Term
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Definition
| It is a broad statement about an idea or event. It is reached by using what you learn from reading and apply what you already know. |
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| It is the basic law of our nation |
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| When the convention finally opened, where did the delegates meet? |
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| Pennsylvania State House which later became known as Indpenedance Hall |
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Definition
| In Jan 1787, he led a mob of farmers to take over a Massachuttes arsanal. |
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| What rebellion led people to think that the national government could not keep order to protect the people. |
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| Who was sent to stop Shay's rebellion? |
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Definition
| the government sent soldiers |
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| Who argued that the country needed a stronger national government? |
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Definition
| James Madison of Virginia |
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| Every state had a ______ but there was no national leader. |
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Definition
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| Who wanted to keep the articles as they were because America had fought in a war because they did not want a strong national government? |
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Definition
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| Why did some people want a stronger national government? |
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Definition
| Because there was no single national leader, to pass any law 9 states had to agree, and there was no national court system to help settle disputes. |
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| Who was chosen to be President of Constitutional Convention? |
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Definition
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| Were the discussion in the Constitutional Convention began were they open or private? |
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Definition
| They were private. Windows were covered and guards were at the door. |
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| Who was from Virgina that asked the delegates to do away with the Articles of Confederation and write a new plan of government? |
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Definition
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| Who was decided to share power in the federal system? |
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Definition
| National and state governments would share power |
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| who would have power over matters that affected the nation as a whole? |
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| What became the supreme law of the land? |
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Definition
| It is where people choose represenatives to run the government |
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| What was the Virginia plan? |
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Definition
| Congress would have 2 parts or houses. |
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| In the Virginia Plan how many representatives would states have in the houses? |
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Definition
| Number would be based on that states population. States with more people would have more votes in Congrss. THis plan favored large states such as Virigina, Massachutes, and Pennsylvania |
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| Who thought of the Jersey Plan? |
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Definition
| William Paterson of New Jersey |
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| Why didn't some people like the Jersey plan? |
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Definition
| Because small states worried that the plan would give large states control of congress |
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| What was the New Jersey Plan? |
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Definition
| Congress would have 1 house and each state would be equally represented. Small states would have the same number of representatives as large states |
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Definition
| Where each side would give up something they wanted. |
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| What was the Connecticut Compromise? |
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Definition
| Based on idea of 2 house congress. In one house, representation would be based on population of the state, in the other house, representation would be equally representated |
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| In the Connecticut compromise which house could submit a bill? |
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Definition
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| Which house could submit a tax bill? |
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Definition
| Only the house based on representation |
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| What was the Great Compromise? |
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Definition
| Congress would be 2 houses. 1 based on population, 1 based on a equal number. Only the house based on population could propose a tax bill |
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Term
| How did delegates settle the issue of representation in Congress? |
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Definition
| They compromised. 1 house would be based on population, the other house would have an equal number of representatives from each state |
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Term
| Who wanted to count enslaved persons as part of their population |
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Definition
| Southern states because they had the greatest number of enslaved persons |
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Term
| Who did not want slaves to be counted for representation? |
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Definition
| Northern states. They did not want them counted because they were not allowed to vote and enslaved people did not have any other rights of citizenship. |
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Term
| What was the compromise on slavery representation? |
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Definition
| The delegates agreed to count three-fifths of the total number of slaves in each state toward the number of representatives. |
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Term
| Who stated that slavery was "the curse of heaven on the states where it prevailed" |
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Definition
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| Why were delegates worried if congress outlawed slavery? |
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Definition
| The delgates were worried the southern states would not approve the constitution |
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| What did the delgates decide about slavery? |
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Definition
| Their compromise was that Congress could not stop states from importing enslaved people from other countries before 1808. |
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Term
| What happened with the slave trade in 1808? |
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Definition
| Congress banned the slave trade with other countries, but enslaved people could still be bought and sold within the US |
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Term
| What issue was settled when delegates agreed to the three-fifths compromise? |
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Definition
| The issue over whether or not enslaved people would count as population for reprsentation in congress. |
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| What resolved many issues over representation in Congress? |
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Definition
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Term
| How was a new plan of government developed at the Constitituional Convention? |
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Definition
| the Articles of Confederation were thrown out and a new plan was written |
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Term
| How are "federal System" and "repulic" related? |
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Definition
| the federal system is the government and the republic is the that people choose representatives to run the government |
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Term
| How did the makers of the constitution tr to fix some of the problems with the Articles of Confederation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the steps in reaching a compromise? |
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Definition
1. Identify problem
2. have both sides explain what they want
3. Think of possible compromises. Choose one that both sides agree upon
4. Try the compromise. |
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| What is the preamble of the constition? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was chosen to write the preamble? |
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Definition
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| WHat was the purpose of the constitution? |
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Definition
| To explain the basic functions of the US government |
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| What braches does the Constitution divide the federal government into? |
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Definition
| Legislative Branch, Executive Branch, the Judicial Branch |
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Term
| What is seperation of power? |
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Definition
| To keep one branch from controlling the government. They wanted to create a government with limited powers |
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| Article 1 of the constitution explains what? |
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Definition
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| What is the legislative branch? |
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Definition
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| What powers were given to Congress (legislative branch) |
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Definition
| Raising an army and navy, delcaring war, coining and printing money, make laws that control commerence (trade) |
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| How many houses was Congress under the consititution? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the 2 houses in Congress? |
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Definition
House of Representatives
SEnate |
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Term
| What had to happen in order for a bill to become a law? |
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Definition
| A majority in each house had to vote for it (house of representatives and Senate) |
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Term
| What were citizens given the power to do? |
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Definition
| vote for member of House of Representatives |
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Term
| Who would chose members of the senate? |
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Definition
| They would be chosen by their state legislatures |
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Term
| Today, who votes for both house of representatives and Senate? |
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Definition
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Term
| What would the total number of representatives from each state depend upon? |
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Definition
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Term
| Today, what is the total number of representatives from the House of representatives limited too? |
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Definition
| 435 (this number is divided up between all states based on each states population) |
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Term
| How many senators (for the Senate) does each state have? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Article 1 of the Constitution what is the term limit for the House of Representatives? |
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Definition
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| Under Article 1, what is the term limit for Senators (Senate) |
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Definition
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| What article of the consititon says power to enforce laws is given to the Executive branch? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the group of electors who vote for the President called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who votes for the President? |
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Definition
| Citizens vote for electors, who then vote for the president |
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Term
| How old does a person have to be to be elected president and where did they have to be born? |
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Definition
| 35 years old and born in the United States |
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Term
| How long must have the president lived in the US before becoming president? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the term limit for President? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHat were the presidents powers? |
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Definition
| veto or reject bills passed by Congress, but Congress could override a veto with a 2/3 vote |
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Term
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Definition
| When the president rejects a bill |
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Term
| What can congress do if a president vetos their bill? |
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Definition
| If 2/3 of Congress votes to accept the bill, the bill still becomes law |
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Term
| Who is commander in chief of military? |
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Definition
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| What is the PResidents main power? |
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Definition
| To take care that the laws be faithfully executed |
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Definition
| It is when congress accuses the president of crimes. If found guilty, then the president could be removed from office |
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| Why were the delgates careful to preserve the seperation of power? |
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Definition
| to keep one branch from controlling the government |
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Term
| What branch is covered under Article III of the constitution? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Judical branch? |
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Definition
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Term
| who decides whether laws work fairly? |
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Definition
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Term
| What would the judical branch deal with? |
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Definition
| decide cases that dealt with the Constitution, treaties, and national laws. They would also decide cases between states and citizens of different states |
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Term
| What is the highest court in the nation? |
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Definition
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| What court heads the judicial branch? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who would nominate the supreme court justices (or judges)? |
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Definition
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| Who would vote whether to approve the nominations for the supreme court judges |
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Definition
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| What is the term for supreme court justices or judges? |
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Definition
| Life -- They could make decisions without worrying about losing their jobs |
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| How many supreme court judges were there at the beginning and how many are there now. |
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Definition
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| Who has the power to strike down any law that goes against the constitituion? |
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Definition
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| What is the only way that Congress can restore a law struck down by the supreme court? |
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Definition
| congress can only change the constitution to restore a law. |
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Term
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Definition
| It is a change to the constitution |
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Term
| How can amendments be proposed? |
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Definition
| By a 2/3 vote in Congress or by a national convention called for by 2/3 of the states and approved by Congress |
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Term
| How many states must approve an amendent in order for it to pass? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the supreme court limit the power of congress? |
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Definition
| The supreme court can strike down any law that goes against the constitution |
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Term
| What is the seperation of powers? |
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Definition
| Each branch of government is given different powers to keep one branch from controlling the government |
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| How many delegates did not sign the constitution at the convention? |
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Definition
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| Article VII said how many states had to ratify the constituion before it became law? |
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Definition
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Term
| What would adding a bill of rights to the Constituion do? |
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Definition
| It would make more delegates willing to sign the constitition. |
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Term
| What were citizens who favored the constitituion called? |
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Definition
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| What were the people who disagreed with federalists called? |
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Definition
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| What helped change the anti-federalists mind about approving the constitition? |
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Definition
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| What was the first state to ratify the constitituion? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the last state to ratify the constitution? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was added to the constitituion to protec the rights of the people? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the first amendment give the right to do? |
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Definition
| Freedom to follow any religion or none at all |
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Term
| What does the 2nd amendment do? |
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Definition
| Gives people the right to have weapons |
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Term
| What does the third amendment do? |
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Definition
| Government cannot make people have soldiers in their house |
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| What does the fourth amendment do? |
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Definition
| protects people against unfair searches |
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| What do the fifth through eight amendments deal with? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the due process of law? |
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Definition
| People have the right to a fair trial. they have the right to speak to a lawyer and do not have to speak against themselves |
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| What is the ninth amendment? |
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Definition
| People have other rights not listed in the constitution |
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Term
| What is the tenth amendment? |
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Definition
| government can only do the things listed in the constitution |
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Definition
| All other authority, not in constitution, belongs to the states or to the people |
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| What does the bill of rights protects? |
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Definition
| It protects the people in the minority. The majority cannot take away their rights |
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| Why is the bill of rights important? |
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Definition
| It protects the rights of people. |
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| Who became the nations first president in 1789? |
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Definition
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| Who was the first vice-president? |
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Definition
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| What did George Washington set up to advise him? |
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Definition
| Cabinet -- State Department, treasury department, war department |
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Term
| What is a group that tries to elect officials who will support it's policies? |
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Definition
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| Who wanted a stronger central government? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who wanted less central government? |
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Definition
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Term
| When some wanted stronger government and some wanted less central government what was created? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where was the federal government in the beginning and where did it soon move to? |
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Definition
| Philadelphia and it moved to Washington D.C. |
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Term
| How many terms did George Washington serve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happened as a result of George Washington only serving two terms? |
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Definition
| He set the example for future presidents. Most only held 2 terms |
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Term
| Who became the 2nd president? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is it necessary for a president to have a cabinet? |
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Definition
| Because the president doesn't have all the answers. He needs these advisors to give him information to help him make decisions |
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Term
| who was the first President to live in the White House? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the average number of people who live in an area? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is checks and balances? |
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Definition
| It is a system that keeps any one branch from becoming too powerful or misuing it's authority |
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Definition
| It is an alliance that works to reach common goals |
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Term
| Who can rule a presidents actions are unconstitutional? |
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Definition
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| Who nominates supreme court justices? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who makes up the executive branch? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHo makes up the legislative branch? |
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Definition
| Congress (divided into house of representatives and senate) |
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Term
| Who can veto a bill passed by congress? |
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Definition
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| Who can override a presidents veto? |
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Definition
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| Who carries out or enforces laws? |
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Definition
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| Who manages the government? (what branch) |
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Definition
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| Who passes taxes and approves treaties? |
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Definition
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| Who decides whether or not laws are constitutional> |
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Definition
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| What are some responsibilities of state government? |
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Definition
| build and manage highways, parks, public schools, and state colleges and universities |
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Term
| What keeps the federal government from favoring one state over another? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some things that a state cannot do? |
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Definition
| Print money, raise armies or make treaties with other countries |
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Term
| What are some shared powers of the state and national government? |
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Definition
| collect taxes, set up courts, establish banks, borrow money, make laws for public welfare |
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| How many levels of government are there in the US |
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Definition
| 3 levels: national government, state government, local government |
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| What do many local governments have? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is our system of government based upon? |
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Definition
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| What is popular sovereignty? |
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Definition
| The government gets it's power from the people |
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Term
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Definition
| Where people rule and are free to make choices about their lives |
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Term
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Definition
| What people want from their government |
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Definition
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| Who did not have suffrage at the beginning? |
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Definition
| Woman did not have the right to vote |
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Term
| What amendment gave women the right to vote |
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Definition
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Term
| What amendment lowered the voting age from 21 years old to 18 years old? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is voting an important responsibility of citizens? |
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Definition
| It is their right. If voters do not like laws they can elect leaders who they think will change the laws |
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Definition
| Qualities that add to a healthy democracy |
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| What are some responsbilities of a citizen? |
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Definition
| To obey laws, serve on juries, pay taes, register for selective service. |
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| Who are automatically citizens of the US? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a way to ensure that elected officials regularly change? |
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Definition
| Term limits. Amendment passed that president can only serve 2 terms |
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Term
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Definition
| Immigrants to the US can become citizens through this process |
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Term
| How old must a person be who is applying for citizenshipo? |
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Definition
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Term
| How long must a person have lived in US before becoming a citizen? |
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Definition
| 5 years or 3 years if they are married to a US citizen |
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Term
| What must people pass in order to become a citizen? |
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Definition
| A test of US government and history, must be able to read and write English. Must take an oath promising their alliances |
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Term
| What is a government made up of representatives chosen by the people? |
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Definition
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| What is to accuse the president of crimes? |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is applying laws equally to every person? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is giving up some of what you want? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the right to a fair trial? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the idea that the government gets its power from the people? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who wrote the preamble to the constitituion? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the first amendment protect? |
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Definition
| The right of freedom of speech and religion |
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Term
| Who destroyed debt records? |
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Definition
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| What is the lawmaking branch of government? |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Who was a free African American who helped plan the nations capital? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who didn't think a PResident should hold power for life? |
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Definition
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Term
| When was the first time the US changed leaders? |
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Definition
| When John ADams was elected 2nd president |
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Term
| What is an alliance that works to reach a common goal? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is it called when people rule and are due to make choices about their lives? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is what people want from their government? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is having qualities that add to a healthy deomocracy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who must register for selective service when they turn 18 years old? |
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Definition
| Males (this is registering for a draft) |
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