Term
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Definition
| continuous sheets of membranes that cover the organs, line the body cavities and make up the layers of our skin |
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Definition
| body's gatekeepers; protect, regulate and act as a barrier against movement of substances into and out of the body |
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Definition
| continually lost and replaced by mitotic cell division; mouth and stomach every 2-3 days, skin every 2 weeks |
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Definition
| clusters of cells that are specialized to secrete and release substances |
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Term
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Definition
| are epithelial tissue and fall into 2 categories- exocrine and endocrine |
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Term
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Definition
| remain connected to the epithelium by a passageway or duct (i.e. sweat glands, sebaceous glands, salivary glands) |
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Definition
| become separated from the epithelium that produced them (i.e. hormones) |
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Definition
| serves mainly to support and bind tissues together; consist of ground substance, fibers and various cells |
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Definition
| 6 types- loose, dense, cartilage, bone, blood and lymph |
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Definition
| combines with epithelial tissue to form membranes; surrounds, cushions and supports most organs |
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Definition
| 3 types- areolar, adipose and reticular; contains capillaries and fluid-filled spaces that nourish the epithelium |
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Term
| Areolar Connective Tissue |
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Definition
| subcutaneous skin, mucous membranes, surrounding organs |
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Term
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Definition
| subcutaneous skin, surrounding heart and kidneys |
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Term
| Reticular Connective Tissue |
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Definition
| supports liver, spleen and lymph nodes |
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Term
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Definition
| contains collagen fibers which are thick, numerous and densely packed with few cells; 2 types- regular and irregular |
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Term
| Dense Regular Connective Tissue |
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Definition
| are in an orderly arrangement; found in tendons and ligaments |
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Term
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Definition
| connects bone to muscle; injury is a strain |
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Term
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Definition
| connects bone to bone; injury is a sprain |
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Term
| Dense Irregular Connective Tissue |
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Definition
| occurs in various directions; found in dermis of the skin |
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Definition
| flexible and resilient, consisting of widely spaced cells called chondrocytes surrounded by a thick, nonliving matrix called lacunae |
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Term
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Definition
| 3 types- hyaline, fibro and elastic; covers the ends of bones at the joints, forms the ear, nose and intervertebral disc |
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Term
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Definition
| white shiny substance; most abundant cartilage in the body and the weakest; supports joints, reduces friction and absorbs shock |
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Term
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Definition
| combines strength and rigidity and is the strongest cartilage; found in the intervertebral discs between vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| provides strength and elasticity and maintains the shape of structures (external ear) |
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Term
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Definition
| composed of osseous tissue (matrix of tissue hardened by deposits of calcium phosphate), periosteum, endosteum, red and yellow bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| classified as either compact or spongy depending on how the matrix and cells are organized |
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Term
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Definition
| is an osteon (or haversion) system that contains lamellae, lacunae, canaliculi and a haversion canal |
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Term
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Definition
| consists of columns of trabeculae and contain some lamellae, osteocytes, lacunae and canaliculi |
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Term
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Definition
| spaces between lamellae are filled with red bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| composed largely of extracellular fluids; cellular portion consists of rbc's, wbc's and platelets all suspended in plasma |
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Definition
| fluid that flows through the lymphatic system |
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Definition
| specialized contractile tissue; consists of long, thin cells |
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Definition
| 3 types- skeletal, cardiac and smooth; produces motion, maintains posture and generates heat |
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Definition
| voluntary or conscious control; main function is to move the skeleton |
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Definition
| located only in the heart; spontaneously active and involuntary |
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Term
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Definition
| interconnect cardiac muscle tissue, allow electrical signals to spread rapidly through the heart to stimulate coordinated contractions |
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Term
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Definition
| produces slow, sustained contractions that are mostly involuntary; named for lack of orderly arrangement of filaments |
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Definition
| embedded in the walls of the GI tract, uterus, bladder and large blood vessels |
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Definition
| specialized tissue that transmits the electrical signals for all body parts to function |
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Definition
| 2 types of cells- neurons and neuroglia |
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Definition
| flat cells that attach to other cells like tiles; thinness allows for rapid passage of substances through them |
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Term
| Simple Squamous Epithelium |
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Definition
| lines the heart, blood vessels and lungs |
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Term
| Stratified Squamous Epithelium |
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Definition
| multiple layers of cells; lines the mouth esophagus, vagina and tongue; 2 types- keratinized and non-keratinized |
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Term
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Definition
| cube shaped cells, sometimes have microvilli at their apical surface; function in secretion of mucus, sweat, enzymes and absorption of digested food |
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Term
| Simple Cuboidal Epithelium |
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Definition
| covers surface of ovaries, lens of eye, lines kidney tubules |
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Term
| Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium |
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Definition
| makes up ducts of sweat glands and part of male urethra |
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Term
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Definition
| taller than they are wide; often have microvilli and cilia on their apical surface; protect underlying tissues |
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Term
| Nonciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium |
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Definition
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Term
| Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium |
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Definition
| lines upper respiratory tract, fallopian tubes, uterus |
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Term
| Stratified Columnar Epithelium |
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Definition
| lines urethra and some glands |
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Term
| Psuedostratified Columnar Epithelium |
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Definition
| lines airways of upper respiratory tract and ducts of most glands |
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Term
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Definition
| cells that change shape from cuboidal to flat and back as organs stretch; lines urinary bladder, ureters and urethra |
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Term
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Definition
| very strong, flexible and resistant to pulling forces; consist of the protein collagen arranged in parallel bundles |
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Term
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Definition
| found in bone, cartilage, tendons and ligaments |
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Term
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Definition
| strong but extremenly flexible (can stretch up to 150% relaxed length without breaking); branches out and forms a network within a tissue |
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Definition
| found in skin, blood vessel walls and lung tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| supporting framework of many soft organs; consists of the protein collagen and glycoprotein produced by fibroblasts |
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Term
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Definition
| found supporting the spleen, lymph nodes, fat cells, skeletal and smooth muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| long, cylindrical, striated fibers with multiple nuclei; orderly pattern; 2% mitochondria in their cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
| branched striated fibers separated by intercalated discs with one centrally located nucleus; orderly pattern |
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Term
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Definition
| 35% mitochondria in cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
| nonstriated fibers, thick in the middle and taper toward the end with one central nucleus; no kind of orderly pattern |
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Term
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Definition
| contains a cell body, dendrites and axons |
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Term
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Definition
| surrounds, supports, electrically insulates and protects neurons |
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