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Definition
Cortex- follicles and intersitial connective tissue. Medulla- area of loose connective tissue and many large blood vessels.
Germinal epithelium- squamous or cuboidal mesothelial cells
Tunica albugunea of the ovary- dense collagenous connective tissue capsule |
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Definition
| Special endocrine sac in which oocytes mature. Consist of oozyte surrounded by one or more layers of follicular cells (granulosa cells). Mature in four stages. |
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Definition
| oocyte and single layer of flattened granulosa cells surrounded by basal lamina.. Located in periphery of cortex. |
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Definition
| Oocyte enlarges, as does nucleus (clalled germinal cell) Granulosa Cells become cuboidal, proliferate and become stratified. |
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Definition
oocytes and one layer of granulosa cells- unilaminar primary follicles.
Oocytes and stratified epithelium called multilaminar primary follicles
Granulosa cell layers are AVASCULAR. joined by gap junctions. Thick membrane separates granulosa layer from theca folliculi. |
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Term
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Definition
| interstitial cells surrounding granulosa cells- rich capillary plexus. Two layers- theca interna- numerous lipid droplets for androstenedione which is converted to estrogens by granulosa cells. Second layer theca externa- spindle shaped connective tissue and smooth muscle. |
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Term
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Definition
| thick coat of glycoproteins surround oocyte. Microvilli of oocyte and filopodia of granulosa cells penetrate to form gap junctions necessary for maturation. Binds spermatozoa and acrosomal reaction happens here! |
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Term
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Definition
| Antrum (fluid filled space ) appears filled by liquor folliculi (granulosa cells). Has hillock or stalk called cumulus oophorus which projects into antral lumen. Oocyte not enlarging but theca cells become more abundant and distinct. |
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Definition
| secreted by granulosa cells. contains glycosaminoglcans, steriod-binding proteins, and steroids. |
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Term
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Definition
| large, fill cortex and bulge from surface of ovary. ovary attached wall of follicle by cumulus oophorus. Oocyte surrounded by two layers of columnar cells called corona radiata. Takes 90 days for primordial follicle to mature to graafian follicle. |
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Term
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Definition
| around day 14 of 28 day cycle in response to LH surge from anterior pituitary. ovum swept into infundibulum of oviduct. |
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Definition
| oocyte arrested in prophase of first meiotic division which was completed just before ovulation. large ovum and small polar body. Then undergoes second meiotic division and is again arrested in metaphase until fertilization. |
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Definition
| 400-450 oocytes released. Rest become atretic and die, macrophages and fibroblasts, scar is produced. Occurs at any stage in follicle development. Theca interna may exist as interstitial gland and secrete androgens through menopause. |
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Term
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Definition
| initiation signal is unknown. Continued growth is FSH and estrogens. |
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Term
| hormonal signal cycle for follicle growth |
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Definition
| LH from anterior pituitary signals internal theca cells to produce androgens which granulosa cells turn in to estrogen which stimulates proliferation of granulosa cells and growth of follicle. |
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Term
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Definition
| temporary endocrine gland from follicle. lasts 14 days in absence of fertilization and then becomes corpus albincans or scar. During pregnancy it is 2-5 cm and creates feedback loop with embryo stimulated by HCG. necessary for first 4-5 months. |
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Term
| Granulosa after ovulation |
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Definition
| Blood vessels from theca invade granulosa. LH causes granulosa to become steroid secreting cells- G. lutein cells. GL cells secrete progesterone and estrogen. |
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Term
| theca interna after ovulation |
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Definition
| Theca lutein cells produce androgen for conversion to estrogen as well as progesterone. |
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Definition
| infundibulum with fimbriae, ampulla, isthmus, intramural portion (penetrates wall of uterus). |
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Definition
| has two types of cells, ciliated and peg (secretory) which secrete stuff to promote capacitation of sperm and nourish ovum. |
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Definition
| inner circular and outer longitudinal layers. Outer thickens near uterus. Help with rythmic contractions to carry egg to uterus. |
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Term
| oviduct serosa and vascular supply |
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Definition
| derived from visceral peritoneum. lots of blood vessels in serosal connective tissue. At ovulation, vessels in fimbriae engorge to bring contact with with ovary. |
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Term
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Definition
| fundus-implantation normally occurs. body, isthmus, cervix. Mucosa- endometrium, muscularis- myometrium, serosa- perimetrium |
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Term
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Definition
| 3-4 indistinct layers with septa- middle layer has arcuate arteries that give rise to basal and coiled arteries in endometrium. |
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Term
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Definition
| two layers- lamina functionalis shed during menstruation and lamina basalis- generative layer |
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Term
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Definition
| simple columnar- with ciliated and non ciliated secretory cells and simple tubular uterine glands. |
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Term
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Definition
| simple tubular glands in thick lamina propria and branch near myometrium. Simple columnar with few cilia. Secrete glycoproteins that nourish embryo prior to implantation. Base of glands have cells that produce new lining of uterus. |
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Definition
| lamina propria highly vascular, fibroblasts and ground subtance |
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Term
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Definition
| arcuate branch into basal (lamina basalis) and coiled (spiral) lamina functionalis. |
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Term
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Definition
| day 1-4 bleeding sucks. In response to constriction of coiled arteries. due to dropped levels of estrogen and progesterone. Necrotic functionalis. Constricted vessels rupture. |
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Term
| proliferative (follicular) phase |
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Definition
| says 5-14, most variable. at beginning only basal lamina which has basal glands remains. glands and epithelium regenerate from simple tubular glands due to estrogen produced by follicles. at end endometrium is 2-3 mm thick. nice and cushy. |
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Term
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Definition
| 15-28 after ovulation. Progesterone causes uterine glands to begin secretion. Glands coiled, tortuous and sacculated, and stroma becomes fluid-filled. endometrium 3-6 mm thick. |
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Term
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Definition
| pre puberty- ecto lined with squamos non-keratinized, endo lined with columnar mucous secretary cells. They meet at Squamocolumnar junction. Afer puberty starts to evert and columnar becomes squamous in region termed transformation zone. |
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Term
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Definition
| large, tubular, extensively branched mucous glands line with tall columnar cells. Blocked glands dilate to become Nabothian cysts. At time of ovulation secretions are watery and allow sperm to enter. During pregnancy glands proliferate and secretions become viscous, preventing microorganisms from entering uterus. |
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Term
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Definition
| 85% dense connective tissue with little muscle. |
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Definition
| distensible fibromuscular tube adapted for abrasion. stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium. accumulates glycogen under estrogen stim. Deposited into vagina when mucosal cells desquamate. Bacteria metabolize glycogen to lactic acid. Low pH. |
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Definition
| loose fibroelastic connective tissue, rich vascular supply. Lymphocytes and neutrophils |
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Definition
| longitudinal bundles of smooth muscle and a few inner circular bundles. Also has layer of adventitia with extensive nerve bundles and vascular plexuses. |
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Definition
| Compound tubuloalveolar glands of cutaneous origin present in both males and females. Females growth under influence of estrogen but full differentiation not until pregnancy. Glands regress at menopause. Connective tissue, fatty tissue, glandular elements. |
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Term
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Definition
| 15-25 irregular lobes of compound tubuloalveolar radiating from nipple. Each lobe can be considered a separate gland. lactiferous duct dilate into lactiferous sinus before merging with nipple. |
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Term
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Definition
| alveolar ducts join to form intralobualr ducts, join to form interlobular ducts, which form main lactiferous duct. |
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Term
| secretory portions of breasts |
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Definition
| alveoli and alveolar ducts lined by single layer of low columnar secretory epithelium surrounded by myoepithelial cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| near opening, sinus is lined stratified squamos epithelium. Deeper ducts are lined by stratified cuboidal or columnar and is covered by myoepithelial cells. |
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Term
| mammary connective tissue |
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Definition
| loose cellular connective tissue with no fat surround ducts and alveoli. Lymphocytes and plasma cells. secretes immunoglobulins IgA that confer passive immunity. Second typed of connective tissue is dense fibrous tissue with fat. |
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Term
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Definition
| hormones stimulate extension of secretory alveolar ducts. estrogen, progesterone, and prolactin. |
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Term
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Definition
| grape-like structures of epithelial cells that secrete milk during lactation. Closely pack, comprise most of breast. never rebound after pregnancy. |
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Term
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Definition
| Milk production 2-3 days after birth. contains Casein, lipids, lactose, IgA's, and ions. Merocrine secretion of proteins. apocrine secretion of lipids. Suckling triggers release of oxytocin from neurohypophysis, inducing the contraction of myoepithelial cells, expelling milk. |
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