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| 5 wars b/w Spain & France, none of which were won by the French. The 1559 Peace of Cateau-Cambresis was a treaty that ended the Hapsburg-Valois Wars |
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King of France (1515)
He has been called France's original Renaissance monarch. He was great rivals with Henry VIII and Charles V (which would give rise to the Protestant Revolution)) |
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King of France (1547) who successed Francis I.
He married Catherine de Medici. During his reign, Protestantism became an important minority religion in France, in spite of his efforts to suppress it. His death led to a weakning of French royal authority that helped spur decades of religious violence b/w Protestants & Catholics. |
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| Succeeded as King at the age of 15 after the accidental death of his father, Henri II |
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| Son of Henri II & Catherine de Medici, who was regent during his minority. His reign was dominated by the Religious Wars and he was known as the king at the time of St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre. |
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| King of France (1589) & King of Navarre (1572). First monarch of the Bourbon branch of the Capetian dynasty in France. He converted to Catholicism before his coronation & enacted the Edict of Nantes--ending the civil war. |
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| Major religious events on continent, outside of France |
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Beginning of Reformation in 1517; Luther posts the "95 Thesis" in city of Wittenberg
1545-Council of Trent (Catholic Reformation)
1541-Calvin established his religious reform
1555-Peace of Augsburg |
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| French Religious Wars (1562-1598) |
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| French Protestants adopted Calvinists beliefs and were known as "Huguenots." Revolt b/w Catholics & Protestants begins in 1562. The appeal of Calvinish in France had something to do with political struggles b/w powerful aristocrats who opposed the French monarchy & wanted more authority. Likewise, rising members of the bourgeois and higher levels of the artisanal classes valued the more independent, less hierarchical, and participatory church structures found in Calvinist churches. |
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