Term
| What do mast cell granules contain? |
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Definition
Histamine, Heparin,
slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis = SRS-A: vasodilator,
eosinophilic chemotactic factor = ECF-A: attracts eosinophilsContain
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|
Term
| Which immunoglobulin is present on mast cell surface? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is released into mast cell cytoplasm when antigen binds? |
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Definition
|
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Term
What are plasma cells derived from and what kind of cytoplasm do they have?
|
|
Definition
| derived from b-lymphocytes, have a basophilic cytoplasm |
|
|
Term
What kind of connective tissue cells have a
Pale staining juxtanuclear Golgi region?
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|
Definition
|
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Term
| During inflammation, what attracts leukocytes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do lymphocytes produce? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do cytokines stimulate during inflammation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What phagocytoses
antigen-antibody complexes
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are adipocytes located and what do they synthesize? |
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Definition
| located throughout loose connective tissue and sythesize hormones and inflammatory mediators |
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|
Term
What hormone is related to blood pressure and possible explanation of relationship of obesity to elevated blood pressure
|
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the initial site where invading organisms are acted upon by the immune system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are regular dense connective tissue fibers (tendons/ligaments) arranged to provide maximum strength? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is ground substance composed of |
|
Definition
| tissue fluids and proteoglycans |
|
|
Term
| What is hyaluronic acid composed of? |
|
Definition
| Glucoronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine |
|
|
Term
| What is a proteoglycan aggregate composed of? |
|
Definition
| Hyaluronic acid and proteoglycan monomers |
|
|
Term
| What gives rise to other cells of connective tissue? |
|
Definition
| Uncommitted mesenchymal cells |
|
|
Term
| What are the glycosaminoglycans |
|
Definition
Hyaluronic acid
•Chondroitin-4-sulfate
•Chondroitin-6-sulfate
•Dermatan sulfate
•Heparin sulfate
•Heparin
•Keratan sulfate
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|
Term
| Where is type 1 collagen located? |
|
Definition
| connective tissue of skin, bone, ligaments, tendons, organ capsules |
|
|
Term
| Where is type 2 collagen located? |
|
Definition
| cartilage, notochord, intervertebral disc |
|
|
Term
| where is type 3 collagen located? |
|
Definition
| connective tissue of organs, smooth muscle, endoneurium, blood vessels, and fetal skin |
|
|
Term
| Where is type 4 collagen located |
|
Definition
| Basal laminae of epithelia, kidney glomeruli, and lens capsule |
|
|
Term
| Reticular fibers are what type of collagen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what 3 things produce reticular fibers |
|
Definition
| fibroblasts, schwann cells, smooth muscle cells |
|
|
Term
| desmosime and isodesmosime are found in what fiber? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 2 things synthesize elastin? |
|
Definition
| fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells |
|
|
Term
| what is responsible for marfan syndrome |
|
Definition
| a deficiency in protein fibrillin 1 |
|
|
Term
| what do fibroblasts look like when not synthesizing |
|
Definition
spindle-shaped cell with dark heterochromatic nuclei, exhibiting little cytoplasm extending as slender processes
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|
|
Term
| what do active fibroblasts look like |
|
Definition
nuclei become larger and oval, exhibiting distinct nucleoli. The cytoplasm is more abundant with many granular representations of the expanded GER system
|
|
|
Term
| what do neuroepithelial cells give rise to, and what does that product give rise to |
|
Definition
| Neuroepithelial cells give rise to neuroblasts which give rise to neurons |
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|
Term
| How is the nervous system divided anatomically |
|
Definition
| CNS (brain and spinal cord) and PNS (everything else) |
|
|
Term
| How is the nervous system divided functionally |
|
Definition
| Somatic (voluntary) and autonomic (involuntary/unconscious) |
|
|
Term
| What is the endoplasmic reticulum called in the neuronal nuclues? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What percentage of neurons are interneurons |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is nerve tissue compsed of |
|
Definition
Large neurons with long cell processes surrounded by much smaller glial cellsthat lack dendrites and axons
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| like neurons grouped together outside the nervous system |
|
|
Term
| What are the two types of synapses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is responsible for producing myelin in the CNS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what produces myelin in the PNS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are peripheral nerves composed of |
|
Definition
several bundles called fascicles surrounded by connective tissue
|
|
|
Term
| where are parasympathetic ganglia located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the CNS glial cells |
|
Definition
| oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells |
|
|
Term
| what is the dorsal root of the spinal nerve made up of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the ventral root of the spinal nerve made up of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are neurons isolated by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do you call a collection of nerve cells in the CNS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where do the presynaptic neurons of the parasympathetic division arise? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does sympathetic innervation cause? |
|
Definition
| constriction of the smooth muscle |
|
|
Term
| where are the pre-synaptic parasympathetic neuronal cell bodies located? |
|
Definition
| the brain stem or the lumbar sacral region of the spinal cord |
|
|
Term
| what does parasympathetic innervation result in? |
|
Definition
| dilation of blood vessels and relaxation of smooth muscle of the gut |
|
|
Term
| where are the sympathetic nervous system and adrenal medulla derived from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what layer of the meninges contains blood vessels? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what kind of synapses are involved in immediate memory |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the two types of long term memory |
|
Definition
declarative (retention of facts as texts or words)
procedural (retention of motor skills) |
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