Term
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Definition
| effect of the sympathetic branch of the ANS on heart rate |
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Term
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Definition
| effect of the parasympathetic branch of the ANS on heart rate |
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Term
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Definition
| neuronal activity is not required to initiate or maintain cardiac muscle contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| contains cardiac cells that are spontaneously active; sets the contraction rate of the heart by initiating action potentials that propagate between cardiac cells |
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Term
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Definition
| single nucleus, branched, interdigitations via intercalated discs |
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Term
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Definition
| electrically join cardiac muscle cells |
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Term
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Definition
| mechanically connect cardiac muscle cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| formed by F-actin and associated proteins of the tropomyosin and troponin complex |
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Term
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Definition
| create striations in cardiac and skeletal muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| areas found at the ends of each sarcomere where actin thin filaments attach to alpha actinin |
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Term
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Definition
| the number of thin filaments surrounding each myosin thick filament |
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Term
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Definition
| required for cardiac muscle contraction; binding of this element to the troponin complex regulates muscle contraction and relaxation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| ATP binding to myosin head |
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Definition
| required for dissociation of myosin head from actin filament to return to a state where it can bind to actin again |
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Term
| inorganic phosphate (Pi) and ADP |
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Definition
| produced through the binding of ATP to the myosin head |
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Term
| dihydropyridine (DHP) receptors |
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Definition
| voltage-gated Ca2+ channels |
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Term
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Definition
| initiated by membrane depolarization from positive charge being delivered to the gap between the T-tubule and sarcoplasmic reticulum |
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Term
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Definition
| Ca2+ channels in the sarcoplasmic reticulum; bind Ca2+ and release it into the cell cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
| initiated by Ca2+ binding to ryanodine receptors; primary source of Ca2+ for cardiac muscle contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| binds Ca2+ and initiates the sliding filament process |
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Term
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Definition
| initiated by decreasing cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration and subsequent Ca2+ dissociation from the troponin complex |
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Term
| characteristics of muscle tissue |
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Definition
| irritability, contractility, extensibility, and elasticity |
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Term
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Definition
| smooth, cardiac, and skeletal |
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Term
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Definition
| artifact in smooth muscle tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| locations: blood vessels, walls of viscera, capsule of spleen, skin, and pupil |
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Term
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Definition
| modified cardiac muscle cells; increase conduction; subendothelial; large cells |
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Term
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Definition
| fascia; external CT covering of muscle tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| CT that wraps around muscle bundles |
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Term
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Definition
| CT that wraps individual muscle fibers |
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