definition
Factories.
Term
During the 1840s and 1850s, the highest number of immigrants came from:
 Definition
Ireland.
Term
Which nation pioneered most of the methods and advances of industrialization?
 Definition
Great Britain
Term
Samuel Slater:
 Definition
Brought English ideas of manufacturing to America.
Term
Before 1850, who was the dominant power on the north and central Great Plains?:
 Definition
The warrior-hunters of the Sioux tribe.
Term
Which town was a starting point on the Oregon Trail? :
 Definition
Independence, Missouri
Term
The Battle of San Jacinto :
 Definition
Established the independence of Texas.
Term
The Mexican army annihilated defenders at:
 Definition
The Alamo and Goliad.
Term
While the Texans were fighting Mexico, they were also fighting:
 Definition
Comanches
Term
Who was the expansionist president who held office during the Mexican War?:
 Definition
James K. Polk
Term
Tensions between the United States and Mexico increased when he moved his forces to the banks of the Nueces River :
 Definition
Zachary Taylor
Term
Leader of the invasion of central Mexico:
 Definition
Winfield Scott
Term
The first American empresario of Texas who inherited a huge amount of land from his father, Moses:
 Definition
Stephen F. Austin
Term
Leader of the Texan forces that surprised General Santa Ana at San Jacinto:
 Definition
Sam Houston
Term
Mormon leader who was killed by a mob in Nauvoo, Illinois:
 Definition
Joseph Smith.
Term
The Santa Fe Trail:
 Definition
Opened the door to the eventual American takeover of New Mexico
Term
Which practice did settlers bring to Texas that was illegal under Mexican law?:
 Definition
Slavery.
Term
The Wilmot Proviso proposed that:
 Definition
Free labor should exist in territory gained in the Mexican War.
Term
Reaction against the Fugitive Slave Act was strongest among:
 Definition
Northern blacks.
Term
The influential novel, Uncle Tom’s Cabin was written by:
 Definition
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Term
As a novel of social power, Uncle Tom’s Cabin succeeded because it:
 Definition
Presented real characters and not abstract arguments.
Term
President Pierce tried to mute the conflicts about slavery by emphasizing:
 Definition
An aggressive foreign policy.
Term
He led a raid against a federal arsenal in Harper’s Ferry, Virginia:
 Definition
John Brown
Term
Fictional character, who in his cruel treatment of slaves, served as an effective antagonist in the novel, Uncle Tom’s Cabin:
 Definition
Simon Legree
Term
Who was an antislavery agitator in the middle of the violent confrontation in Kansas?
 Definition
John Brown
Term
The Republican Party’s first candidate in a presidential election was:
 Definition
Abraham Lincoln
Term
In the Dred Scott decision, Roger Taney argued that:
 Definition
Slavery could not be banned in any territory
Term
All of the following were effects of the Dred Scott decision EXCEPT that:
 Definition
There was apathy on the part of the most people in the North and South.
Term
Compared to the North in 1860, the South had:
 Definition
More people employed in agriculture.
Term
The election of 1860 revealed that:
 Definition
Americans voted very strongly along sectional lines.
Term
The declared President of the Confederate States was:
 Definition
Jefferson Davis
Term
In what year were the Know-Nothing and Republican parties formed?
 Definition
1854
Term
Which state did NOT pull out of the Union when President Lincoln called for troops?:
 Definition
Kentucky
Term
All of the following were advantages for the North EXCEPT:
 Definition
Longer tours of duty produced a more experienced army.
Term
The Union successfully financed the war through all of the following methods EXCEPT:
 Definition
Implementation of wage and price controls
Term
The Confederate economy was especially hurt by:
 Definition
The Union's effective blockade on cotton exports
Term
During the Civil War, _____ occupied Mexico.
 Definition
France
Term
In the West, General Ulysses S. Grant employed the wise strategy of:
 Definition
Deceptive stalling techniques.
Term
The bloodiest single day of fighting in American history occurred at:
 Definition
Antietam
Term
The Emancipation Proclamation:
 Definition
Freed the slaves of all states in rebellion
Term
Which statement about Texas in the Civil War is NOT true?:
 Definition
Areas of northern Texas were Unionist strongholds.
Term
The Homestead Act :
 Definition
Required settlers to cultivate land and build a house.
Term
Which state was formed when it seceded from the Confederacy?:
 Definition
West Virginia
Term
During the Civil War, the northern economy:
 Definition
Grew and prospered.
Term
Who did President Lincoln name as commander of all Union forces in March 1864?:
 Definition
Ulysses S.Grant
Term
His “march to the sea” devastated portions of the South, and brought the war in the southwest to an end.:
 Definition
William T. Sherman
Term
Actor and Confederate fanatic who assassinated Abraham Lincoln in April, 1865.:
 Definition
John Wilkes Booth.
Term
After the election of 1864 the Republicans:
 Definition
Controlled the presidency, the US Senate and the House.
Term
Sherman’s march ended in:
 Definition
Georgia
Term
General Lee surrendered his army to General Grant at the courthouse in:
 Definition
Appomattox, Virginia.
Term
The 13th amendment to the Constitution outlawed:
 Definition
slavery everywhere in the United States
Term
The Emancipation Proclamation was issued in:
 Definition
1863
Term
Which event happened last? :
 Definition
Lincoln is assassinated
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