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Definition
| the fisrt person to describe cells while looking at thin slices of cork |
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| a person who make his own microscopes and saw protist, bacteria, blood cells, and yeast |
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| the scientist who concluded that all plant parts are made of cells |
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| the scientist who concluded that all animal tissues are made of cells |
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| the scientist who stated that all cells could form only from other existing |
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Definition
| a protective layer that covers the cell's surface and acts as a barrier. it also controls what enters and leaves the cell |
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| a gel-like substance inside the cell |
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| structures inside a cell that perform specific functions for the cell |
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| a membrane-covered organelle that contains the cell's DNA and controls what happens inside the cell |
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| a rigid structure that surrounds a cell to give it support |
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| a web of proteins in the cytoplasm that keeps the cell membrane from collapsing and can help with movement |
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| organelles that make proteins |
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| a system of membranes in a cell's cytoplasm that transports proteins and produces lipids |
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| an organelle that breaks down sugar to release energy |
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| organelles in plant cells where photosynthesis happens |
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Definition
| the process where plants and algae use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make oxygen and sugar |
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Definition
| a green pigment that is found inside chloroplasts that traps the energy from sunlight |
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Definition
| an organelle that helps make and package materials that will be moved out of the cell |
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Definition
| a small sac that surrounds materials to be moves into or out of the cell |
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Definition
| an organelle that contains digestive enzymes that destroy worn out or damaged organelles, gets rid of wastes, and protects the cell from foreign materials (these are mainly found in animal cells) |
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Definition
| an organelle that stores materials in a cell |
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Definition
| a group of cells that work together to do a specific job |
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Definition
| a collection of tissues that carry out a specialied function |
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Definition
| a group of organs working together to do a specific job |
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Definition
| onganism made of just 1 cell |
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Definition
| the arrangement of parts in an organism |
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| the job a specific part does |
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Definition
| the movement of particles from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration |
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Definition
| the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane |
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Definition
| when only certain substances are allowed to pass through |
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Definition
| the movement of particles across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell |
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Definition
| the movement of substances that requires the cell to use energy |
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Definition
| a type of active transport where a cell surrounds a particle and brings it into a cell |
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| an active transport process where particles leave the cell |
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Definition
| the process where cells use oxygen to break down food to release energy |
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Definition
| the process where cells break down food and release energy without using oxygen |
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Definition
| a substance produced in fermentation that makes muscles burn and feel stiff and sore |
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| structures that are made up of DNA in a cell |
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| the stage of the cell cycle where a cell grows and copies its organelles and chromosomes |
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Definition
| the process of chromosome separation |
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Term
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Definition
| the division of cytoplasm |
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Term
| List the 3 parts of cell theory |
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Definition
| 1-all organisms are made of 1 or more cells 2-the cell is the basic unit of all living things 3-all cells come from existion cells |
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Term
| List and describe 2 basic types of cells |
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Definition
| Prokaryotic-cell that have NO nucleus Eukaryotic-cells that have a nucleus |
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| What are 3 benefits of being multicellular? |
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Definition
| 1-larger size 2-longer life 3-more specilization |
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Term
| What happens in photosynthesis? |
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Definition
| the process that plants, algae, and some bacteria use to make glucose (sugar) and oxygen from sunlight, carbon dioxide and water |
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Term
| Where does photosynthesis happen? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens in cellular respiration? |
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Definition
| glucose and oxygen combine to release carbon dioxide, water, and energy |
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Term
| Where does cellular respiration happen? |
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Definition
| in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells or in the cell membrane of prokaryotic cells |
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Term
| What are the 3 stages in the eukaryotic cell cycle? |
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Definition
| 1-interphase 2-mitosis 3-cell separation |
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Term
| What are the phases of mitosis? |
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Definition
| 1-prophase 2-metaphase 3-anaphase 4-telophase |
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Term
| What happens in prophase? |
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Definition
| the nuclear membrane disappears, the chromosomes condense into rodlike structures |
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Term
| What happens in metaphase? |
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Definition
| chromosomes line up across the middle of a cell, homologous chromosomes pair up |
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Term
| What happens in anaphase? |
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Definition
| chromosomes separate, chromosomes move to opposits sides of the cell |
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Term
| What happens in telophase? |
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Definition
| the nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes, chromosomes unwind |
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Term
| What happens in cytokinesis? |
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Definition
| the cell membrane pinches in, to form two new daughter cells |
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