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HIST1301 SPC
Exam 2
126
History
Undergraduate 2
11/17/2010
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Term
The U.S.'s FIRST Constitution was called what?
 Definition
The Articles of Confederation
Term
The head of the committee designated to write the FIRST U.S. Constitution in 1777 was:
 Definition
John Dickinson
Term
The chief problem in the RATIFICATION of the FIRST CONSTITUTION in 1777-1781 was:
 Definition
the states with land claims would have ALL the power once the people in the other states migrated westward.
Term
The solution to the problem of ratification of the FIRST CONSTITUTION in 1781 was:
 Definition
the states with land claims would give up their claims so that the western "territories" with the land would be entered into the union as individual states.
Term
The names of the legislation which in 1785 & then in 1787 provided for surveying the west & accepting new states into the union were what?
 Definition
Land Ordinance (1785) and Northwest Ordinance (1787)
Term
The weaknesses of the U.S. government from 1777 to 1787 included what?
 Definition
to enforce taxation, to generate revenue, to raise an army, etc. no national court system, states stymied interstate trade
Term
Meetings to discuss means of improving trade & commerce between the states took place in 1785 & 1786 where?
 Definition
Washington's home (1785) and Annapolis, Maryland (1786)
Term
In 1786 the Confederation Congress authorized a meeting the next May 1787 for the purpose of doing what to the Articles?
 Definition
to "...make the Articles adequate to the EXIGENCIES of the union."
Term
What kinds of laws had been passed in Rhode Island in the 178Os?
 Definition
"stay" laws that postponed the payments on mortgages that had been defaulted on
Term
What was the purpose of Daniel Shay and his farmer friends in the winter of 1786-87?
 Definition
Farmers in western Massachusetts felt discriminated against by the state legislature in Boston, which was pro CREDITORS, who had loaned farmers money during the Revolution, but after the war the farmers could not pay their debts and farms were foreclosed upon. So, Daniel Shay and other farmers surrounded county courts to keep the foreclosures from being carried out.
Term
What MAY have been the effect of Shay's Rebellion in western Massachusetts on the state legislatures?
 Definition
It is possible that fear of other Shay's rebellions prompted many states to send delegates to Philadelphia in 1787
Term
The Constitutional Convention in 1787 met publicly?
 Definition
No.
Term
Who was the "father" of the Constitution of 1787?
 Definition
James Madison
Term
The Constitution of 1787 was ratified by means of what?
 Definition
3/4 vote
Term
The Constitution of 1787 was a document that did WHAT to the relationship between the central government & the PEOPLE?
 Definition
it was designed to deal with the STATES and not with the people
Term
The author of The Federalist #1O that argued that the separation of powers would avoid a tyrannical strong central government was who?
 Definition
James Madison
Term
The state that did not attend the Constitutional Convention in 1787 was:
 Definition
Rhode Island
Term
The chief author of the BILL OF RIGHTS in 1789-1790 was:
 Definition
James Madison
Term
The FIRST vice president was:
 Definition
John Hamilton
Term
The FIRST Secretary of State under George Washington was:
 Definition
Thomas Jefferson
Term
The FIRST Secretary of the Treasury under Washington was:
 Definition
John Hamilton
Term
The idea of paying the national debt at full face value was called:
 Definition
funding
Term
The idea of paying the outstanding STATE debts at full face value was known as:
 Definition
assumption
Term
The three proposals of Alexander Hamilton regarding financial matters included:
 Definition
1. Bank of the US
2. Funding AND Assumption
3. Protective tariff to encourage infant American industries.
Term
The COMPROMISE that allowed paying the FULL FACE value of the state & national debts said:
 Definition
Virginia & the southern states that had paid their state debts were placated by an offer to locate the national capital in the South. Hamilton said he would deliver the votes of Northern commercial interests for the Potomac location of the capital if Madison & Jefferson & Virginia would support the package deal of funding & assumption. So Jefferson & Madison accepted‑‑hoping that the southerners could exert more influence on the national government as it would now be located away from New York & Boston, the commercial centers of the nation.
Term
The reason Jefferson & Madison OBJECTED to the proposal for a BANK OF THE UNITED STATES was that it:
 Definition
they feel that Hamilton is leading the nation down the path of total control by an elite‑‑turning the nation into a timocracy or rule by the rich
Term
The NINTH amendment to the Constitution was significant as it said that:
 Definition
the enumeration of certain rights is not to be understood as denying the existence of other rights.
Term
The socalled STATES RIGHTS amendment to the Constitution was ORIGINALLY intended to protect the integrity of:
 Definition
said that those powers not specifically delegated to the United States Government by the Constitution nor forbidden by it for the states are reserved to the states or the people. So the last one was saying that the central government still has certain powers that cannot be removed except through the amending process.
Term
The prohibitions in the Constitution against the establishment of a religion, etc. protected citizens against their violation by:
 Definition
Federal Government
Term
The argument by Hamilton that the Bank was CONSTITUTIONAL was based upon WHAT CLAUSE of the Constitution?
 Definition
necessary and proper clause
Term
Jefferson's argument AGAINST the Bank created a form of interpreting the Constitution known as:
 Definition
strict constructionism
Term
The Jeffersonian attempt to appeal to the public by means of a newspaper & "Democratical Clubs" was brought to an end by:
 Definition
the Whiskey Rebellion and Washington's denouncement of "Jacobin-like clubs"
Term
Those who followed Hamilton in political matters were called:
 Definition
Republicans or Anti-Federalists
Term
Those who followed Jefferson in political matters were called:
 Definition
Federalists or Hamiltonians (followed Jefferson+Hamilton)
Term
The election of 1796 resulted in the president & vicepresident who were:
 Definition
Adams = President, Jefferson = Vice President (opposing parties)
Term
The president elected in 1796 was:
 Definition
John Adams
Term
One reason the election of 1796 turned out so peculiarly was:
 Definition
Hamilton's poking around
Term
The obviously unconstitutional pieces of legislation passed in President Adam's administration in 1798 were called the:
 Definition
Alien and Sedition Acts
Term
The Federalists intended in 1798 to do what to the Republicans?
 Definition
The point to these laws [alien and sedition acts] was to cut down on the support given the Republicans because immigrants tended to join the Republican Party. The Republican newspapers which criticized the government & the president mercilessly would also be silenced.
Term
In the Kentucky & Virginia Resolutions of 1799 both Jefferson & Madison suggested WHO could declare a federal law UNCONSTITUTIONAL?
 Definition
states
Term
Jefferson was elected president in 1801 after 35 ballots & the assistance of whom in the House of Representatives?
 Definition
Hamilton
Term
The Reason the election of 1801 had to be decided in the House was that:
 Definition
Aaron Burr and Thomas Jefferson were tied for the Presidency
Term
What might have been the goals of Aaron Burr?
 Definition
Term
The occupiers of Louisiana from 1763 to 1800 were the:
 Definition
French
Term
The reason Napoleon sold Louisiana to the U.S. in 1803 was the loss of his army in the uprising in:
 Definition
Term
Jefferson responded to the renewed conflict between the French & English after 1805 with his:
 Definition
Term
The English defeated the French & Spanish in 1805 in a famous naval battle off:
 Definition
Term
The French & Napoleon became masters of the European continent in 1805 after defeating the English at the Battle of:
 Definition
Term
The New Englanders during the Napoleonic Wars generally preferred which side?
 Definition
British
Term
The basic reason the U.S. declared war on Great Britain in 1812 had to do with the discovery of British weapons among the Indian corpses at:
 Definition
Term
The name of the treaty that ended the War of 1812 on 24 December 1814 on the basis of the STATUS QUO ANTE BELLUM was:
 Definition
Term
The Battle of New Orleans was fought a MONTH after the end of the war of 1812 & gave rise to the career of:
 Definition
Term
What was the name of the meeting in 1814 in December when New Englanders said they would SECEDE if "Mr. Madison's" war were not ended?
 Definition
Term
The phrase "VIRGINIA DYNASTY" referred to:
 Definition
The power being held by the "FFV's", the "First Families of Virginia" for generations
Term
The phrase "KING CAUCUS" referred to:
 Definition
Term
In the British Treaty Line of 1818 the northern boundary of the U.S. in the Louisiana Territory was set along which line?
 Definition
Term
What was the defensive posture of the US and Canada as a result of the Rush-Bagot Agreement?
 Definition
Term
In the Rush-Bagot or British Treaty Line Agreement of 1818 what was the status of the Oregon Territory?
 Definition
Term
What famous American general invaded Florida and occupied it in 1818 and then executed two British gunrunners?
 Definition
Term
Who was the Secretary of State who was instrumental in getting Spain to hand over Florida in 1819?
 Definition
Term
According to the Adams-de Onis Treaty of 1819 what was the southern boundary of the Louisiana Territory?
 Definition
Term
What were the proposals made by President Madison in 1816?
 Definition
Term
Why did the Republicans propose a "neo-federalist" list of actions in 1816?
 Definition
Term
Who was the author and advocate of the AMERICAN SYSTEM?
 Definition
Term
What did the AMERICAN SYSTEM mean?
 Definition
Term
What was the name of the two factions into which the Republican Party had split between 1816 and 1824?
 Definition
Term
Who was the LAST of the 18th century presidents who wore a three cornered hat and espoused the ideals of the late 18th century?
 Definition
Term
What was the meaning of the phrase, "An Era of Good Feelings?"
 Definition
No big wars or major conflicts
Term
The Panic of 1819 especially upset what part of the country?
 Definition
Term
The Missouri Compromise of 1819-1820 resulted in what two new states coming into the union?
 Definition
Term
In the Missouri Compromise there was to be NO Slavery in what area?
 Definition
Term
The "Monroe Doctrine" really ought to be attributed to what intelligent Secretary of State?
 Definition
Term
The "caucus"`candidate for president in 1824 was:
 Definition
Term
The man who got a PLURALITY in the Electoral College in the election of 1824 was:
 Definition
Term
The reason that Crawford could not be considered for the presidency in the House in 1825 was that he:
 Definition
Term
What was the role of Henry Clay in selecting the president in the House of Representatives in 1825?
 Definition
Term
Was there a real "corrupt bargain" between Clay and Adams in 1825?
 Definition
Term
What job in Adams' government did Clay get in 1825?
 Definition
Term
What were the issues that were looked at askance by the COMMON MAN in Adams' presidency from 1825 to 1829?
 Definition
Term
The first president who had little formal education, travelled little & who acted on his whims & often emotion was:
 Definition
Term
What WAS the Doctrine of the Common Man?
 Definition
Term
In 1828 what was said by the followers of Adams to discredit Jackson?
 Definition
Term
In the election of 1828 what was said by the followers of Jackson to discredit Adams?
 Definition
Term
What did the election of 1828 suggest about the TONE of democratic campaigns?
 Definition
Term
What kind of people were appointed to government jobs by Andrew Jackson?
 Definition
Term
What did Jackson say was his political theory?
 Definition
Term
How did Jackson respond to the land bill of Henry Clay?
 Definition
Term
How did Jackson respond to the Supreme Court decision of John Marshall regarding the Indians?
 Definition
Term
How did Jackson respond to efforts to renew the charter of the Second Bank of the United States in 1832?
 Definition
Term
How did Jackson use the veto power of the president?
 Definition
Term
Jackson's party changed its name to what in 1832?
 Definition
Term
The method used in 1832 by Jackson's party to choose presidential candidates was:
 Definition
Term
What were the contributions of the WEST to a limited democracy?
 Definition
Term
What were the contributions of the EAST to a limited democracy in the so-called JACKSONIAN ERA?
 Definition
Term
What was the contribution of the new religious and philosophical emphases to a limited democracy in the so-called Jacksonian Era?
 Definition
Term
The founder of the Unitarian viewpoint was:
 Definition
Term
The author of CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE was:
 Definition
Term
The most numerous members of religious denominations in the 1820s & 1830s tended to be:
 Definition
Term
The famous founder of the organized revival in the US was:
 Definition
Term
Evangelical Christians exhorted their flocks to do what?
 Definition
Term
The woman who advocated humane treatment of the insane and criminals was:
 Definition
Term
The man who promoted a required public school curriculum in Massachusetts was:
 Definition
Term
The founder of the Shaker religious community was:
 Definition
Term
To the Shakers Christ reappeared in the 18th century as a:
 Definition
Term
The founder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints or Mormon Church was:
 Definition
Term
The Mormon leader who took his flock to Utah in the 184Os to escape persecution in the United States was:
 Definition
Term
Included among the SECULAR or worldly perfectionist or communitarian experiments were the:
 Definition
Term
--The attitude of northern states & territories toward blacks was:
 Definition
Term
--The brilliant Maryland slave who learned how to read & write & then overpowered his overseer & wrote himself a pass to freedom was:
 Definition
Term
--The name of the free black that planned an uprising in Charleston, S.C. in the 1820s was:
 Definition
Term
--The year 1831-32 was significant for several reasons that included:
 Definition
Term
--The assassin of Lincoln in April 1865 was:
 Definition
Term
--Andrew Johnson was from WHAT state?
 Definition
Term
--Which of the following describe Andrew Johnson?
 Definition
Term
--In Johnson's Plan of Reconstruction, WHO HAD to get the president's forgiveness before being able to vote & hold office?
 Definition
Term
--In December 1865, what aspect of the newly reconstructed southern governments shocked Northerners?
 Definition
Term
--What happened to President Johnson in the "swing around the circle" in the midterm election of 1866?
 Definition
Term
--What did Congress do to President Johnson in May 1868 when he continued to defy it?
 Definition
Term
--The "harsh" or Congressional Reconstruction was seen as such by white planters because:
 Definition
Term
--What were some of the ADVANCES in the south during "Radical Reconstruction?"
 Definition
Term
--In 1873 the north tired of disturbances in the south & did what to permit former rebel leaders to vote & hold office?
 Definition
Term
--The name southerners gave to former Confederates who got back into power in all but 3 southern states from 1873-1876 was that of the:
 Definition
Term
--The Democratic candidate for president in 1876 & probable winner of the disputed election was:
 Definition
Term
--The 3 southern states where there were TWO sets of Electoral College votes sent to Washington were:
 Definition
Term
--The FIRST & public Compromise of 1877 resulted in WHAT to count the disputed Electoral College votes?
 Definition
Term
--The SECRET and second Compromise of 1877 included what?
 Definition
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