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| ordered his troops to arrest Pope Boniface VIII , was able to capitalize on the violence against the church, he pressured the college of cardinals which elected the popes and he elected his favorite French cardinal. Moved pope to Avignon |
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| (1455-1485) , each fam had a different color rose, civil war between the Lancaster and York families of England |
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| Who was severly beaten by troops under the command of William Nogaret? |
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| After the death of Boniface VIII, where did the papacy relocate? |
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| Phillip augustus II founded a centralized bureaucratic state by taking the overseers of royal estates and creating for them the role of overseers for an entire district. By what term were these officials known? |
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| What battle, in 1214, enhanced the secular power of Innocent III, particularly w/ regard to the Holy Roman Empire and England? |
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| Joan of Arc served well which french monarch during the 100 years war? |
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| The historical period of 1500-1527 in Italy has been designated by what term? |
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| Name the earliest transitional figure in Italian Renaissance Painting, responsible for the initial break w/ Byzantine art, and said to have "achieved little less than the resurrection of painting from the dead" |
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| Name the early Renaissance (or transitional) sculptor who spent fouty-four years crafting the relief sculpture, with scenes from the Old and New testament, on the surfaces of the bronze doors of the baptistry of florence |
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| Literally, the term Renaissance means what? |
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| Lorenzo Valla, author of Elegances of the latin language (1444) also exposed a long standing fraud. Name the fradulent document he exposed. |
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| Name the man who in 1454, initiated the movable type for printing |
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| Name the individual, a leader in Northern Renaissance, who was an official of Henry VII and VIII, and was executed in 1535 for refusing to break with the catholic church |
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prince of humanities
the Northern renaissance figure whose Philosophy of Christ at Wittenberg to protest the indulgence drive of 1517 |
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Nailed a list of 95 Theses to the door of the Castle Church at Wittenberg to protest the indulgence drive of 1517.
The Reformation leader whose choice to enter the clergy was prompted by a thunderstorm in 1505.
Wrote Against the Robbing and Murdering Hordes of Peasants, advising harsh action against the peasants |
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| Which indulgence preacher did Pope Leo X and archbishop Albrecht of Mainz engage to head the indulgence drive of 1517 |
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| What *Latin phrase captures the Luthern principle of "by grace alone?" |
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| Name the highly persecuted *religious group whose faith was goverend by the Schleithiem Confession of 1527? |
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| The 1648 *agreement covering the Germanies that permitted German Princes to delcare themselves and their subject either Catholic or Lutheran, was known as peace of what? |
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| Who authored on the Revolutions of Heavenly Bodies? |
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| What adjective describes a planetary system/ universe that is Sun-centered? |
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| Name the author of the principle that every particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a force varying inversely as the sqaure of the distance between them and directly proportional to the produce of their masses? |
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| "Cognito, ergo sum", was the starting point for which thoerist of knowledge? |
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| Machiavelli denounces one method acquiring a principality, writing that it may gain power, but not glory. What is the method or means? |
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| Period during the fourteenth century in which seven popes chose to reside in Avignon instead of Rome. Critics called this period the "Babylonian Captivity" of the papacy. |
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| Period in the late Middle Ages from 1378-1417 when there were two (and at times three) rival popes |
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| Finished Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore's dome (double dome) and created a pully system one of the first architects. |
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| Writer and founder of modern political science, The Prince |
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| Mona Lisa, different machines, well known artist and engineer |
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| Italian artist whose known for his painting in the ceiling of the Sistine chapel, and of the picture Creation of Adam. |
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| The document John of England signed in 1215, granting English peers rights against royal authority |
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| The pre-existing 'flat' style in art rejected with the rise of the Italian renaissance |
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| The miracle by which the substance of the wine and wafer are physically transformed into Christ's blood and flesh is known by what term. |
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| The Protestant theologian who characterized his view as: "Election does not depend on faith; faith makes election manifest. Man cannot choose faith or reject it, for grace is irresistible." |
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| Copernicus fashioned his model of the universe drawing from the heliocentric concept of what Greek astronomer. |
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| To whom does Machiavelli dedicate "The Prince" |
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| ruled the Kingdom of France from 987 to 1328 |
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| Innovated the Curia Regis and Sheriffs |
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| Chief of administrative county |
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| Ruled England from 1199-1216 |
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| Pope from 8 January 1198 until his death |
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| Ingeborg becomes Philip Augustus' second wife again to please pope. |
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| Declaring temporal power subject to the spiritual power of the Church |
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| where the papacy originated |
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| supreme authority in the Church resided with an Ecumenical council, apart from, or even against, the pope |
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| Unification from 1413-1417 |
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| King of England and Lord of Ireland. First monarch of the house of tudor |
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| European royal house of Welsh origin[1] that ruled the Kingdom of England and its realms, including the Lordship of Ireland, later the Kingdom of Ireland, from 1485 until 1603 |
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| City in Italy. Ghiberti's artistry in the Relief Sculpture of the bronze doors for the baptistery of Florence. |
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| was an Italian author and poet, a friend, student, and correspondent of Petrarch, an important Renaissance humanist and the author of Decameron |
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| Medieval allegory by Boccaccio |
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| A religious hierarchy starting with God and working it's way down. Men are linked together. |
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| Authors the Oration on the Dignity of Man |
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| This concept emerged from Castiglione's Book of the Courtier. |
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| Father of English literature |
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| Authored by Thomas More. First important description of an ideal state since Plato's Republic. |
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| Brothers of the Common Life |
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| banded together in communities, giving up their worldly goods to live chaste and strictly regulated lives in common houses. Devoted all their time to fulfill religious duties. |
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| An essay written by Erasmus. Criticized current age. |
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| full or partial remission of temporal punishment due for sins which have already been forgiven |
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| The third person of the Holy Trinity |
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| Priest of the Grossmunster, the principal church of Zurich |
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| regarding the consecrated bread and wine of the Eucharist as only the metaphorical, and not the physical, body and blood of Jesus. |
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| second-most-populous city in Switzerland |
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| any of various ecclesiastical councils or tribunals. 2. the place where it meets. 3. the meeting of any such body. |
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| Leader and source of the term, Mennonites |
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| Revocated the edict of nations |
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| Religious war in the Germanies resulted in this in 1555 |
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| Earth is the center of the universe |
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| Came up with the geocentric system |
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| practical and religious advantages of Ptolemy's system, and the observational difficulty |
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| was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution |
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| has a theory about Inductive reasoning |
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| being the place or environment in which a person was born or a thing came into being |
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| form of government in which the government is officially apportioned to the control of the people and thus a "public matter" |
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| was the last King of the Franks from 1180 to 1190, and the first King of France from 1190 until his death |
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| was a Dutch preacher and founder of the Brethren of the Common Life |
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| made up of disparate or separate parts or elements; |
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| Home of William the Conqueror, John, Edward I, and Henry VII |
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