Term
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Definition
| the non-living factors in the environment |
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Term
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Definition
| the average weather conditions for an area over a long period of time |
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Term
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Definition
| the living factors in the environment |
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Term
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Definition
| a large area characterized by its climate and the plants and animals that live in the area; it contains related ecosystems |
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Term
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Definition
| a biome with mild temperatures and plenty of rain |
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Term
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Definition
1-temperate deciduous forest
2-coniferous forest
3-tropical rain forest |
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Term
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Definition
| trees that shed their leaves to save water during the winter or during the dry season |
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Term
| CHARACTERITICS OF A TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST |
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Definition
average temperature 43 - 82 degrees and 29.5 - 49 inches of rain
plants-deciduous trees, ferns, mosses, and woody shrubs
animals-bears, snakes, woodpeckers, and rabbits |
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Term
| CHARACTERITICS OF A CONIFEROUS FOREST |
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Definition
average temperature 14 - 57 degrees and 14 - 29.5 inches of rain
plants-most trees are coniferous
animals-squirrels, insects, finches, porcupines, elk and moose |
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Term
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Definition
| trees that produce seeds in cones and have special leaves shaped like needles; also called evergreen trees |
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Term
| 3 FUNCTIONS OF THE WAXY COATING OF CONIFER LEAVES |
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Definition
1-keeps leaves from drying out
2-protects needles from being damaged by cold temperatures
3-allows most conifer leaves to stay on year round |
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Term
| CHARACTERISTICS of a TROPICAL RAIN FOREST |
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Definition
average temperature 68 - 93 degrees up to 157.5 inches of rain
more biological diversity than any other place on Earth
most animals live in canopy
most of the nutrients are found in the plants |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 3 OTHER NAMES for GRASSLANDS |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 MAIN TYPES OF GRASSLANDS |
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Definition
| temperate grasslands and savannas |
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Term
| CHARACTERISTICS of a TEMPERATE GRASSLAND |
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Definition
average temperature 32 - 86 degrees 10 - 29.5 inches of rain
plants-grasses and flowering plants but few trees
animals-prairie dogs, mice, bison |
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Term
| CHARACTERISTICS of a SAVANNA |
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Definition
average temperature 61 - 93 degrees 59 inches of rain (rainfall is seasonal)
plants-scattered clumps oftrees
animals-elephants, giraffes, zebras, wildebeasts |
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Term
| CHARACTERISTICS of a DESERT |
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Definition
average temperature 45 - 100 degrees less than 10 inches of rain
very hot and often dry
plants-cactus
animals-jackrabbits, lizards, kangaroo rats |
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Term
| 4 ADAPTATIONS DESERT PLANTS HAVE |
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Definition
1-grow far apart so they do not compete for water
2-have shallow, widespread roots to take up water during a storm
3-have fleshy stems and leaves to store water
4-have waxy coating to prevent water loss |
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Term
| 5 ADAPTATIONS DESERT ANIMALS HAVE |
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Definition
1-most are active at night (nocturnal)
2-some bury themselves under the ground during summer (estivation)
3-store water under shells
4-recycle water from foods
5-have huge ears to get rid of heat |
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Term
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Definition
| a bione that is very cold (-15 - 54 degrees) and receives little rainfall (12 - 20 inches) |
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Term
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Definition
| polar tundra and alpine tundra |
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Term
| CHARACTERISTICS of POLAR TUNDRA |
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Definition
found near the North and South poles
has permafrost
plants-grasses, small shrubs, mosses and lichens
animals-insects, birds, musk oxen, wolves, caribou |
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Term
| CHARACTERISTICS of ALPINE TUNDRA |
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Definition
| found at the top of tall mountains |
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Term
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Definition
| a layer of soil beneath the surface soil that stays frozen all of the time |
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Term
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Definition
| the elevation above which trees can not grow on a mountain |
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Term
| How much of the EARTH'S SURFACE IS covered by OCEANS |
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Definition
| 3/4 of the Earth's surface |
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Term
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Definition
| ecosystems found in the ocean |
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Term
| What shapes MARINE ECOSYSTEMS |
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Definition
| abiotic factors (temperature, amount of sunlight, and water depth) |
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Term
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Definition
| tiny organisms that float near the surface of the water, they form the basis of the ocean's food chains |
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Term
| 3TEMPERATURE ZONES in the OCEAN |
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Definition
1-surface zone-warmest, heated by sunlight
2-thermocline-water temperature drops with increased depth quickly in this zone
3-deep zone-goes from bottom of thermocline to ocean bottom, very cold temperatures |
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Term
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Definition
1-intertidal
2-neritic
3-oceanic
4-benthic |
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Term
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Definition
| the area where the ocean meets the land |
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Term
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Definition
| where the ocean floor starts to slope downward; the water here is warm with lots of sunlight; corals, sea turtles, fish and dolphins live in this zone |
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Term
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Definition
| where the sea floor drops quickly; it contains the deep water of the open ocean, plankton, fish, whales, squid and sharks are in this zone |
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Term
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Definition
| the ocean floor; there is no sunlight and the water is very cold; fish, worms, crabs, bacteria and sea urchins are found in this zone; animals in this zone get most of their food from dead materials that sink from above |
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Term
| 3 REASONS the OCEAN IS IMPORTANT |
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Definition
1-it provides most of out water through evaporation
2-the ocean temperature and currents affect the world's climate and wind patterns
3-humans and animals get food from the ocean |
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Term
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Definition
1-mudflats
2-sandy beaches
3-rocky shores |
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Term
| 2 ADAPTAIONS SOME ANIMALS HAVE FOR LIVING ALONG ROCKY SHORES |
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Definition
1-"holdfasts" root like structures to anchor themselves
2-a special glue to hold them in place |
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Term
| How do CORAL REEFS DEVELOP |
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Definition
| when corals die, they leave their skeleton behind and over time they build up and form a reef that is the home for many marine animals |
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Term
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Definition
| an area where fresh water from streams and rivers spills into the ocean |
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Term
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Definition
| an ecosystem in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| CHARACTERISTICS of the POLAR ICE ECOSYSTEM |
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Definition
| it is located in the Arctic Ocean and in the ocean around Antarctica, the water is rich in nutriensts which supports lots of plankton, polar bears and penguins are also in this ecosystem |
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Term
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Definition
| a place where water flows from underground to the Earth's surface |
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Term
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Definition
| a stream that joins a larger stream |
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Term
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Definition
| a very strong, wide stream |
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Term
| an IMPORTANT ABIOTIC FACTOR in FRESHWATER ecosystems |
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Definition
| how quickly the water moves |
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Term
| 3 ZONES of a LAKE or POND |
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Definition
1-littoral zone
2-open-water zone
3-deep-water zone |
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Term
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Definition
| the area of water closest to the shore |
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Term
| ORGANISMS IN THE LITTORAL ZONE |
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Definition
| algae, cattails, rushes, water lilies, snails, insects, clams, worms, frogs, salamanders, turtles, fish and snakes |
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Term
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Definition
| the area of the lake or pond that stretches across the water between the littoral zones as deep as the sunlight will reach |
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Term
| ORGANISMS IN THE OPEN-WATER ZONE |
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Definition
| bass, lake trout, other fish, photosynthetic plankton |
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Term
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Definition
| an area beneath the open-water zone where NO sunlight reaches |
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Term
| ORGANISMS IN THE DEEP-WATER ZONE |
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Definition
| catfish, worms, crustaceans, fungi, bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| an area of land that is sometimes underwater or whose soil contains a great deal of moisture |
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Term
| 3 REASON WETLANDS ARE IMPORTANT |
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Definition
1-support many plants and animals
2-help with flood control
3-replenish underground water supplies |
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Term
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Definition
| a treeless wetland ecosystem; you would find grasses, reeds, bulrushes, wild rice, muskrats, turtles, frogs, and birds |
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Term
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Definition
| a wetland ecosystem with trees and vines; you would find willows, poison ivy, orchids, water lilies, fish, snakes and birds |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the four larger islands of the Caribbean islands Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico |
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