Term
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Definition
| the process of keeping blood in its fluid state while stopping hemorrhage that occurs from trauma or disease |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| the players in primary hemostasis |
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Definition
platelets
vascular endothelium
von willebrands factor |
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Term
| steps in primary hemostasis |
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Definition
1. Injury to blood vessel(collagen exposed)
2.platelets adhere to exposed collagen
3.platelet plug forms
4tissue factor is produced when vessel wall is damaged
5. prostaglandins are released |
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Term
| in primary hemostasis this is required to facillitate platelet adhesion |
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Definition
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Term
| what becomes activated when the vessel wall is damaged? |
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Definition
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Term
| where von willebrand factor is synthesized |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a plasma protein that is only involved directly in primary hemostasis. |
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Term
| von willebrands factor carries which factor? |
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Definition
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Term
| vitamin K is needed for synthesis of which factors? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| coagulation factors are made in? |
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Definition
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Term
| three pathways in secondary hemostasis |
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Definition
Extrinsic
intrinsic
common |
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Term
| what starts the extrinsic pathway |
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Definition
| tissue factor from disruption of endothelium |
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Term
| factor VII is activated to VIIa in the extrinsic pathway, factor VIIa activates what in the common pathway? |
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Definition
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Term
| intrinsic pathway is initiated by? |
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Definition
| negative surface charde in blood vessel |
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Term
| factors involved in intrinsic |
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Definition
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Term
| which activated factors in the intrinsic pathway lead to activation of common pathway |
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Definition
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Term
| in the common pathway what causes activation of factor II(prothrombin) to thrombin? |
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Definition
| factors X,V, and IV stick to platelets |
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Term
| in common pathway thrombin + activated factor XII (fibrin stabilizing factor) cause??? |
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Definition
| fibrinogen(factor I) to be converted to Fibrin |
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Term
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Definition
| the final stage of hemostasis, the breakdown of fibrin clot and return to normal blood flow. |
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Term
| what happens in fibrinolysis? |
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Definition
plasmin breaks down fibrin into:
FDPs(fibrin degradation products) and D-dimers (both of these are anticoagulants)
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Term
| Acquired Hemostatic disorders |
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Definition
Tickborne disease
hemangisarcoma
liver disease
kidney disease
immune-mediated disease
toxins |
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Term
| Inherited hemostatic disorders |
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Definition
they are all congenital---
**VON WILLEBRANDS DISEASE**
factor VIII and factor IX deficiencies (rare) |
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Term
| primary hemostasis disorders |
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Definition
| Petechial hemmorrhages, ecchymoses, epistaxis, melena, urogenital bleeding, hyphema, spntaneous bleeding, surgical or injection site bleeding, hematomas |
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Term
| secondary hemostasis disorders |
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Definition
hematomas
bleeding into:
Joints
cavities
muscles
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Term
| number one breed predisposed to von willebrands disease |
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Definition
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Term
| situations that warrant hemostatic testing |
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Definition
excessive bleeding
pre-anestetic testing for at risk animals
anticoagulant toxin exposure
suspicion of DIC
Genetic testing for breeding |
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Term
| tests used to evaluate primary hemostasis |
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Definition
CBC/blood smear/platelet estimate or count
BMBT(buccal mucosal bleeding time)
vWF ELISA
vWF DNA |
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Term
| tests used to evaluate secondary hemostasis |
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Definition
PT: prothrombin time
aPTT:activated partial Thromboplastin time
ACT: activated clotting time
PIVKA: Proteins induced by vit.k absence |
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Term
| tests used to evaluate fibrinolysis |
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Definition
Measurements of
FDP
D-dimers |
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Term
| most common cause of clinical signs of bleeding in dogs |
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Definition
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Term
| what needs to be ruled out before doing a BMBT test |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| which factor has the shortest half life? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
draw citrate from tube into syringe
draw blood
fill citrate tube with citrate added blood
centrifuge
pull off plasma
freeze and ship on ice to lab (in red top tube) |
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Term
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Definition
intrinsic and common
everything but VII
same procedure as PT |
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Term
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Definition
Use ACT tube
draw blood and put it in ACT tube
put in warm water bath (37°C) for 60sec for dogs and 45secs for cats
at 5 sec intervals invert tube to check for a clot |
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