Term
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Definition
alter cellular metabolism by virture of their structural resplance to endogenous compounds
sulfonamides resemble par aminobenzoic acid
Trimethoprim resembles pteridine |
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Term
| sulfonamides and trimethoprim inhibit |
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Definition
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Term
| combination of sulfonamides and trimethoprim |
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Definition
| synergistic ant-bacterial effect |
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Term
| resistance is common with |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| selectively inhibit microbial nucleic acid metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
modest tissue penetrtation, heaptic metabolism
excrection of both intact and acetylated metabolites in the urine |
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Term
| solubility of sulfonamides |
|
Definition
| decreases in acidic urine |
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Term
|
Definition
short acting
intermediate actiong
long acting |
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Term
| trimethoprin is a structurally similar to |
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Definition
folic acid
weak base trapped ina na acidic environment |
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Term
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Definition
| bacteriostatic inhibtors of folic acid syntehsis. mamallian cells don't produce folic acid |
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Term
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Definition
| slective inhinbtor of bacterial dihydrofolate reductase---> folic acid |
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Term
| the combination oif sulfonamides and trimethorpim |
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Definition
| sequential blockadeof folic acid |
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Term
| resistance to sulfonamides is |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| gram positive and gram negative proganisms, chlamyidae and nocardia |
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Term
|
Definition
simple urinary tract infetion oral
ocular infections
burn infections
ulcerative colitis
toxoplamosis |
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Term
| suflomethoxazole-trimetoprim |
|
Definition
| effective orally in the treatment of urinary tract infections and in resporatory ear and sunus infections caused by H, Influenzae and ,. Cathrhalls |
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Term
|
Definition
HYPERSENSITIVITY
GI
Hematoxicity
nephrotoxicity
drug interactions |
|
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Term
| fluorquinolone generations |
|
Definition
1st norflexacin gran negativ e bacteria
2nd generations-ciprofolxacina nd ofloxacin have greater activity against gram- bacteria, many gram +cocci, mycobacteria and agents of atypical pneumonia
3rd generation less against - more against + than 2nd genreation
gemifloxacin, moxifloxacin broadest to date |
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Term
| fluoroquinolone pharmacokinetics |
|
Definition
good oral bioavailability and penetrate most tisse. half lives range 3-8 hours
elimination kidney |
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Term
|
Definition
| topoisomerase II DNA gyrase |
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Term
| fluoroquiolones do or do not exhibit post antibiotic effect |
|
Definition
| yes like aminioglycosides |
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Term
| resistance to fluoroquinolones |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| fluoroquinolones are effective atgainsts |
|
Definition
urogenitala nad gastroitnestinal gram negatives.
gonococci, e coli klebsiella, camplobacter, enterobacter, psudomonas, almonella, shigella |
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Term
| toxicity to fluoroquinolones |
|
Definition
| skin rashes, headache, dizziness, insomnia, abnormal liver function, opportumom,s by c albicans and strepto cocci. |
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Term
|
Definition
| isonizid, ripamfin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, streptomycin |
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Term
|
Definition
emchanism: inhibitis of mycolic acids,
resistance: emerge if used alone, deletion of kat G gene, or knh A genebactericidal
Pharmkinetics: well absorbed orally and penetrates cells to act on intracellular mycobacteria
acetylation by liver
fast acetylators includign NA-60 -90 minutes |
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Term
|
Definition
bactericidal
resistance via changes in drug sensitivity of the polymerase often emerges rapidly if the drug is used alone
orally well absorbed
tratment of latent tb can be used alone
helps prevent resistance to dapsone in leprosy
rifampin may be used with vancomycin against mrsa or PRSP |
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Term
|
Definition
inhibtis cell wall
rsistance in emb gene |
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Term
|
Definition
mechanism not known
bacteriostatic
rsoatamce pccirs voa ,uutations in genses tahat encode enzymes involved in |
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Term
|
Definition
dapsone- sulfone
inhibiton of folic acid
acedapsone- |
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