Term
| How do Utopians choose their mates? What contemporary problem do you suppose More was reacting to when he invented this novel way of selecting a spouse? |
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Definition
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Term
| What appear to be the overall goals of the Spanish explorers? What generalizations can you make about fifteenth-century European views of alien cultures? |
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Definition
| The overall goals of the Spanish explorers was to claim as much land and easy access passages for Spain, barter as many things as they can with the less intelligent natives, and also attempt to convert everyone they came by to Christianity. They looked at other culture as almost primitive compared to what they considered the norm, they thought they were the best. |
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Term
| How does Las Casas’s view of the Indians differ from Columbus’s? In what ways do the two men operate from the same assumptions? |
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Definition
| Las Casa's actually look at the Indians as people that are more intuned with the gods as opposed to Columbus' idea that they were just so primitive they didnt understand. They both treat them as equals, but one believes that are way more capable as a race then the other. |
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Term
| Why does Diaz describe the Aztec gods as devils? How does the fact that the Aztecs sacrificed humans color Diaz’s account of their religion? |
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Definition
| He describes them as devils because they are the reason the priests sacrifice people to please and they are only idols. It makes him look at them as savages seeing as they shed their own blood in order to please their god. It did not make sense to Diaz and his men, yet they respected their traditions while they were there. |
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Term
| What role does faith play in Luther’s thought? How important is the Word of God? What is it, according to Luther? |
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Definition
| Faith was everything in Luther's thought sola fide which meant everlasting salvation for one came from his faith alone for God as opposed to good works. Second most important was the Word of God and the study of his scriptures, the knowledge. According to Luther this is called sola scriptura. |
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Term
| In the Edict of Nantes, does Henry IV grant complete liberty of conscience? If not, how is freedom of religion restricted? What is the position of the Catholic Church under the edict? |
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Definition
| It granted limited tolerance. He was one king with two faiths at hand. The wars continued until he was assassinated in 1610. The Catholics were on top due to the edict, but the fights continued. |
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Term
| What is Hobbes’s view of human nature – pessimistic or optimistic? Why? How do you think Hobbes’s experience of the English Civil Wars might have affected his point of view? |
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Definition
| Hobbe's view of human nature is pessimistic. He seems down and tormented by the idea of civilian life. His life was filled with violence and the fear of death. This is what fueled his ideas and theories as far as why humans do what they do, the fear of death itself. |
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Term
| Grimmelhausen’s description of a witches’ coven is typical of many such accounts. What is it like? What are, and how does it demonstrate, the taboos and dark fears of the age? |
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Definition
| Yes it made the witches out to be a lot more revolting then they truly were, it is hard to assume these accounts credible. There are a lot of dancing and singing with bizarre sacrifices. It shows the taboos and fears by participating in out of the ordinary behavior which led others to believe it was wrong and evil. |
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Term
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Definition
| The applications of the principles of humanistic education, particularly philology, to the documents of Christianity. It resulted in a program of reform through better education. |
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Term
| What impulses in European society were revealed by the global exploration and conquests of the Portuguese and the Spanish? |
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Definition
| It revealed how they sought world dominance as seeing all of there travels were for converting natives to Christianity, extending sovereignty, and gaining profit. |
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Term
| What motivated Martin Luther? |
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Definition
| The motivation of Martin Luther was to rid himself of his own sense of sin, he could not do through his work alone. |
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Term
| How did the Catholic Church respond to the challenges posed by the Protestant Reformation? |
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Definition
| They responded by reforming the church from within, by the found of a new personal piety. The hierarchies were concerned with reforms and the challenge of converting other races ensued. Protestantism itself revitalized Catholicism. |
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Term
| How was Henry IV able to bring peace to France after decades of civil war? |
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Definition
| He reestablished the monarchy and brought a semblance of peace to France. |
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