Term
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Definition
| the movenent of particles from regions of higher density (concentration) to regions of lower density |
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Term
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Definition
| the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| only certain substances can allowed to pass through |
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of substances across the cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| the process in which a cell releases a particle by enclosing the particle in a vesicle that then moves to the cell surface and fuses with the celll membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food |
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Term
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Definition
| the breakdown of food without the use of oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structuress in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure |
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Term
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Definition
| in eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| the division of the cytoplasm of a cell |
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Term
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Definition
| the main pigment used in photosynthesis; it is found in chloroplasts |
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Term
| Where does photosynthesis happen? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| molecules that absorb light energy |
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Term
| What happens in cellular respiration? |
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Definition
| glucose and oxygen combine to release carbon dioxide, water, and energy |
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Term
| Where does cellular repiration happen? |
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Definition
| in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells or inthe cell membrane of prokaryotic cells |
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Term
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Definition
| a substance produced in fermentation that makes muscles burn and fell stiff and sore |
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Term
| How do prokaryotic cells reproduce? |
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Definition
| prokaryotic cells use binary fission |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three stages in a eukaryotic cell cycle? |
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Definition
| 1 - interphase 2- mitosis 3 - cell separation |
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Term
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Definition
| the stage of the cell cycle where a cell grows and copies its organelles and chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| the two copies of chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| a region that holds together each pair of chromatids |
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Term
| What are the phases of mitosis? |
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Definition
| 1-prophase 2-metaphase 3-anaphase 4-telophase |
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Term
| What happens in prophase? |
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Definition
| the nuclear membrane disappears, the chromosomes condense into rodlike structures |
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Term
| What happens in metaphase? |
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Definition
| chromosomes line up across the middle of a cell, homologous chromosomes pair up |
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Term
| What happens in anaphase? |
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Definition
| chromosomes separate, chromosomes move to opposite sides of the cell |
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Term
| What happens in telophase? |
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Definition
| the nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes, chromosomes unwind |
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Term
| What type of cells use ckytokinesis? |
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Definition
| cells that have no cell walls |
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Term
| What happens in cytokinesis? |
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Definition
| the cell membrane pinches in to form two new daughter cells |
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Term
| How do cells that do have a cell wall separate? |
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Definition
| a cell plate forms across the middle of the cell and a new cell wall forms where the cell plate was once the cells separate |
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