Term
|
Definition
| study of stratified rock- geometric relations, composition, origins, and age relations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| include strata, groups of adjacent strata, that are distinguished by physical, chemical or paleontological properties; also incluse units of time based on ages of strata |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| demonstrating correspondance between geographically seperated parts of a stratigraphic unit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| widely seperated bodies of rocks are the same age |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all strata that was deposited during a particular interval of time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| interval at which a time rock unit was formed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| eras are the time units that correspond to it; for the Phanerozoic eon, these are paleozoic, mesozoic, and cenozoic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| boundry between two systems, series, or stages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| units of the rock record that are defined and characterized by ther rock content |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| body of rock whose lower and upper boundaries are based on the ranges of one or more taxa- usually species- in the stratigraphic period |
|
|
Term
| index fossils or guide fossils |
|
Definition
-abundant enough in the stratigraphic record to be found easily
-easily distinguished from other taxa
-wide spread and can be used to correlate rocks over a large area
-occurs in many type of sedimentary rocks- found in many places
-it is used to define a zone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| evaluating magnetic properties of rocks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| normal and reversed intervals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| groups, members, super groups |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| physical and chemical characteristics of rock |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| local outcrop of a formation that displays a vertical sequence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a stratigraphic section designated at a particular locality where the unit is well exposed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| seaward migration of a shoreline |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the set of characteristics of a body of rock that represent a particular depositional environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| atoms change to atoms of another element by releasing subatomic particles or energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measuring the father and daughter isotope in rocks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| isotopic dating that makes use of carbon 14 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| particle strike certain atoms in crystalline materials at earths surfacs causing them to fragment and form lighter nuclei |
|
|
Term
| thermoluminescence dating |
|
Definition
| when heat is used to drive out electrons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| instantaneous formation of a surface and sudden relocations of shorelines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bed of sediment that looks like a layer of paint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| seismic reflections generated when artificially produced seismic wave bounce off physical discontinuities within buried sediments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| global changes in sea level |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| used to divide stratigraphic record |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| plants or animals that have same ancestral origins but serve different functions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organs that serve no apparent purpose but are used in other creatures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bodies of chemical entities that occupy particular spaces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reservoirs gain or lose contents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| opposing the expansion of a reservoir until fluxes to and from this reservoir are in balance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| accelerating a change instead of breaking it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contain small amounts of oxygen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| record the cycling of organic carbon |
|
|
Term
| isotopes in limestone or deep sea sediments |
|
Definition
| record changes in rates of carbon burial |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enlarges atmospheres oxygen reservoir |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| methane frozen within a range of water molecules |
|
|
Term
| hold Co_2 levels in check |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| oxygen isotope ratio inskeletons |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| oxygen isotopes vary with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large portions of continents that have not undergone substantial tectonic deformations since early Paleozoic time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| precambrian portion that is exposed at earths surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| evidence that the universe is expanding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| oceans water and salts came from |
|
Definition
| volcanoes, comets, and rocks |
|
|
Term
| earths atmosphere mostly came from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| melting of oceanic lithosphere |
|
|
Term
| reveals how earliest crust formed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| archean continents remained small because of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| numerous felsic rocks that emerged in archean time eventually coalesced to form small continents called |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| distinctive region of earths crust that has behaved as a coherent crustal block |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sit in masses of high-grade metamorphic rocks of felsic composition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cherts and iron rich sedimentary rocks |
|
|
Term
| 2.7 and 2.3 billion years ago |
|
Definition
| most metamorphic episodes occurred in many parts of the world |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 100 million years after earth came into being |
|
Definition
| living things could not have existed until |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| life may have originated along |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cratons of modern proportions formed about |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| body of rocks deformed by an oregeny (ex southern Africa) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| glaciation was wide spread in the |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| single-celled algae conspicuous inProterzoic rocks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| most ancient animal like unicellular organisms fluorished |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| animals probably originated during the... 30 million years ago |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| oldest known undoubted adult animals preserved in fossil reord of the... leaf shaped fossils 570 million years agoth |
|
|
Term
| three major animal groups (Proterozoic eon) |
|
Definition
| lophotrochozoans, ecdysiozoans, and the deutorozoans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| build up of atmospheric oxygen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| build up of oxygen important- may have promoted success of eukaryotic algae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| expanded Laurentia during proterozoic timeGe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| built mountains in eastern north america |
|
|
