Term
| carotid triangle location |
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Definition
| scm, post. digastric, sup. omohyoid |
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Term
| carotid triangle contents |
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Definition
| carotid artery, internal jug, hypoglossal nerve, vagus nerve, paravertebral chain |
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Term
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Definition
| digastric muscle bounds. contains submandibular glands |
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Term
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Definition
| ant. digastric belly, hyoid, midline |
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Term
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Definition
| a subdivision of carotid - scm, omohyoid superior belly, neck midline. approach for trachea, esophagus, thyroid |
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Term
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Definition
scm, clavicle, trapezius
Contains accessory nerve, subclavian a. and n., brachial plexus, cervical lymph nodes, and subclavian artery part 3 (distal to anterior scalene part). |
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Term
| cervical triangle subdivisions |
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Definition
| omoclavicular ("omo" refers to p. omohyoid) and occipital |
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Term
| at what level does the carotid artery bifurcate? |
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Definition
| at the level of the superior margin of the thyroid cartilage |
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Term
| which nerves pass through the orbit? |
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Definition
CN II, III, IV,
V1: nasociliary, facial, lacrimal
V2: infraorbital, zygomatic NERVE
VI
VII: (pterygopalatine ganglion -> zygomatic nerve -> lacrimal nerve) |
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Term
| which a. and v. pierce CN II? |
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Definition
| the central retinal a. and v. |
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Term
| what is the function of the ciliary body, besides the functions of the ciliary muscle |
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Definition
anterior: creates aqueous humor
posterior: contributes to vitreous humor. |
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Term
| what is the name of the bind spot? Which ocular layers is this missing? |
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Definition
| the optic disc is missing choroid and retinal layers |
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Term
| what might a blue sclear indicate? |
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Definition
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Term
| how might increased intracranial pressure be manifested in an eye exam? |
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Definition
| swollen optic disc - b/c venous blockage leads to retinal edema. |
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Term
| what is the name of the central, cone-containing portion of the retina? |
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Definition
| macula lutea (contains fovea centralis) |
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Term
| to what structure is the vitreous body attached posteriorly? |
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Definition
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Term
| which muscles are derived from pharyngeal arch I? |
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Definition
| muscles of mastication, mylohyoid, ant. digastric, tensor vali palatini, tensor tympani, |
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Term
| which muscles are derived from pharyngeal arch II? |
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Definition
| stapedius, stylohyoid, facial expression, posterior belly of digastric |
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Term
| which muscles are derived from pharyngeal arch III? |
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Definition
| stylopharyngeus muscle (CN IX) |
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Term
| which muscles are derived from pharyngeal arch IV? |
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Definition
| larynx, pharynx/larynx muscles (all CNX). Exceptions to pharyngeal muscles: stylopharyngeus (IX) Note: External pharyngeal constrictors, though part of arch IV, are innervated by the PLEXUS from X AND IX |
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Term
what i are the symptoms of digeorge's syndrome?
Causes? |
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Definition
thymic aplasia, no parathyroid glands, thyroid hypoplasia, cardiac defects.
Causes are a 22q deletion or a teratogen, which results in 3rd + 4th pouches not differentiating. |
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Term
| what are the border structures for the pharyngeal divisions? |
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Definition
| soft palate, hyoid bone, inf. border of cricoid cartilage |
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Term
| what is the arterial supply of the ear? |
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Definition
| external carotid and its branch, the posterior auricular |
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Term
| which CN's innervate external ear? |
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Definition
Outer ear: great auricular, lesser occipital (from plexus)
Tympanic skin: V3 (X, VII)
Inner tympanic: IX |
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Term
| what is the name of the oral cavity called when the mouth is open? |
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Definition
| rima (orifice of the mouth) |
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Term
| what is the name of the sulcus inferior to the nose? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the name for the opening to the throat from the oral cavity? |
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Definition
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Term
| which 1) branches and 2) specific nerves of CN V supply sensory fibers to the cheek? |
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Definition
1) V2, V3
2) buccal (V3), infraorbital (V2) |
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Term
| what is the pattern of teeth in deciduous, adult? |
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Definition
| 2-1-2 (deciduous), then 2-1-2-3 (adult) |
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Term
| where does the deep petrosal nerve run, and what does it carry? |
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Definition
| Runs from carotid plexus -> pterygopalatine ganglion, carrying sympathetic fibers |
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Term
| what is the name for the blind pouch between the sulcus terminalis and the median sulcus? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the name of the veins surrounding the frenulum? |
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Definition
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Term
| which nerve gives GSA's to the floor of the mouth? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the product of the 4 pharyngeal pouches ? |
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Definition
1) middle ear/auditory tube
2) palatine tonsils
3)inferior parathyroid, thymus (which drags inferior parat. down)
4) superior parathyroid, thyroid. |
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Term
| from what structure does the thyroid arise? |
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Definition
| from pharyngeal pouch 4; it is a diverticulum of pharyngeal endoderm. |
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Term
| what is the CT connecting the nasopharynx to the cranium? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the level at which the cricoid/ trachea junction takes place? |
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Definition
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Term
| where can the recurrent laryngeal nerve (inferior laryngeal) be found inferior to the thyroid? |
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Definition
| in the groove between the esophagus and trachea |
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Term
| which arteries can provide anastomotic flow in the event of a carotid one-sided block? |
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Definition
| thyoid (superior and inferior?) |
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Term
| describe the autonomic innervation of the thyroid gland |
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Definition
| sympathetics from middle and superior cervical ganglia. NO parasympathetics. |
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Term
which muscles of the strap are innervated by CN VII?
What are MOST strap muscles innervated by? |
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Definition
1) stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric
2) ansa cervicalis |
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Term
what are the nerves of the
1) posterior ramus of the Cerv. plexus
2) anterior ramus "" |
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Definition
1) greater occipital (over triangle), suboccipital (in triangle)
2) great auricular, lesser occipital, transverse cervical, supraclavicular |
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Term
| name of foramen connecting the lateral ventricles to the 3rd ventricle |
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Definition
| foramen of munro (interventricular) |
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Term
| name of foramen connecting 3rd and 4th ventricles |
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Definition
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Term
| name of capillaries that make CSF |
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Definition
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Term
| name of arachnoid "tufts" that secrete CSF into the sup. sagittal sinus |
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Definition
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Term
| the name of the passageway between the arachnoid and ventricles |
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Definition
| foramina of luschka and magendie (two luschka, lateral to magendie) |
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Term
| what is the conus elasticus? |
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Definition
| Connects the superior margin of the cricoid cartilage with the vocal fold (because of the anteroinferior slope of the cricoid cartilage, this membrane is longer in the anterior aspect). |
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Term
| what is the quadrangular membrane? |
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Definition
| attaches to the epiglottis, vestibular folds, aryoepiglottic fold |
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Term
| what is the space between the vocal folds called? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what are the five cartilages of the nose? |
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Definition
| septal, lateral, alar (last two groups are paired) |
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