Term
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Definition
| specialized c.t. composed of cells in a gel like substance that contains fibrous macromolecules |
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Term
| what is the vascularization of cartilage? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the main function of cartilage? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the roles of cartilage? |
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Definition
| support soft tissue, shock absorber, friction free sliding surface for joints, model for long bone durring development and growth |
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Term
| what are the three types of cartilage? |
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Definition
| hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells in cartilage that secrete ecm |
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Term
| when chondroblasts surround themselves with matrix they are called? |
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Definition
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Term
| where are chondrocytes found? |
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Definition
| in the lacunae of the matrix |
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Term
| chondrocytes can divide and when they do the cells derived from a chondrocyte are termed |
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Definition
| a cell nest or isogenous group. |
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Term
| individual cells of the isogenous group are seperated by what? |
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Definition
| a matrix wall called the septum |
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Term
| the matrix of cartilage is made by? |
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Definition
| chondroblasts and young chondrocytes |
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Term
| what are the main components of the matrix of cartilage? |
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Definition
| type II collagen, fibrils, proteoglycans, and bound water! (75%of weight) |
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Term
| what does the glycoprotein chondronectin do? |
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Definition
| mediates attachment of chondrocytes to the extracellular matrix. |
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Term
| the matrix immediately surrounding the lacunae is called? |
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Definition
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Term
| how is the territorial matrix differnt than the interterritorial matrix? |
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Definition
| the territorial matrix is rich in glycosaminoglycans but poor in collagen... it therefore stains more intensely than the territorial matrix |
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Term
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Definition
| A dense c. t. that surrounds most cartilage. ... contains type I collagen, a vascular supply and cells capable of differentiating into chondroblasts and chondrocytes. |
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Term
| where is perichondrium not found? |
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Definition
| fibrocartilage and articular surfaces of hyaline cartilage. |
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Term
| how is cartilage nourished? |
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Definition
| by diffusion, it is avascular and therefore has a low metabolic rate and cell turnover and thus inherent stability. |
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Term
| where are the blood vessles that supply cartilage with its nutrients via diffustion found? |
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Definition
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Term
| by what two mech. is cartilage capable of growing? |
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Definition
| appositional and interstitial |
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Term
| what is the process of appositional growth in cartilage? |
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Definition
| cells on the inner layer of the perichondrium develope into chondroblasts, which synthesize and secrete matrix on top of the existing cartilage matrix..... these chondroblasts burry themselves in the matrix and become chondrocytes (by definition). |
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Term
| what is the process of interstitial growth in cartilage? |
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Definition
| chondrocytes within the cartilage divide and the daughters manufacture more matrix, thus expanding volume from the inside (interstitial growth)! |
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Term
| what type of growth system is used to increase the length of long bones? |
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Definition
| interstitial growth is used for this as well as in replacing articular cartilage (because it lacks a perichondrium and therefore of course cant use apposistional method) |
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Term
| explain hyaline cartilage: |
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Definition
| it is the most common and most studied... it appears glassy and is found in the respiratory system, nose, ventral end of ribs, epiphyseal growth plates, articular surfaces of bones and forms the model of most bones in the fetus! |
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Term
| explain elastic cartilage: |
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Definition
| found where flexible support is needed.... external ear, walls of the auditory canal, epiglottis, larynx. ... it has a higher ratio of chondrocytes/matrix than hyaline cart. but has fewer cells/isogenous grp. |
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Term
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Definition
| has features intermediate to dense c.t. and hyaline cart. ... found in the intervert. disk, symphasis pubis, and att.'s of certian ligaments and tendons. ...cells are present in small numbers, fibers excede the proportion of ground substance. .... no perichondrium! |
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Term
| fibrocartilage is always found with what? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the regeneration capacity of cartilage? |
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Definition
| in adults it is limited... perichondrium may produce a c.t. scar rather than new cartilage. |
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Term
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Definition
| a debilitating degenerative joint disease, caused by prog. errosion of articular cartilage, prod. of osteophytes(bony outgrowths at periphery of joints). ...with age the proliferative attempt at repair is overcome by faster erosion than repair and cartilage degrades! |
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