Term
| 1st morning voided specimen is best for evaluating what? |
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Definition
PUC
- Protein
- USG (urine specific gravity)
- Culture |
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Term
| 24 hour urine is best for evaluating what? |
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Definition
OMG
- Output
- Metabolites
- GFR |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 4.5-8.0 (usually more acidic 5.5-6.5) |
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Term
| what causes urine to be more acidic? |
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Definition
| protein and acidic fruits |
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Term
| what causes urine to be more basic: |
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Definition
| citrate foods increase pH |
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Term
| alkaline urine may indicate what pathologically: |
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Definition
- urea splitting organism with UTI
- staghorn calculi |
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Term
| acidic urine may mean what pahtologically? |
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Definition
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Term
| Normal urinary proteins inlcude: |
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Definition
ASP
- albumin
- serum globulins
- proteins secreted by the nephrons |
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Term
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Definition
30-150mg protein/day
early sign of renal disease |
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Term
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Definition
| - urinary excretion of > 150 mg protein/day (10-20mg/dL) |
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Term
| Trace protein on dipstick: |
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Definition
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Term
| 1+ proteinuria on dipstick: |
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Definition
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Term
| 2+ proteinuria on dipstick: |
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Definition
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Term
| 3+ Proteinuria on dipstick: |
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Definition
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Term
| 4+ proteinuria on dipstick: |
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Definition
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Term
| Ways to evaluate persistent Proteinuria: |
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Definition
24SPAM:
- 24 hour urine
- Spot urinary protein: Cr ratio
- Assessment of renal function
- Microscopic exam of sediment |
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Term
|
Definition
- DM
- Cushing's syndrome
- Liver disease
- Pancreatic disease
- Fanconi's syndrome |
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Term
| After finding blood on dipstick, what do you do next? |
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Definition
| microscopic analysis to confirm its blood |
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Term
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Definition
greater than or equal to 3 RBCs/HPF in 2 of 3 urine samples
KNOW THIS |
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Term
| Leukocyte esterase is made by ___. Its presence indicates there are ___ ___. |
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Definition
- neutrophils
- 10-12 WBCs/HPF of centrifuged specimen
(wait 5 min for reagent strip to change color) |
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Term
| positive nitrite test means : |
|
Definition
| greater than 100,000 bacteria/mL |
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Term
| negative nitrites does not rule out UTI |
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Definition
|
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Term
| reasons for false positive nitrite test; |
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Definition
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Term
| reasons for false negative nitrite test: |
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Definition
low nitrite diet
infxn with bacteria that do not reduce nitrate |
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Term
| only conjugated bilirubin in urine. Causes of excess bilirubin: |
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Definition
RBC destruction
liver disease
bile duct obstruction |
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Term
| Urinobilogen is intestingal break down from conjugated bilirubin. Small is normal, may be elevated though b/c of: |
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Definition
hemolysis
hepatocellular disease |
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Term
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Definition
men < 2 WBC/HPF
women < 5 WBC/HPF |
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Term
| refractile square envelope: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| yellow orange brown diamond/barrel crystals: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| colorless coffin lid crystals: |
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Definition
| triple phosphate crystlas |
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Term
| colorless hexagonal crystals: |
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Definition
| crystine hyaline crystals |
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Term
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Definition
| 5 bacteria/HPF, represents 100,000 CFU/mL |
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Term
| ____ CFU/ml suggest UTI in a symptomatic patient. |
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Definition
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