Term
| The location of the apex of the lungs |
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Definition
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Term
| The location of the lower border of the lung |
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Definition
| crosses the 6th rib at midclavicular line and the 8th rib midaxillary |
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Term
| Where the trachea bifurcates anteriorly |
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Definition
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Term
| Where the trachea bifurcates posteriorly |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Angina
Pericarditis
Dissecting Aortic Aneurysm
Bronchitis
Pneumonia
costochondritis
GERD |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what wheezes may represent |
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Definition
| partial airway obstruction |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Deaths that Smoking Accounts for |
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Definition
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Term
| leading preventable cause of death |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Ask
Advise
Assess
Assist
Arrange |
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Term
| Risks that increase with smoking |
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Definition
infertility
preterm birth
low birth weight
SIDS |
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Term
| placement of patient's arms when examining the posterior thorax |
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Definition
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Term
| The position in which wheezes are more likely to be heard |
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Definition
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Term
| Things to observe when patient is breathing normally |
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Definition
| rate, rhythm, depth, and effort |
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Term
| What is palpated for in chest exam |
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Definition
masses
tenderness
expansion
tactile fremitus |
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Term
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Definition
| sounds associated with air/fluid/solid tissues |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Disease with poor diaphragmatic excursion |
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Definition
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Term
| Associated with unilateral raised diaphragm |
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Definition
effusion
atelectasis
paralysis |
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Term
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Definition
Vesicular
Bronchial
Brochovesicular |
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Term
| Normal location of vesicular sounds |
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Definition
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Term
| Normal location of bronchial sounds |
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Definition
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Term
| Normal location of bronchovesicular sounds |
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Definition
| 1 and 2 interspace between scapulas |
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Term
| What is suspected if bronchial or brochovesicular are heard in other areas |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Crackles, wheezes, rhonchi, stridor |
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Term
| Discontinuous adventitious sound |
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Definition
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Term
| Continuous adventitious sound |
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Definition
| Wheezes, Rhonchi, Stridor |
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Term
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Definition
| shrill, high pitch squeaky on expiration |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Bronchophony
Egophony
Whispered Pectoriloquy |
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Term
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Definition
time patient’s 8-foot walk.
repeat the walk and note the faster time as well as the effort, rate, and sound of patient’s breathing |
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Term
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Definition
patient to take a deep breath in and then breath out as quickly as possible with mouth open.
Listen over trachea with the diaphragm of the stethoscope and time the audible expiration-try to get three consistent readings |
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Term
| Identifying a Rib Fracture |
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Definition
| one hand on the sternum and the other on the thoracic spine, squeeze the chest and ask if it is painful |
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Term
| physical examination findings associated with normal lungs |
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Definition
Percussion: Resonant
Trachea Midline
Breath Sounds: Vesicular(normal)
Adventitious sounds: none; except perhaps a few transient inspiratory crackles at the bases of the lungs
Tactile Fremitus and transmitted voice sounds normal. |
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Term
| physical examination findings associated with chronic Bronchitis |
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Definition
i. Percussion: Resonant
ii. Trachea Midline
iii. Breath Sounds: Vesicular(normal)
iv. Adventitious sounds: none or scattered coarse crackles in early inspiration and perhaps expiration; or wheezes or rhonchi
v. Tactile Fremitus and transmitted voice sounds normal. |
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Term
| physical examination findings associated with left-sided heart failure |
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Definition
i. Percussion: Resonant
ii. Trachea: Midline
iii. Breath Sounds: Vesicular(normal)
iv. Adventitious sounds: late inspiratory crackles in dependent portions of the lungs; possibly wheezes
v. Tactile Fremitus and transmitted voice sounds normal |
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Term
| physical examination findings associated with consolidation |
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Definition
i. Percussion: Dull-over airless area
ii. Trachea: Midline
iii. Breath Sounds: Bronchial over the involved area
iv. Adventitious sounds: : late inspiratory crackles over involved area
v. Tactile Fremitus and transmitted voice sounds: increased over involved area with bronchophony, egophony, and pectoriloquy. |
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Term
| physical examination findings associated with atelectasis |
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Definition
i. Percussion: Dull-over airless area
ii. Trachea: may be shifted toward involved side
iii. Breath Sounds: usually absent when bronchial plug persists. Exceptions include right upper lob atelectasis where adjacent tracheal sounds may be transmitted
iv. Adventitious sounds: none
v. Tactile Fremitus and transmitted voice sounds: usually absent when bronchial plug persists-in exceptions may be increased (right upper atelectasis). |
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Term
| physical examination findings associated with pleural effusion |
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Definition
i. Percussion: Dull to flat over the fluid
ii. Trachea: shifted toward opposite side in a large effusion
iii. Breath Sounds: decreased to absent but bronchial may be heard near top of large effusion
iv. Adventitious sounds: none-except possible pleural rub
v. Tactile Fremitus and transmitted voice sounds: decreased to absent, but may be increased toward the top of a large effusion |
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Term
| physical examination findings associated with Pneumothorax |
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Definition
i. Percussion: Hyperresonant or typanitic over pleural air
ii. Trachea: shifted toward opposite side in a large pneumo
iii. Breath Sounds: decreased to absent over pleural air
iv. Adventitious sounds: none-except possible pleural rub
v. Tactile Fremitus and transmitted voice sounds: decreased to absent over pleural air |
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Term
| physical examination findings associated with COPD |
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Definition
i. Percussion: Diffusely Hyperresonant
ii. Trachea: midline
iii. Breath Sounds: decreased to absent
iv. Adventitious sounds: none (or the crackles, wheezes, and rhonchi of associated bronchitis)
v. Tactile Fremitus and transmitted voice sounds: decreased |
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Term
| physical examination findings associated with Asthma |
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Definition
i. Percussion: Resonant to diffusely Hyperresonant
ii. Trachea: midline
iii. Breath Sounds: often obscured by wheezes
iv. Adventitious sounds: wheezes, possibly crackles
v. Tactile Fremitus and transmitted voice sounds: decreased |
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Term
| Funnel Chest(depression in lower portion of sternum) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Increased anteroposterior diamter |
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Term
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Definition
| Sternum displaced anteriorly |
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Term
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Definition
| multiple rib fx which may lead to paradoxical movements of chest |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal spinal curvatures and vertebral rotation deform chest |
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Term
| thorax is wider than it is deep |
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Definition
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Term
| Breath Sounds in Pneumonia |
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Definition
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Term
| Transmitted voice sounds in Pneumonia |
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Definition
| spoken words louder, clearer |
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Term
| Tactile Fremitus in Pneumonia |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a vibratory feeling associated with aortic and pulmonic stenosis |
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Term
| what squatting does to venous return |
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Definition
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Term
| what standing does to venous return |
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Definition
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Term
| Where the Apical impulse (PMI) is located |
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Definition
| 5th interspace L mid-clavicular line |
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Term
| what valsalva does to murmur of MVP and HCM |
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Definition
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Term
| what valsalva does to AS murmur |
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Definition
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Term
| Where Aortic valve is heard during auscultation |
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Definition
| RT 2nd interspace close to sternum |
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Term
| Where Pulmonic valve is heard during auscultation |
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Definition
| LT 2nd interspace close to sternum |
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Term
| Where tricuspid valve is heard during auscultation |
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Definition
| 4th interspace left lower sternal border |
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Term
| Where mitral valve is heard during auscultation |
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Definition
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Term
| The murmur best heard in the Left Lateral Decubitus |
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Definition
| diastolic murmur of mitral stenosis |
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Term
| Representation of S1 Sound |
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Definition
| closing of mitral and tricuspid valves |
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Term
| Representation of S2 Sound |
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Definition
| closing of aortic and pulmonic valves |
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Term
| Representation of S3 Sound |
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Definition
Ventricular Gallop of CHF;Kentucky
Occurs right after S2 |
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Term
| Representation of S4 Sound |
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Definition
| atrial gallop; Tennessee; occurs at the end of Diastole right before S1 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Loud with palpable thrill |
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Term
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Definition
| very loud, thrill, may be heard with scope partially off the chest |
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Term
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Definition
| very loud, thrill, heard with scope completely off the chest |
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Term
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Definition
Alternating amplitude of palpated radial/femoral pulse
Present in LV failure |
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Term
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Definition
o Pulse becomes weaker with inspiration & stronger with expiration
o Present in cardiac tamponade, constrictive pericarditis, & emphysema |
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Term
| Where Dependent edema appears when sitting |
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Definition
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Term
| Where Dependent edema appears when bedridden |
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Definition
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Term
| causes of dependent edema |
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Definition
| CHF; hyperalbuminemia; positional |
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Term
| How the abdomen is divided |
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Definition
RUQ
LUQ
RLQ
LLQ
Epigastric
Periumbilical
Suprapubic |
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Term
| What an adequate exam needs |
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Definition
good light
relaxed patient
full exposure
empty bladder
warm hands |
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Term
| What is looked for during inspection of abdominal skin |
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Definition
| scars, striae, vessels, rashes, lesion |
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Term
| what is looked for during inspection of abdominal exam |
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Definition
skin
umbilicus
hernias
contour
Aortic pulsation |
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Term
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Definition
Inspection
Auscultation
Percussion
Palpation |
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Term
| Amount of time to listen to each quadrant during auscultation (if BS not heard) |
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Definition
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Term
| what hyperactive BS may indicate |
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Definition
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Term
| what absent BS may indicate |
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Definition
| peristalsis has stopped and there is a blockage |
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Term
| what dullness in both flanks may indicate |
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Definition
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Term
| sound over masses and solid organs |
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Definition
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Term
| where palpations should start |
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Definition
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Term
| what light palpations are used to identify |
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Definition
| tenderness, masses, guarding |
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Term
| what deep palpations are used to identify |
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Definition
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Term
| what the rebound palpation looks for |
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Definition
| inflammation (peritonitis) |
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Term
| the progression of purcussion of the liver |
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Definition
From RLQ superior(from areas of tympani to dullness)
From Nipple inferior (from tympani to dullness) |
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Term
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Definition
| 6-12 cm in mid-clavicular line |
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Term
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Definition
| pain over gallbladder as you push on RUQ while patient inspires |
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Term
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Definition
| 1/3-1/2 between rt ASIS and and Umbilicus |
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Term
| Pain on RT side as you push then let up on LT side |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| RLQ pain as flex RT hip and internally rotate |
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