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| When they were colonies, England had had too much power over them, and they did not want that to happen again. |
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| Why did the Articles of Confederation place all the power in the states? |
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| National government was too weak- could not collect taxes or enforce laws |
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| What types of problems did the Articles of Confederation create? (since the power was placed in the states) |
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| list of individual rights protected by the Constitution |
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| What is the Bill of Rights? |
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| five freedoms: religion, speech, press, assembly, petition |
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| right to keep and bear arms |
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| civilians will not be forced to house soldiers |
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| trial by jury in civil action |
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| no cruel or unusual punishment |
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| protect individual freedoms |
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| protect rights of the accused |
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| supported ratification of the Constitution |
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| Alexander Hamilton, James Madison |
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| believed that checks and balances would prevent one branch from becoming too powerful |
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| said that Constitution divided power between state and national government and then separated national government into three branches |
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| federalist; author of many essays in Federalist Papers; supported the idea of a Bill of Rights; wrote a list of individual liberties that should always be protected and this list became the Bill of Rights |
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| author of many of the Federalist papers; first secretary of the Treasury |
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| written to help win support for the Constitution |
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| supported the idea of strong national government divided into 3 branches; Federalists believed that giving a lot of power to the national government would not be harmful to individual rights as long as a series of checks and balances was created |
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| people who opposed ratification of the Constitution |
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| main concern was amount of power given to National government |
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| believed Constitution took too much power from the states |
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| wanted the Legislative branch to be more powerful than the Executive Branch |
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| anti-federalist; would not vote for Constitution unless a Bill of Rights was included |
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| Marbury sued the federal government to give him a job with the government |
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| Supreme Court declared that the law written by Congress that would have helped Marbury get his job back was unconstitutional- any law that violated the Constitution was not allowed to be enforced |
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| First time the Supreme Court decided that a law made by Congress was not allowed by the Constitution |
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| established idea of judicial review |
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| the idea that the Supreme Court has the right to review all laws made by Congress |
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