Term
| Pulmonary versus Systemic circuits |
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Definition
Pulmonary circuit goes to/through lungs
Systemic circuit goes to/through rest of body |
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Term
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Definition
| 2 layers: Fibrous pericardium (dense connective tissue) and serous pericardium (2 layers, parietal and visceral, like all serous membranes) |
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Term
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Definition
| Visceral layer of the serous pericardium |
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Term
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Definition
| Consists of cardiac muscle, STRIATED LIKE SKELETAL MUSCLE |
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Term
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Definition
| Endothelium resting on a layer of connective tissue, lines internal walls of heart, underneath this is heart chamber |
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Term
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Definition
| Fibrous layer of pericardium, parietal serous layer of pericardium, pericardial cavity, epicardium, myocardium, endocarium, heart chamber |
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Term
| What are the superior chambers of the heart? The inferior chambers? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the layers that divide the chambers of the heart called? |
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Definition
| The interventricular and interatrial septum |
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Term
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Definition
| Groove that separates atria from ventricles, left and right coronary arteries lie in this |
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Term
| Right atrium receives blood from what circuit |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Line inside anterior of right atrium |
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Term
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Definition
| Smooth muscular ridge in right atrium that is landmark for where veins enter right atrium |
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Term
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Definition
| Depression in interatrial septum |
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Term
| Right ventricle receives blood from what through what |
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Definition
| Blood from right atrium through tricuspid valve |
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Term
| What does the right ventricle do |
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Definition
| Pump blood into the pulmonary circuit |
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Term
| What is the name of the valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk |
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Definition
| Pulmonary semilunar valve |
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Term
| Internal walls of ventricles |
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Definition
| Trabeculae carneae, Papillary muscles, Chordae tendineae |
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Term
| Left atrium receives what kind of blood from where |
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Definition
| Oxygenated blood from pulmonary circuit |
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Term
| Name of the valve between left atrium and left ventricle |
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Definition
| left atrioventricular valve |
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Term
| Name of valve between left ventricle and pulmonary circuit |
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Definition
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Term
| What are heart valves made of |
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Definition
| Endocardium with connective tissue core |
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Term
| What is the function of the atrioventricular valves? |
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Definition
| Prevents blood from flowing back into the atria after the atria has contracted and sent blood into ventricle |
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Term
| What is the function of the semilunar valves? |
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Definition
| When the ventricle contracts, it sends blood into the pulmonary/systemic circuits, and the valve prevents blood from flowing backwards into the ventricle |
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Term
| Lub-dub: what makes which sounds |
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Definition
| Lub=AV valves closing, dub=semilunar valves closing |
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Term
| Do atria and ventricles contract separately or together? |
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Definition
| Atria contract together, ventricles contract together, but atria do not contract with ventricles |
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Term
| Trace pathway of blood through heart, starting from SVC/IVC onwards |
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Definition
| SVC/IVC to right atrium, through tricuspid valve to right ventricle, through pulmonary semilunar valve to pulmonary trunk, to lungs, to pulmonary veins, to left atria, through mitral valve to left ventricle, through aortic semilunar valve to the aorta, to the rest of the body, back to SVC/IVC |
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Term
| Do atria or ventricles have thick walls? |
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Definition
| Atria have thin walls, ventricles have thick walls |
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Term
| Which is thicker-left or right ventricle, and why? |
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Definition
| Left ventricle is 3 times thicker because systemic circuit is so much larger than pulmonary circuit |
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Term
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Definition
Systole=contraction of heart chamber
Diastole=expansion of heart chamber |
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Term
| Vagus nerve decreases or increases heart rate? Thus, is sympathetic or parasympathetic? |
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Definition
| Decreases, thus parasympathetic |
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Term
| What arteries supply blood to heart? Where do they come from? Describe the branches. |
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Definition
| Coronary arteries from the aorta. Left and Right Coronary Arteries, first branches off the aorta; Left coronary artery branches, creating the Left Anterior Descending (LAD) artery and the circumflex artery. |
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Term
| What are the kind of nerves that go to the heart? |
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Definition
| Vagus nerve (parasympathetic) and some sympathetic fibers and visceral sensory fibers |
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Term
| What does the SA node do? What happens then? |
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Definition
| Generates impulses which then go to the AV node and pause for 1 second |
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Term
| What does the AV bundle connect? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do bundle branches do? |
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Definition
| Conduct nerve impulses through interventricular system |
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Term
| What do Purkinje fibers do? |
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Definition
| Stimulate contraction of both ventricles |
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