Term
| What are the three types of muscles in the body? |
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Definition
| skeletal, smooth, cardiac |
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Term
| What is the connective tissue of a skeletal muscle and its functions? |
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Definition
| Dense irregular CT and Losse CT; For support vascularization, innervation, and lymph |
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Term
| What does contraction of skeletal muscle lead to? |
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Definition
| Shortening of the muscle fibers |
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Term
| How is the nuclei in skeletal muscle fibers? |
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Definition
| flat, multiple, and peripherally located |
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Term
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Definition
| cell membrane of skeletal muscle |
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Term
| What is the pigment of skeletal muscle? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the contractile unit of skeletal muscle and its function? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the thin filaments of a sacromere? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the straight fiber that wraps around the actin filament? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Where do you find the Z line? |
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Definition
| Middle of I band; marks the start of a sarcromere |
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Term
| What is does troponin contain? |
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Definition
| TnC (calcium), TnT (attaches to topomyosin), TnI (inhibits myosin/actin union) |
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Term
| What kind of fibers are found in the I band? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What kind of fibers are found in the A band? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is myofilaments are found in the H band? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the changes that occur in the sarcomere during muscular contraction? |
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Definition
| sacromere shortens, I bands shorten, H zone disappears |
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Term
| Does muscular contraction require ATP? |
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Definition
| Yes, although ATP releases the myosin binding head it is needed to continue to pull the actin filaments closer together |
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Term
| Does muscular contraction require calcium? |
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Definition
| Yes it exposes the actin filament for myosin head attachment |
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Term
| What is the motor nerve ending called? |
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Definition
| Motor end plate or neuromuscular junction |
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Term
| What is the chemical transmitter released at the motor end plate (neuromuscular junction)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the juntional folds of muscle? |
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Definition
| Area of the sacrolemma that are folded at the motor end plate |
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Term
| What is the function of the muscle spindle? |
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Definition
| Proprioception; sensitive to changes in a position of the muscle |
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Term
| What are the two types of intrafusal muscle fibers? |
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Definition
| nuclear bag and nuclear chain |
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Term
| What are the two types of sensory nerve fibers of a muscle spindle? |
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Definition
| annulospiral (primary) and flower spray (secondary) |
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Term
| How regeneration of skeletal muscle takes place? |
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Definition
| satellite cells; diffferentiate into myoblasts as long as the basal lamina is intact |
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Term
| What are the similarities of cardiac and smooth muscle? |
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Definition
| innervated by autonomic nervous system; gap junctions; single central nuclei |
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Term
| Where are smooth muscles located? |
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Definition
| Walls of hollow organs; arrector pili muscles; capsules and trabeculae of spleen and prostate bland |
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Term
| What are the types of myofilaments found in smooth muscle? |
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Definition
| actin, myosin, and intermediate |
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Term
| Can smooth muscle regenerate, and if they can how so? |
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Definition
| mitosis (hyperplasia), and pericytes (make myoblasts); hypertrophy |
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Term
| Can cardiac muscle regenerate, and if so how? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are intercalated discs composed of? |
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Definition
| gap junctions, adherent junctions, and desmososmes |
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