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| Use of public appeals (as by a president) to influence actions especially of business/labor leaders. |
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| Resistance via senators and others that hurt items going through |
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| Powers president has spelled out in the Constitution |
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| Expressed powers given to one branch of government by Constitution, assigned to other government agencies with express consent. |
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| powers that a sovereign state holds |
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Appoint federal court judges,
pardoning people convicted of federal crimes (except for impeachment)
and reducing someone's jail sentence or fine. |
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Definition
| Declare wars and make laws, approving appointment of federal judges, passing the national budget. |
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| Ambassadors have powers and rights to speak on behalf of country they represent dealing with issues not dealt with by leaders of nations involved. |
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| Power claimed by the President of the U.S. and other members of the executive branch, resisting subpoenas and interventions by legislative/judicial branches |
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| Order issued by the President |
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| agreement made between executive branch and foreign government without being ratified. |
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Term
| Executive Office of the President |
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Definition
| Immediate support staff of the president |
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Term
| National Security Council |
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Definition
| Council led by the president that advises/assists him on national security and foreign policies |
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| Act passed by Congress in 1973 over President Nixon's veto, that defines/limit powers of the president to command armed forces. |
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| Act committing the US to obligation of following action requiring Congressional authorization |
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| power to stop a piece of legislation |
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| Legislative maneuver in US lawmaking to allow President to indirectly veto a bill |
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Definition
| The 15 departments, all political appointments that are behind the president |
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Term
| Office of Management and Budget |
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Definition
| largest office within Executive Office of President. |
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Term
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Definition
| Highest ranking member of Executive Office of President, senior aide |
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Definition
| when general public expresses support for incumbent president during international threats |
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| Public office or other high ranking-office providing holder with an opportunity to speak out and be listened on any matter |
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Term
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Definition
Bills originate usually from individual members of Congress. Bills also may be brought to a member by constituents or groups of them; can be submitted to a member of Congress by one or more state legislatures; or the President or his administration may suggest a bill.
If it's brought to the attention of a member, it must be submitted for consideration by the member. In the House, Representatives need to drop a copy of a bill into bins specifically placed to receive them. Bills are given in the Senate to a clerk at the President's desk.
Bills can be introduced in either house, but bills must eventually pass both houses to become law. |
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Definition
| Redistribution of representation in legislative body |
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Term
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| process of drawing United States district lines |
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| occurs when electoral boundaries are manipulated for political gain by using useful strategies to create partisan parties |
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| draws distric boundaries to create districts made up primarily of disadvantaged or underrepresented minorities |
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| social work involving direct consideration of problems, needs, and adjustments of the individual case |
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| derogatory term referring to appropriation of government spending for localized projects, bringing money to a certain area |
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Definition
| legislative provision that directs approved funds to be spent on specific projects |
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| Function of parties in Congress |
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Definition
| Very important in Congress, Republicans have House, Democrats Senate |
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Definition
| considers bills reported from policy/fiscal committees, determines how and when to schedule consideration on floor of the House |
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Definition
| Leader of majority party in Senate or House |
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Definition
| Head of House of Representatives |
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Definition
| leaders of political parties in each house of Legislature |
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Definition
| Assistants to floor leaders who can be elected by party conferences |
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Definition
| Trading of favors, like vote trading by legislative members to obtain passage of actions for each party |
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Definition
| Form of obstruction in legislature, type of parlimentary procedure |
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Definition
| Procedure where Senate can vote to place time limit on consideration of bill or other matter |
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| Pending amendments considered after cloture has been invoked |
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| Parliamentary procedure ensures members of legislative body are present before a vote is passed |
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| Select committee consisting of 15 members from different parties |
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| permanent legislative panels established by House and Senate |
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| Committee that includes people from both Senate and House |
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| Committee of Congress appointed by both House and Senate to resolve disagreements on a bill |
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Definition
| extend goods/service to members of an organization, and distributes costs of goods/services |
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| Policy that redistributes money and gives it out |
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| Form of financial assistance paid to a business or economic sector |
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Definition
| official journal of the Federal Government |
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| Use of government expenditure/revenue collection to influence the economy |
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Definition
| process where the monetary authority of country controls supply of money |
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Definition
| legal entity created by government to exercise some powers of the government |
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| Independent regulatory board |
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Definition
| Federal agencies imposing regulations but are free of political influence. |
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Definition
| Agency that has many clients |
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Definition
| Support of following somebody's political appointments, or following a law |
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Definition
| targets the behavior of individuals and/or industry |
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| Policy that is regulated on its own |
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| Defect where government agencies are established to regulate industries and are influenced/controlled by companies agencies were supposed to regulate |
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Definition
| Three-sided relationship between Congress, a Federal department, and a particular industry |
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| Branch of government service where individuals are employed on basis of professional merit |
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| Derisive term for excessive regulation or rigid conformity to rules considered redundant or bureaucratic |
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