Term
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Definition
| Innate immunity is the first line of defense and is a rapid, non-specific response to invasion and does not require previous exposure to an antigen. |
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Term
| What structures and cells function in innate immunity? |
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Definition
| Epithelial barriers in the skin, the GI, respiratory tracts as well as other mucosa prevent entry of microbes. Phagocytes, neutrophils, and monocytes/ macrophages, migrate to sites of infections where they ingest and destroy any microbes that penetrate the epithelial barrier. |
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Term
| Define adaptive immunity. |
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Definition
| Adaptive immunity is slower than innate, but adaptive is also more specific and efficient. |
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Term
| What are primary lymphatic tissues? |
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Definition
| The tissues where B and T cells originate and mature--bone marrow and thymus. |
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Term
| What are secondary lymphatic tissues? |
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Definition
| Secondary lymphatic tissues include the lymph nodes, spleen, and MALT. |
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Term
| Which branch of adaptive immunity is responsible for defending against extracellular microbes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which branch of adaptive immunity is responsible for defending against cells that may be taken over by viruses? |
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Definition
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Term
| A slide of the tonsils has multiple crypts and stratified squamous epithelium. What type of tonsil is this? Where is it located? |
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Definition
| Palatine. Two located on the lateral walls of the oral pharynx. |
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Term
| A slide of tonsils contains respiratory epithelium and patches of stratified squamous epithelium and no crypts, what type of tonsil is it and where is it located? |
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Definition
| A pharyngeal and it is located in the superior protion of the pharynx. |
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Term
| You search an entire slide looking for an example of a crypt in the tonsils but cannot find one? What type of tonsil must you be looking at? |
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Definition
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Term
| If you view a tonsil and it has a single crypt and stratified squamous epithelium what type of tonsil is it and where is it located? |
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Definition
| Lingual and it is located at the base of the tongue. |
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Term
| What are Peyer's patches? |
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Definition
| Peyer's patches are lymphoid nodules found in the lamina propria and sub-mucosa of the ileum of the small intestine. |
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Term
| What cells transport antigens from the lumen of the gut to macrophages in the lamina propria? Where are these cells located? |
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Definition
M cells.
Located in the epithelium above the Peyer's patches. |
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Term
| What is the function of dendritic cells? |
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Definition
| Dendritic cells capture foeign antigens and present the antigen to T cells. Langerhan's cells in the skin are an example of dendritic cells. |
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Term
| Classification of immunoglobulins is based on differences in the light or heavy chains? |
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Definition
| Heavy chains--they differ in the constant regions. |
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Term
| If an antigen binds to an IgE antibody what will be the effect? |
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Definition
| IgE will trigger the release of histamine and other substances associate with allergic reactions. |
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Term
| Which immunoglobulins are the antigen receptors of naive B cells? |
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Definition
| The membrane bound form of IgM and IgD. |
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Term
| Which immunoglobulins are membrane bound? Which are secreted? |
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Definition
Membrane bound- M, D
Secrete- M, A, E, G |
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Term
| Which immunoglobulin is responsible for preventing the proliferation of microorganisms in secretions? Where is it present? |
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Definition
| IgA. Found in mucous of the respiratory tract, digestive tract, vagina, eyes, ears, and nose. |
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Term
| What are the different components of IgA complex and where are these produced? |
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Definition
| IgA is a dimer joined by a J protein and forms a complex with a secretory component. The IgA and J protein are secreted by plasma cells and the epithelial cells produce the secretory portion. |
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Term
| How is IgA transported to the lumen of the organs it is found in? |
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Definition
| IgA binds to a polyIg receptor on epitheliam cells. The receptor and IgA are then endocytosed and transported to the other side of the cell where part of the polyIg receptor is cleaved releasing the IgA bound to the secretory component. |
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Term
| What is are some differences between B and T cells when they leave the bone marrow? |
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Definition
B cells are mature but naive when they leave the bone marrow.
T cells are immature and go to the thymus to mature. |
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Term
| T/F. Afferent lymphatic vessels are found in the thymus. |
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Definition
| False. The thymus does not filter lymph, therefore there are no afferent lymphatic vessels. |
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