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| a time of dramatic changes in agriculture, industry and technology |
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| also known as the Industrial Revolution, was from 1760 to 1900 |
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| growing just enough food to feed their own families |
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| the way of life based on the biblical teaching that God expects all men to work and that all work is a noble duty to be performed toward God |
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| steel plow with replacable parts |
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| invented by Cyrus McCormick in 1834, enabling farmers to harvest six times more land |
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| work was done in small private shops |
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| ever-increasing numbers of people were employed to produce manufactured goods in a systematic way for wages |
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| wages are compared to the cost of living |
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| invented by John Kay, it allowed one person to weave bolts of cloth |
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| Invented by James Hargreaves, it automatically spun fiber into thread |
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| Invented by Richard Arkwright, cotten alone could be spun into thread |
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| Invented by Samuel Crompton, combined the spinning jenny and spinning frame |
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| Invented by Edmund Cartwright, to replace hand weaving |
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| forced many peasant famers off the land and enabled landholders to control breeding livestock and thereby increase the size and quality of livestock as well as milk production |
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| also known as Eli Whitney |
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| Invented by Eli Whitneyin 1793, making it possible for one plantation slave to do the work that had previously required 50 slaves |
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| improvements in technology always improve upon or add to our natural resources to make life better for all |
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| Invented by Sir Humphry Davy |
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| heat to remove impurities |
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| an Englishmen, discovered an inexpensive process for converting iron into steel by using currents of air |
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| an Amercan working independently of Bessesmer, discovered essentially the same process in the same decade and called it the Bessemer process |
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| converting iron into steel by currents of air |
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| completed in 1825 and connected lake erie to the hudson river |
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| in 1869 it joined the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean |
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| long lean sailing vessels known for their tremendous speed on the high seas |
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| were surpassed by the clipper ships |
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| built the first pratical steamship later christened the Clermont |
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| an English inventor built the first pratical steam powered locamotive in 1814 |
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| perfected a gasoline fueled internal combustion engine in 1886 |
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| unveiled his diesel engine, which was powerful enough for larger vehicles such as locomotives and even ships |
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| developed the first modern automobiles |
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| Invented by Samuel Morse in 1844 |
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| Invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876 |
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| invented the wireless telegraph in 1896 |
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| proposed but John Dalton, all matter is composed of sub-molecular particles called atoms |
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| discovered the relationship between electricity and magnestism, which led to the invention of the electric motor and the electric generator |
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| helped formulate the laws of thermodynamics and introduced an absolute scale for measuring temperature |
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| laid the foundation for electrical engineering by mathatically explaining electrical force and correctly theorizing that electromagnetic energy travel as a "wave" |
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| experimented with radioactivity and discovered two new elements polonium and radium |
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| Edward Jenner develops the first vaccine |
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| Guglielmo Marconi invents the wireless telegraph |
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| Reform Bill grants suffrage to all middle-class males |
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| Slavery abolished throughout British Empire |
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| Charles Darwin publishes On the Origin of Species |
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| British North America Act makes Canada a self-governing commonwealth |
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