Term
| What percent of the body's weight does blood represent? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of blood? |
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Definition
| Transport gases, nutrients, hormones, heat…throughout the body |
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Term
| What is the composition of blood? |
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Definition
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Term
| What percent of blood volume does Plasma/Serum represent? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Liquid part of blood with clotting factors still present
Fibrinogen still present
Blood gets added to an anticoagulant (prevents clotting). Then gets centrifuged so cells are at bottom and clear liquid on top. |
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Term
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Definition
Liquid part of blood with no clotting factors present
Blood clots and clear liquid portion is removed
Slightly less total protein than plasma |
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Term
| What does a Chemistry Panel do? |
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Definition
| It helps see how your body is doing |
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Term
| What blood cell is the heaviest and most numerous? |
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Definition
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Term
| Components of Plasma and Serum: |
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Definition
Water ~ 92%
Protein ~ 7%
Inorganics (electrolytes)
Vitamins
Lipids |
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Term
| Plasma and Serum protein breakdown: |
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Definition
Albumin – 55%
Globulins – 38% (includes antibodies)
Fibrinogen – 7% |
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Term
| Most numerous blood cell, carry O2 |
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Definition
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Term
| Are RBCs nucleated in mammals? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are RBCs nucleated in reptiles, amphibians, and birds? |
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Definition
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Term
| Another name for White Blood Cells (WBC)? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many kinds of Leukocytes are there and what are they called? |
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Definition
| Two types – Granulocytes and Agranulocytes |
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Term
| How many total types of WBC are there? |
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Definition
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Term
| What makes Granulocytes different from Agranulocytes? |
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Definition
| They have granules in their cytoplasm |
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Term
| What are the three kinds of Granulocytes? |
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Definition
| Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils |
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Term
| This WBC is the most common in mammals at ~60% of total WBC and it's granules do not stain |
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Definition
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Term
| This WBC makes up ~3% of total WBC and it's granules stain reddish or pink |
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Definition
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Term
| This WBC is rare and only makes up ~1% of total WBCand it's granules stain blue or purple |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Granulocyte is associated with acute infections, especially bacterial? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Granulocyte is associated with parasitic infections and allergic reactions? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Granulocyte is known as mast cells in tissues? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are Neutrophils called in birds? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two types of Agranulocyte? |
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Definition
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Term
| This WBC is the second most common in mammals at ~30% of total WBC and its cytoplasm stains blue |
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Definition
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Term
| This WBC is the largest and makes up ~5% of total WBC |
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Definition
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Term
| What are Monocytes called outside of the blood? |
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Definition
| Macrophages or Phagocytic |
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Term
| Which WBC eats things like infections? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Another name for platelets-
They are fragments of large cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Where does Hematopoiesis occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two types of Hematopoiesis? |
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Definition
Erythropoiesis
Leucopoiesis |
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Term
| What does Erythropoiesis do? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does Leucopoiesis do? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the process for Hematopoiesis? |
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Definition
| Nucleus gets expelled from RBC right before they enter the bloodstream |
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Term
| What does the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS) do? |
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Definition
Macrophages in kidney, liver, spleen and lymph nodes recognize old, worn RBCs and take them from circulation
Hb may be partly recycled – especially iron
Leftovers become bilirubin (yellow) |
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Term
| Blockage of bile ducts causes an overload of bilirubin and can lead to what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is MPS also known as? |
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Definition
| Reticuloendothelial System (RES) |
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Term
| What is normal pH of blood? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Carbonic Anhydrase and what does it do? |
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Definition
Enzyme buffer system found in RBCs, respiratory system and renal system
Helps maintain pH |
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Term
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Definition
| Complete blood count (RBC, WBC, Platelets) |
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Term
| Definition of Differential |
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Definition
| Determination of each WBC type as % of total WBC |
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Term
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Definition
Packed cell volume or hematocrit (Hct)
Percentage of total blood volume made up of cells (mostly RBCs) |
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Term
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Definition
| Thin whitish line of WBCs between plasma and RBC in centrifuged blood |
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Term
| Definition of Serum Chemistries |
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Definition
“Chem panel”
Measures various electrolytes and enzymes in serum |
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Term
| Definition of “-philia” and “-cytosis” |
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Definition
Suffixes referring to increased number of cells
E.g. neutrophilia, lymphocytosis |
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Term
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Definition
Suffix referring to decreased number of cells
E.g. neutropenia |
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Term
| Definition of Polycythemia in regards to RBC |
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Definition
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Term
| Definition of Anemia in regards to RBC |
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Definition
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Term
| Definition of Rouleaux in regards to RBC |
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Definition
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Term
| Definition of Anisocytosis in regards to RBC |
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Definition
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Term
| Definition of Polychromasia in regards to RBC |
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Definition
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Term
| Definition of MCH in regards to RBC |
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Definition
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Term
| Definition of MCV in regards to RBC |
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Definition
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Term
| What species is Rouleaux most common in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What species has the biggest RBC? |
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Definition
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Term
| What species has the smallest RBC? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 6 steps of repair after a blood vessel gets damaged? |
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Definition
Platelets contact damaged surface
Platelets change shape and become sticky; release agents from granules to attract more platelets
Loose platelet plug being formed
Plug gets strengthened by a fibrin meshwork; clot formed and no more bleeding
Clot retracts; decrease in size and breaks down fibrin
Damaged vessel repaired; new CT and endothelial cells [line blood vessels] repair it |
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Term
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Definition
When blood vessels are damaged, cells secrete chemicals that attract platelets
to stick together to plug hole |
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Term
| What do Anticoagulants do? |
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Definition
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Term
| When do you use anticoagulants? |
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Definition
In tubes for blood draw (Need plasma or CBC)
In vivo (Intravascular coagulopathies or
Cardiovascular disease (esp. humans)) |
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Term
| How do Coumarins (an anticoagulent) work? |
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Definition
| Antagonize vitamin K so many other factors not synthesized in the liver |
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Term
| What can happen if an animal is subjected to sweet clover poisoning? |
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Definition
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Term
| Besides blood thinners and anticoagulents, what else is Coumarins in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the most common anticoagulants? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do Ca++ chelators (anticoagulants) work? |
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Definition
Binds calcium so unavailable for clotting
Binds any di- and trivalent cation |
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Term
| How does Heparin (an anticoagulant) work? |
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Definition
| Inactivates several factors in blood and because it is a natural product it breaks down over time |
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Term
| What can Heparin (an anticoagulant) be used for? |
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Definition
Can be used for CBC
Often used to harvest plasma for tests (interferes less) |
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Term
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Definition
| A nucleated, immature RBC |
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Term
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Definition
| Decreases in RBC or Hb (hemoglobin) |
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