Carry blood away from the heart

most arteries carry blood high in oxygen except for the pulmonary arteries

Pulmonary arteries are deoxygenated

Pulmoary veins are oxygenated 

carry blood low in oxygen

except

for the pulmonary veins

pulmonary veins oxygenated blood

pulmonary arteries deoxygenated blood

the chambers on the right side of the heart

right atrium

right ventricle

the chambers on the left side of the heart

left atrium

left ventricle

to all the peripheral organs and tissues of the body

The blood is high in oxygen and is pumped from the left side of the heart into the aorta, and then to the smaller systemic arteries

outer portion of the pericardium it is a tough, dense connective tissue

it is attached to the diaphragm and the base of the great vessels

a inner layer that is a thin, double-layered serous membrane

it has two layers the

1)paretal layer that lines the inner surface of the fibrous pericardium and

2) a visceral layer of serous pericardium that covers the outsided of the heart. 

a thin space between the parietal and visceral layers of the serous pericrdium

serous fluid is secreted in this area to lubricate and facilitate the continuous movement of the heart when it beats

the middle layer of the heart wall and is composed of cardiac muscle tissue.

The myocardial layer is where myocardial infractions (heart attacks) occur.

internal surface of the heart and the external surfaces of the heart valves are covered by endocardium.

Composed of a simple squamous epithelum, called an endothelium, and a layer of areolar connective tissue

separates the atria and ventricles

anchors heart valves

provides electrical insulation between atria and ventricles

provides rigid framework for the attachment of cardiac muscle tissue

superior vena cava

inferior vena cave

coronary sinus

also called the tricuspid valve because it has three triangular cusps

this valve is forced closed when the right ventricle begins to contract, preventing blood from flowing back into the right atrum

forms a thick wall between the right and left

ventricles

also called the bicuspid valve

this valve is also sometimes called the mitral valve, because the two triangular cusps resemble a miter

Oxygenated blood flows from the left atrium, through the left atrioventricular opening when the valve is open, into the left ventricle

thicker wall than the right ventricle

forces oxygenated blood that has returned to the heart from the lungs into the aorta and  then through the entire systemic circulation

allow the coronary arteries to shunt a tiny amount of blood from one artery to another.

EX:  if a branch of the left coronary artery becomes blocked, the right coronary artery cannot shunt enough blood to the part of the heart supplied by this branch.  As a result that part of the heart will die due to lack of blood supply

great cardiac vein

middle cardiac vein

small cardiac vein

Great cardiac vein

posterior cardiac vein

middle cardiac vein

small cardiac vein

the heartbeat is initiated by the specialized cardiac muscle cells of the sinoartial node

acts as the pacemaker

the contraction of the heart chamber

the myocardium forces blood either into another chamber or into a blood vessel.

the relaxation phase of a heart chamber

the myocardium of each chamber relaxes, and the chamber fills with blood

away from the heart

Epicardium (visceral pericardium)

Myocardium (thick layer of cardiac muscle)

Endocardium (thin endothelium and areolar connective tissue)

are receiving chambers of the heart

blood enters right atria from superior and inferior venae cavae and coronary sinus

blood enters left atria from pulmonary veins

Pulmonary trunk, which splits into right and left pulmonary arteries

Ascending aorta - three branches

brachiocephalic

left common carotid

subclavian arteries

Superior and inferior vena cava

Right and left pulmonary veins

ventricles are  the discharging chambers of the heart

right ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary trunk

Left ventricle pumps blood into the aorta